Metal and Ceramic Injection Molding

Metal and Ceramic Injection Molding published by BCC Research in October, 2008. This report consists of 242 pages and the price starts from US $ 4850.

Introduction

Abstract

STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

BCC' s goal in conducting this study is to analyze the current status of the ceramic and metal injection molding (MIM) technology and business. The report covers both powder and liquid processes for metal injection molding. When referring to ceramic and/or metal powder injection molding, the term powder injection molding (PIM) is often used. The term thixo-molding is often used to refer to liquid metal injection molding. All of the processes have the injection molding machine in common, and are at times undertaken by the same companies, which may also be plastic injection molders. The report is designed to provide an overview of the current technology, new developments, business opportunities, and an assessment of the markets. The goals of this report are to:

• Provide an overview of ceramic and metal injection molding technology.
• Explain and forecast the rapid growth of Asian producers in the shifting global marketplace
• Understand the current industry structure and future trends.
• Analyze the business for potential new developments and trends.
• Identify and analyze applications and markets for potential for growth of this technology and business.
• Review and analyze the patents awarded over the past five years and assess technological trends.
• Explain and forecast the economic pressures facing raw materials for these industries.
• Describe the business problems facing the industry.

The study' s primary goal is to give readers a clear understanding of the ceramic and metal injection technology and business and growth potential over the next five years. BCC uses 2009 as the base year, since this report was completed in late 2008. Data for 2009 are forecast based on estimated, full 2008 data. The knowledge of both the market and technological trends will help companies prepare for future developments. The knowledge will be helpful in improving business strategies for growth and success in the marketplace.

REASON FOR DOING THE STUDY

Ceramic and metal injection molding is a near net shape manufacturing technology that is extremely cost effective in producing small complex parts. The technology is growing in importance as design engineers develop new components that require greater mechanical strength than offered by synthetic materials. Concurrently, there is a trend toward miniaturization. At the same time, there is an enormous drive to reduce costs. This has a two-pronged effect on ceramic and metal injection molding: 1) New designs combine functionality or eliminate processing steps, requiring a more complex design that can only be achieved through injection molding; 2) There are drives to boost scale, thus making injection molding a more attractive economic option than competing processes such as machining. Metal injection molding also has environmental advantages over casting, while also reducing energy costs. Reasons for doing the study (Continued) Meanwhile, the technologies are vastly improving, particularly in the area of powder size. Better simulation and control systems are being commercialized for injection molding machines processing materials other than plastics. New furnaces also improve economies of scale for big-ticket markets, such as automotive. New standards have also opened bigger markets for ceramic and injection molding, which only started to become an important commercial industry in the last 15 years. The technology is being used to manufacture parts and components for the aerospace, automotive, electronics, telecommunications, consumer, medical, and dental industries.

When MIM technology was developed, there was significant excitement in the industry. Very high growth rates were projected and a significant number of companies came into being to utilize this technology. While initial projections were overblown, the industry has grown significantly. Growth rates slowed some in the 2006 to 2008 period because of soaring metals prices, a slowing auto market, and spotty economic conditions globally. BCC forecasts the industry is due for another growth spurt.

This is the first and only study to include ceramic and metal as powder injection molding, and to include thixo-molding for liquid metals, such as magnesium and aluminum. This is important because these parts are all made on the same equipment and compete in the same markets - sometimes even for the same parts. Any report that fails to include all three processes is inadequate.

BCC also is issuing this report because of significant changes taking place in the global industry structure. Powder injection molding was invented in the United States in the early 1970s by two engineers named Karl Zueger and Raymond E. Wiech, Jr. The United States had a strong lead, with Europe and Japan quickly following. Now the growth is shifting to China and other Asian countries. This report defines the trend and its impact on existing companies in the business.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: SUMMARY 4

• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7
• SUMMARY TABLE 1 GLOBAL SALES OF MIM COMPONENTS (POWDER) BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 8
• SUMMARY FIGURE REGIONAL PERCENTAGE SHARE OF SALES OF MIM COMPONENTS, 2009 AND 2014 (%) 9
• SUMMARY TABLE 2 GLOBAL SALES OF CIM COMPONENTS BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 10
• SUMMARY TABLE 3 LIQUID METAL MOLDING REVENUES BY REGION, THROUGH 2014

