Abstract
The tightening of worldwide oil reserves is causing the price of oil to
escalate - and makes coal, which is much more abundantly available, an
interesting starting material for liquid fuels and chemical raw materials.
Circumstances have thus made coal liquefaction a very lucrative option.
Coal liquefaction is a process that converts coal from a solid state into
liquid fuels, usually to provide substitutes for petroleum products. Coal
liquefaction processes were first developed in the early part of the 20th
century but later application was hindered by the relatively low price and
wide availability of crude oil and natural gas.
Aruvian's R'search's report on the Coal Liquefaction Industry in the United
States is a complete coverage report which focuses on the basics of coal
liquefaction, its history, challenges and barriers, the growth drivers, major
market players, major ongoing projects, and the economics of coal
liquefaction. With the growing popularity of coal liquefaction, Aruvian's
report comes at the right time for anyone wanting to upgrade their knowledge
on this lucrative industry.
Table of Contents
A. Executive Summary
B. Introduction to Coal
- What is Coal?
- History & Origin of Coal
- Composition of Coal
- Types of Coal
- Coal Reserves
- Coal Production
- Uses of Coal
- Environmental Impact of Coal
- Current Market for Coal
C. Coal Liquefaction
- What is Coal Liquefaction?
- Historical Background
- Market for Coal Liquefaction
D. Process Technologies in Coal Liquefaction
- Direct Coal Liquefaction
- Indirect Coal Liquefaction
- Fischer- Tropsch Process
- Methanol Synthesis
- Gasoline Synthesis
- Basic Process Configurations
- Solvent Refined Coal Process
- Consol Synthetic Fuels
- Exxon Donor Solvent
- H-Coal
- Third Generation Liquefaction Processes
E. Chemistry of Coal Liquefaction
F. Properties of Coal Liquids
G. Commercialization & Economics of Synfuel Production
H. Economics of Coal Liquefaction
- Cost of Overall Process & Fuel
- Polygeneration Costs
I. Growth Drivers for Coal Liquefaction
- Global Climate Change
- Exhaustion of Fossil Fuels
- Energy, National Security & High Oil Prices
- Large Quantity of Coal Supply
- Emergence of Methanol as a Renewable Fuel
J. Challenges & Issues in Coal Liquefaction
- Costing of Liquefaction Process & High Coal Prices
- Carbon Dioxide as a By-Product
- Consumption of Water
K. Case Study: China Investment in Direct Coal Liquefaction
- Coal Liquefaction in China
- Shenhua's Coal Liquefaction Project
- Issues & Challenges
- Conclusion
L. Leading Players
- American Clean Coal Fuels
- BRI Energy
- Headwaters Group
- Rentech
- Sasol
- Shenhua Group Corporation Limited
M. Major Projects
- East Dubuque
- Gilberton
- Medicine Bow
- Monash Energy
- Sasol I, II, & III
- Shaanxi
- Yinchuan
- Catoosa
N. Appendix
O. Glossary of Terms
Coal Liquefaction Industry in United States published by Aruvians Rsearch in June 1, 2012. This report consists of 111 pages and the price starts from US $ 450.
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