Chapter 2: POWDER INJECTION MOLDINGINDUSTRY OVERVIEW 10

• INTRODUCTION 11
• THE PROCESS 11
• POWDER PRODUCTION 11
• FEEDSTOCK PREPARATION 12
• INJECTION MOLDING 12
• DEBINDING 13
• SINTERING 13
• DESIGNING FOR MIM 14
• ADVANTAGES OF PIM 15
• ADVANTAGES OF PIM (CONTINUED) 16
• TABLE 1 ADVANTAGES OF POWDER INJECTION MOLDING 17
• DISADAVANTAGES OF PIM 17
• TABLE 2 DISADVANTAGES OF POWDER INJECTION MOLDING 18
• PIM PRODUCT QUALITY 19
• TABLE 3 COMPARISON OF METAL INJECTION MOLDING WITH SELECTED METAL FORMING TECHNOLOGIES 19
• PIM PRODUCTS AND MARKET SECTORS 20
• TABLE 4 METAL INJECTION MOLDED PRODUCTS BY MARKET SECTORS 20

Chapter 3: POWDER INJECTION MOLDING TECHNOLOGY 16

• INTRODUCTION 21
• DESIGN OF THE PART AND INJECTION MOLD 22
• DESIGN OF THE PART AND ........ (CONTINUED) 23
• METAL, CERAMIC AND ALLOY MATERIALS 24
• ATOMIZATION (METALS) 25
• TABLE 5 A COMPARISON OF WATER AND GAS ATOMIZATION PROCESSES 26
• TABLE 5 (CONTINUED) 27
• REDUCTION OF OXIDES (METALS) 28
• CARBONYL DECOMPOSITION (METALS) 29
• COMMINUTION (METALS) 30
• OTHER METHODS FOR METALS 30
• FINE GRINDING (CERAMICS) 31
• CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION (CERAMICS) 31
• BINDERS 32
• SOLVENT DEBINDING 32
• FEEDSTOCKS 33
• TABLE 6 FEEDSTOCKS FOR PIM 33
• TABLE 6 (CONTINUED) 34
• INJECTION MOLDING 34
• DEBINDING 35
• SINTERING 35
• SINTERING (CONTINUED) 36

Chapter 4: PIM INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 23

• INTRODUCTION 37
• POWDER AND FEEDSTOCK MANUFACTURERS 38
• TABLE 7 MAJOR FIRMS SUPPLYING POWDERS AND FEEDSTCOKS TO THE MIM INDUSTRY 39
• TABLE 7 (CONTINUED) 40
• MIM PARTS AND COMPONENTS MANUFACTURERS 41
• TABLE 8 MAJOR NORTH AMERICAN FIRMS MANUFACTURING PIM PARTS AND COMPONENTS 41
• TABLE 8 (CONTINUED) 42
• TABLE 9 MAJOR NON-U.S. FIRMS MANUFACTURING MIM PARTS AND COMPONENTS 43
• TABLE 9 (CONTINUED) 44
• SOLIDMICRON TECHNOLOGIES PTE. LTD., SINGAPORE 44
• EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS 45
• TABLE 10 MAJOR COMPANIES SUPPLYING EQUIPMENT TO THE PIM COMPONENT MANUFACTURERS 46
• GLOBALIZATION 46
• TABLE 11 PIM CAPACITY AND MARKET SIZE BY GEOGRAPHICAL REGION, 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 47
• MIM INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 48
• MARKET SIZE AND SHARES 49
• TABLE 12 GLOBAL SALES OF PIM COMPONENTS BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 49
• FIGURE 1 GLOBAL SALES OF PIM COMPONENTS BY REGION, 2009 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 50
• TABLE 13 SALES AND MARKET SHARE OF MAJOR MIM COMPANIES IN THE NORTH AMERICAN MIM MARKET, 2009 ($ MILLIONS, %) 51
• FIGURE 2 MARKET SHARE OF MAJOR COMPANIES IN THE NORTH AMERICAN MIM MARKET, 2009 (%) 52
• TABLE 14 SALES AND MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR MIM COMPANIES IN THE JAPANESE MIM MARKET, 2009 ($ MILLIONS, %) 53
• FIGURE 3 MARKET SHARE OF MAJOR COMPANIES IN THE JAPANESE MIM MARKET, 2009 (%) 53
• TABLE 15 SALES AND MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR ASIAN MIM COMPANIES, EXCLUDING JAPAN, 2009 ($ MILLIONS, %) 54
• TABLE 16 SALES AND MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR EUROPEAN MIM, 2009 ($ MILLIONS, %) 55
• TABLE 17 GLOBAL SALES AND MARKET SHARES OF MAJOR MIM COMPANIES, 2009 ($ MILLIONS, %) 55
• TABLE 17 (CONTINUED) 56
• INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS 56
• INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS (CONTINUED) 57
• PIM RESEARCH LEADERS 58
• PIM INDUSTRY STRUCTURE - SUMMARY 59
• MIM INDUSTRY) 59

Chapter 5: COMPETITIVE PROCESSES 6

• CASTING 60
• CONVENTIONAL POWDER METALLURGY 61
• POWDER PRESSING 61
• SOLID STATE SINTERING 62
• CONTINUOUS POWDER PROCESSING 62
• MACHINING 62
• DIRECT MANUFACTURING 63
• TRADITIONAL INJECTION MOLDING 64
• LEAD REPLACEMENT 64
• HEAVY COMPOUNDS 65
• HYBRID PROCESSES 65

Chapter 6: POWDER INJECTION MOLDING COMPANY PROFILES 73

• ABBOTT FURNACE COMPANY 66
• ACCELLENT INC. 66
• ACELENT TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD 67
• ACUPOWDER INTERNATIONAL, LLC 67
• ADVANCED CERAMETRICS, INC. 68
• ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD. 69
• ADVANCED METALWORKING PRACTICES 69
• ADVANCED POWDER PRODUCTS 70
• ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY & MATERIALS CO. 70
• ADVANTAGE METAL POWDERS, INC. 71
• AFFINITY INTERNATIONAL LLC (USA) 71
• AG MATERIALS INC. 71
• AKRON PORCELAIN & PLASTICS CO. 72
• ALBEROX, A DIVISION OF MORGAN ADVANCED CERAMICS, INC. 72
• ALCOA HOWMET 73
• ALD VACUUM TECHNOLOGIES AG 73
• ALLIANCE SA 74
• AMERICAN CHEMET CORP. 74
• AMERICAN ORTHODONTICS 74
• AMETEK, INC. - SPECIALTY METAL PRODUCTS DIV. 75
• AMPAL, INC. (USB) 75
• ARBURG GMBH CO KG 76
• ARC SEIBERSDORF RESEARCH GMBH 76
• ASBURY GRAPHITE MILLS, INC. 77
• ATC, INC. 77
• AVS, INC./ADVANCED VACUUM SYSTEMS 77
• BASF CORP. 78
• BASF EAST ASIA R. HQ LTD. 78
• BASF AG 78
• BONGEN TITANIUM CO., LTD 79
• BRITT MANUFACTURING CO. 80
• CABOT CORP. 80
• CARPENTER POWDER PRODUCTS 81
• CENTORR VACUUM INDUSTRIES 82
• CERADYNE, INC. 82
• CERAMET TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD 82
• CERAMCO, INC 83
• C.I. HAYES 83
• CENTER FOR INNOVATIVE SINTERED PRODUCTS 83
• CERAMTEC NORTH AMERICA CORP. 84
• CITIZEN WATCH CO. 84
• CLARIANT PIGMENTS AND ADDITIVES DIVISION 85
• CM FURNACES INC. 85
• CONTINUOUS METAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. 85
• COORSTEK 85
• CORE-TECH, INC. 86
• CPS TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 86
• CREMER THERMOPROZESSANLAGEN GMBH 87
• CYPRESS INDUSTRIES 87
• DSH TECHNOLOGIES, LLC 87
• DONCASTERS PRECISION CASTINGS 87
• DOU YEE TECHNOLOGIES PTE LTD 88
• DURON PLASTICS LTD. 88
• DYNAMIC ENGINEERING, INC. 88
• ECKA GRANULES OF AMERICA LP 89
• EGIDE UK LTD 89
• ELNIK SYSTEMS 90
• EMIL BROLL GMBH & CO. 90
• ENGINEERED SINTERINGS & PLASTICS, INC. 91
• EPSON ATMIX CORP. 91
• ETA SA MANUFACTURE HORLOGERE SUISSE 92
• EVERSUN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD 92
• F.W. WINTER, INC. & CO. 93
• FLOMET LLC 93
• FORM PHYSICS, LLC 94
• FRAUNHOFER INSTITUTE 94
• GKN SINTER METALS 95
• GKN SINTER METALS GMBH (MIM) 95
• GOCERAM AB 96
• H.C. STARCK, INC. 96
• HERBERT KUGELE 97
• HITACHI METALS AMERICA LTD. 97
• HITACHI METALS LTD. - SPECIALTY STEEL COMPANY 98
• HOEGANAES CORP. 98
• HOPTEC GROUPE FORSYM 99
• INCO SPECIAL PRODUCTS 99
• INDO-US MIM TEC PVT. LTD 100
• INETI 100
• INJECTAMAX CORP. 101
• INSTITUT FUR WERKZEUGMASCHINEN AND BETRIEBSTECHNIK 101
• INTERNATIONAL SPECIALTY PRODUCTS (ISP) 102
• ITB PRECISIETECHNIEK 102
• KINETICS, INC. 102
• KLAGER SPRITZGUSS GMBH & CO 103
• LATITUDE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES 103
• LEISTRITZ CORP. 104
• MATERIALS PROCESSING INC. 104
• MATHSON INDUSTRIES, INC. 104
• MAXON MOTOR AG 105
• MEGAMET SOLID METALS, INC. 105
• METAL POWDER PRODUCTS CO. 106
• METAOR 106
• MICROCERAM 107
• MIMECRISA 107
• MIMFLOW TECHNOLOGIES LLC 107
• MIMFORMS LLC 108
• MIMITALIA SRI 108
• MKS KUNSTSTOFFSPRITZGUSS GMBH 109
• MMG ENGINEERED COMPONENTS 109
• MOMENTIVE PERFORMANCE MATERIALS INC 109
• MORGAN TECHNICAL CERAMICS 110
• NANOVAL GMBH & CO. KG 111
• NEGRI BOSSI 111
• NETSHAPE TECHNOLOGIES 111
• NIPPON ATOMIZED METAL POWDERS CORP. 112
• NOVAMET SPECIALTY PRODUCTS CORP. 112
• OBE OHNMACHT & BAUMGARTNER GMBH & CO. 113
• OM GROUP, INC. 114
• ONISHI LITE INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 114
• ORTHO ORGANIZERS, INC. 115
• PARMATECH CORP. 115
• PCC-AFT. 116
• PELTSMAN CORP. 117
• PHILLIPS PLASTICS CORP. 117
• PHILLIPS PLASTICS CORP. (CONTINUED) 118
• POLYALLOYS INJECTED METALS 119
• POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 119
• PORITE TAIWAN CO. LTD 120
• PRECIMED S.A. 120
• QUEBEC METAL POWDERS LTD 121
• QINETQ NANOMATERIALS LTD. 121
• RAPIDUS USA, LLC 122
• RAUSCHERT TECHNICAL CERAMICS 122
• REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY, INC. 123
• RETCO TOOL CO. 123
• RIFMET LTD. 124
• ROCKY MOUNTAIN ORTHODONTICS 124
• RPM ENGINEERING CORP. 124
• RYER, INC. 125
• SAFFROSHINE ORGANICS PVT. LTD. 125
• SANDVIK OSPREY LTD. 125
• SCHUNK SINTERMETALLTECHNIK GMBH 126
• SCM METAL PRODUCTS, INC. 127
• SEMBACH GMBH & CO KG 127
• SHANDONG JINZHU POWDER INJECTION MANUFACTURE CO. 128
• SHANGHAI FUTURE HI-TECH CO., LTD 128
• SINTER METAL TECHNOLOGIES 128
• SINTEZ RUS MIM 129
• SMALL PRECISION TOOLS 129
• SMITH METAL PRODUCTS 130
• SOLIDMICRON TECHNOLOGIES PTE. LTD. 130
• SSI TECHNOLOGIES, INC 130
• SUN STAR INC. 131
• SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO., LTD 131
• SUPERIOR TECHNICAL CERAMICS CORP. 131
• TAISEI KOGYO CO., LTD. 132
• TAIWAN SINTERED METALS CO. LTD. 132
• TEIBOW CO., LTD. 133
• THERMAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. 133
• THYSSENKRUPP PRESTA AG 134
• TIJET MEDIZINTECHNIK GMBH 134
• TLS TECHNIK GMBH & CO. 134
• TOHNO SEIMITSU CO., LTD. 134
• TOPMIM INTERNATIONAL 135
• ULTRAFINE POWDER TECHNOLOGY, INC. 135
• UNITED STATES BRONZE POWDERS, INC. 136
• UTRON, INC. 136
• WESTLAND CORP. 136
• WITTMANN-BATTENFELD 137
• WITTMAN-BATTENFELD OF AMERICA, INC. 137
• WORLD CLASS TECHNOLOGY 137
• ZOLLERN-MIMTEC 138
• ZSCHIMMER & SCHWARZ GMBH & CO. 138

Chapter 7: PIM MATERIALS 20

• INTRODUCTION 139
• PRODUCTION OF POWDERS 140
• SOLID-STATE REDUCTION 141
• ATOMIZATION 141
• ELECTROLYSIS 141
• CHEMICAL 141
• TABLE 18 NORTH AMERICAN POWDER SHIPMENTS BY TYPE OF MATERIAL AND PRODUCTION FOR MIM, THROUGH 2014 (SHORT TONS) 142
• PIM MATERIALS 143
• TABLE 19 PIM MATERIALS 143
• TABLE 19 (CONTINUED) 144
• TABLE 19 (CONTINUED) 145
• TABLE 20 ALLOYS USED IN MIM STEELS 145
• TABLE 20 (CONTINUED) 146
• STAINLESS STEELS 146
• Martensitic Stainless Steels 146
• Ferritic Stainless Steels 147
• Austenitic Stainless Steels 147
• TABLE 21 NOMINAL COMPOSITIONS OF SOME STAINLESS STEELS, WT % 147
• TABLE 22 THE TYPE OF STAINLESS STEELS AND THEIR MIM USES IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS 148
• LOW ALLOY STEELS 149
• NICKEL AND NICKEL ALLOYS 149
• CONTROLLED EXPANSION ALLOYS 150
• COBALT AND COBALT ALLOYS 150
• COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS 150
• RHENIUM 150
• TITANIUM 151
• TABLE 23 TITANIUM AND TI-6AL-4V ALLOY COMPOSITIONS, WT % 151
• TUNGSTEN 152
• ALUMINUM 152
• MARKET SHARES OF CERAMICS, METALS AND ALLOYS 152
• TABLE 24 SHARE OF MIM MARKET BY METALS AND ALLOYS, 2009 AND 2014 (%) 153
• FIGURE 4 SHARE OF MIM MARKET BY METALS AND ALLOYS, 2009 (%) 154
• MIM ECONOMIC ISSUES 154
• TABLE 25 HISTORICAL AND FORECAST PRICES OF MIM METALS, THROUGH 2014 ($/LB, AVERAGE FOR A YEAR) 155
• FIGURE 5 HISTORICAL AND FORECAST PRICES OF MIM METALS, 2005-2014 ($/LB, AVERAGE FOR A YEAR) 155
• STAINLESS STEEL 156
• CARBON STEEL 156
• TUNGSTEN 156
• COPPER 157
• NICKEL 157
• Nickel (Continued) 158

Chapter 8: CERAMIC MATERIALS 8

• TABLE 26 SHARE OF CIM MARKET BY MATERIALS, 2009 AND 2014 (% SALES VALUE) 159
• FIGURE 6 SHARE OF CIM MARKET BY MATERIALS, 2009 AND 2014 (% SALES VALUE) 160
• ENGINEERING PROFILES 160
• ALUMINA (AL2O3, 99.8% PURE ALUMINA) 161
• TABLE 27 ENGINEERING PROFILE OF ALUMINA (99.8%) 161
• ALUMINA (AL2O3, 96% PURE ALUMINA) 162
• TABLE 28 ENGINEERING PROFILE OF ALUMINA (96%) 162
• ZIRCONIA-TOUGHENED ALUMINA (AL2O3 + STABILIZED ZRO2) 162
• TABLE 29 ENGINEERING PROFILE OF ZIRCONIA-TOUGHENED ALUMINA 163
• ZIRCONIA (ZRO2, Y2O3-STABILIZED) 163
• TABLE 30 ENGINEERING PROFILE OF ZIRCONIA-TOUGHENED ALUMINA 163
• TABLE 30 (CONTINUED) 164
• CERAMIC ECONOMIC PROFILES 164
• ALUIMINA 164
• ZIRCONIA 165
• TABLE 31 HISTORICAL AND FORECAST PRICES OF CERAMIC MATERIALS (DOLLARS PER METRIC TON) 166

Chapter 9: MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS 21

• OVERVIEW 167
• MARKET POTENTIAL 167
• WIDE RANGE OF MARKETS 167
• COST EFFECTIVENESS 168
• NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 168
• COST-EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR POWDER PRODUCTION 169
• TABLE 32 FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO GROWTH OF PIM COMPONENTS 170
• MARKETS FOR PIM COMPONENTS 171
• MARKET SIZE 172
• METAL INJECTION MOLDING 172
• TABLE 33 GLOBAL SALES OF MIM COMPONENTS BY MARKET SECTORS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 172
• FIGURE 7 GLOBAL SALES OF MIM COMPONENTS BY MARKET SECTORS, 2009 (%) 173
• AUTOMOTIVE 173
• Automotive (Continued) 174
• CONSUMER PRODUCTS 175
• Consumer Products (Continued) 176
• MECHANICAL 177
• MEDICAL 178
• REGIONAL FACTORS 179
• TABLE 34 MIM SALES BY REGIONAL MARKET, 2009 ($ MILLIONS) 179
• CERAMIC INJECTION MOLDING 180
• TABLE 35 GLOBAL SALES OF CIM COMPONENTS BY MARKET SECTOR, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 180
• FIGURE 8 GLOBAL SALES OF CIM COMPONENTS BY MARKET SECTORS, 2009 (%) 181
• INVESTMENT CASTING CORES 181
• CONSUMER PRODUCTS 182
• MEDICAL 183
• Medical (Continued) 184
• IT/OFFICE AUTOMATION 185
• INDUSTRIAL/MECAHNICAL 185
• REGIONAL FACTORS 186
• TABLE 36 CIM SALES BY REGIONAL MARKET, 2009 AND 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 186
• FIGURE 9 GLOBAL SALES OF CIM COMPONENTS BY REGION, 2009 187

Chapter 10: POWDER INJECTION MOLDING PATENT ANALYSIS 2

• FIGURE 10 TREND IN U.S. PATENTS FOR POWDER INJECTION MOLDING, 2002-2007 (NUMBER OF PATENTS AWARDED ANNUALLY) 188
• FIGURE 10 (CONTINUED) 189
• FIGURE 11 U.S. PATENTS AWARDED BY REGION IN 2007 AND FIRST 6 MONTHS OF 2008 (%) 189

Chapter 11: POWDER INJECTION MOLDING PATENT ABSTRACTS 17

• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,387,763 190
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,368,515 190
• U.S. PATENT NO. RE40,273 190
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,361,995 191
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,351,765 191
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,351,371 192
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,347,968 192
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,335,696 192
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,303,722 193
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,288,222 193
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,285,088 194
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,279,126 194
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,275,896 194
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,275,329 195
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,259,219 195
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,259,212 195
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,237,730 196
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,235,211 196
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,232,473 197
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,199,211 197
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,199,174 197
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,192,546 197
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,189,277 198
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,183,360 198
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,172,725 199
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,172,333 199
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,163,569 199
• U.S. PATENT NO. RE39,445 200
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,144,957 200
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,134,345 200
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,132,479 201
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,131,597 201
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,126,276 202
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,117,596 202
• U.S. PATENT NO 7,103,981 202
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,097,393 203
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,094,821 203
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,063,815 203
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,052,710 204
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,036,550 204
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,036,227 205
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,018,583 205
• U.S. PATENT NO. 6,997,401 206

Chapter 12: LIQUID METAL INJECTION MOLDING 11

• THIXO-MOLDING 207
• INTRODUCTION 207
• TABLE 37 LIQUID INJECTION MOLDING METAL MATERIALS 208
• TABLE 38 HOW MAGNESIUM PROERITES STACK UP AGINST KEY COMPETITORS 208
• TECHNOLOGY 208
• TECHNOLOGY (CONTINUED) 209
• COMMERICAL ISSUES 210
• TABLE 39 INSTALLED BASE, THIXO-MOLDING MACHINES BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (UNITS) 210
• FIGURE 12 INSTALLED BASE, THIXO-MOLDING MACHINES BY REGION, 2009 AND 2014 (%) 211
• TABLE 40 INSTALLED BASE, THIXO-MOLDING MACHINES BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (METRIC TONS OF CAPACITY) 212
• TABLE 41 MATERIAL CONTENT PER CAR (VEHICLES, EXCLUDING TRUCKS) (POUNDS) 213
• THIXO CHALLENGES 214
• TABLE 42 HISTORICAL AND PROJECTED COSTS FOR MAGNESIUM VERSUS KEY COMPETITORS (DOLLARS PER POUND) 215
• NEW TECHNOLOGY 215
• XYLOY MOLDING 216
• TABLE 43 MELTING POINTS OF METALS 217

Chapter 13: LIQUID INJECTION MOLDING COMPANY PROFILES 11

• AB COMPONENTS 218
• ADVANCED FORMING TECHNOLOGY - A DIVISION OF PRECISION CASTPARTS CORP. 218
• ADVANCED PROCESSING & MATERIALS 218
• COOL POLYMERS 219
• DATUMAG INC. 219
• EF TECHNOLOGY (KUNSHAN) LTD 219
• FCMP 220
• G-MAG INTERNATIONAL 220
• G-MAG EUROPE GMBH 220
• HONG YA INDUSTRIAL 221
• HUSKY INJECTION MOLDING SYSTEMS 221
• JSW PLASTICS MACHINERY, INC. 221
• JURONG HUA-YE NEW TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY CO. LTD 222
• MG PRECISION 222
• NEUE MATERIALIEN FUERTH GMBH 222
• NISSEI PLASTIC INDUSTRIAL CO. LTD. 223
• NYPRO, INC. 223
• PARKWAY PRODUCTS 223
• PHILLIPS PLASTICS 224
• PLUSTECH INC. 224
• RAYCON INDUSTRIES, INC., 224
• SHANGHAI ZIYAN ALLOY TECHNOLOGY CO. LTD. 225
• SIRRIS 225
• TENMA CORPORATION 225
• THIXOMAT 226
• TOYO KAKO CO., LTD. 226
• TOYOTA BOSHOKU CORP. 226
• VUJANOVIC HOLDING B.V. 227
• WAFFER 227
• YAMAHA FINE TECHNOLOGIES 227
• YORK IMPERIAL PLASTICS 228

Chapter 14: LIQUID INJECTION MOLDING PATENT ABSTRACTS 3

• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,341,094 229
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,343,959 229
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,353,858 230
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,331,375 230
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,237,594 230
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,232,305 230
• U.S. PATENT NO. 7,163,046 231
• U.S. PATENT NO. RE39,291 231

Chapter 15: MAJOR CHALLENGES 3

• MAJOR CHALLENGES 232
• MAJOR CHALLENGES (CONTINUED) 233
• MAJOR CHALLENGES (CONTINUED) 234

Chapter 16: APPENDIX: GLOSSARY OF TERMS

• GLOSSARY OF TERMS 235
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 236
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 237
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 238
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 239
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 240
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 241
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 242
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 243
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 244
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 245
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 246
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 247
• GLOSSARY OF TERMS (CONTINUED) 248

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