Liquid Biofuels: The Global Market

Liquid Biofuels: The Global Market published by BCC Research in May, 2009. This report consists of 333 pages and the price starts from US $ 4850.

Introduction

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

STUDY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

This BCC Research report is designed to offer an in-depth analysis of the market for liquid biofuels in world regions other than North America. While the term "biofuels" describes solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel derived from relatively recently dead biological material as opposed to fossil fuels, which are derived from long dead biological material, for the purposes of this report biofuels will refer to liquid fuels only. At present, two biofuel types are commercially available, bioethanol and biodiesel. As the term "ethanol" has come to refer to bioethanol in common English language usage, this report also will adhere to that convention.

In addition to ethanol and biodiesel, often referred to first-generation biofuels, several more fuel types may be manufactured from raw materials derived from plant resources. These include second-generation ethanol (cellulosic ethanol), biobutanol, algae-based biodiesel, Fischer-Tropsch fuels, green gasoline, and others.

The primary drivers for the industry are government mandates that have established levels of biofuels that must be added to fossil fuels. In this study, the market for biofuels is analyzed by feedstock type, by production capacity, and by producer. Market values are calculated from historical per gallon sales prices and predicted prices according to the futures markets. Conclusions are illustrated with statistical information on markets, applications, industry structure, and dynamics, along with technological developments.

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

While biofuels account for just 1% of world fuel consumption, they are the subject of considerable global interest. Conventional energy resources, mainly fossil fuels, are becoming limited due to a rapid worldwide increase in demand. A growing imbalance in energy demand and supply affects consumer prices as well as the environment, prompting a search for new sustainable energy resources. Biomass is one such environmentally sound renewable resource from which various fuels can be manufactured. Fuels produced from plant materials also have the potential to invigorate lagging agricultural sectors in emerging countries, such as those in Eastern Europe and parts of Asia.

The study is intended for individuals requiring an in-depth analysis of the biofuels industry that traces significant developments and forecasts important trends, quantifies the various market sectors, and highlights companies active in those areas.

Because of the diverse and fragmented nature of the industry, it is difficult to find studies that gather such extensive data from far-reaching resources, and have this data presented in one comprehensive document. This report contains a unique collection of information, analyses, forecasts, and conclusions that is very hard (or impossible) to find elsewhere.

INTENDED AUDIENCE

With the significant rise in global biofuels production, increasing volumes of agricultural resources are being diverted to the industry. This phenomenon has created concerns regarding agricultural resource competition and how it might affect food production in North America and around the world.

This report on biofuel products, process technology, market players, and industry trends is intended to present pertinent information for anyone concerned with the interface between agriculture, energy, and fuels. Interested parties might include new business and business development managers, project investors and developers, green power marketers, energy market advisors, energy professionals, engineers, venture capital investors, commodity brokers and analysts, biofuel producers, biofuels technology and equipment suppliers, feedstock suppliers, energy and environmental researchers, vegetable oil crushers and refiners, fuel blenders, marketers and distributors, and oil and gas project developers.

SCOPE OF REPORT

Liquid Biofuels: The Global Market firstpresents a general overview of biofuel types, manufacturing methods, feedstock options, typical plant costs, and operating margins, followed by an analysis of individual world regions: Europe, South America, Asia and the Pacific Rim, and Africa and the Middle East. Each region is evaluated in terms of fuel production and demand, the legislative framework for biofuels use, incentives for production, and the number and capacity of manufacturing plants.

Where known, a full listing of existing commercial-scale plants (greater than 1 million gallons per year [mgy], producing and non-producing) is presented, as are listings of plants under construction. Each regional evaluation includes estimates of market size for sales of ethanol, biodiesel, and other fuel types, and a forecast for growth to 2013. Values are given in U.S. dollars. Forecasts are in constant U.S. dollars and growth rates are compounded.

The report includes a breakdown of industry structure and brief company profiles of hundreds of businesses, which include addresses, phone and fax numbers, and websites.

INFORMATION SOURCES

The information sources for this study include online research; SEC filings; annual reports; company brochures; patent literature; business, technical and industry journals; conference literature; and interviews with industry participants. Statistical and other data also were collected from the U.S. Department of Energy' s (DOE) Energy Information Administration (EIA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the USDA' s Foreign Agricultural Service, The European Biodiesel Board, The Methanol Institute, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), the Green Car Congress, Biodiesel Magazine, Ethanol Producer Magazine, Biofuels Review, WorldBioPlants.com, and BioDieselSpain.com.

Table of Contents

Chapter-1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5

• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5
• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (CONTINUED) 6
• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (CONTINUED) 7
• SUMMARY TABLE PROJECTED VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET BY BIOFUEL TYPE, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 8
• SUMMARY FIGURE PROJECTED VALUE OF THE MARKET BY BIOFUEL TYPE, 2002 - 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 9

Chapter-2: OVERVIEW 12

• FIGURE 1 WORLD ENERGY MATRIX (%) 10
• FIGURE 1 (CONTINUED) 11
• CONVERSION ROUTES FOR BIOFUELS PRODUCTION 11
• FIGURE 2 THERMAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND CHEMICALS ROUTES TO BIOFUELS PRODUCTION 12
• CONVERSION ROUTES FOR ... (CONTINUED) 13
• FIGURE 3 THE HOLISTIC ETHANOL FACILITY 14
• BIOFUEL EVOLUTION 14
• FIRST-GENERATION FUELS 15
• TABLE 1 ENERGY CONTENT OF COMMERCIAL FUELS 15
• SECOND-GENERATION FUELS 16
• THIRD-GENERATION FUELS 16
• FOURTH-GENERATION FUELS 17
• FEEDSTOCKS 17
• YIELD 17
• TABLE 2 RELATIVE YIELD OF CURRENT AND PROPOSED BIOFUEL FEEDSTOCKS (GALS. PER ACRE) 18
• FIGURE 4 RELATIVE YIELD OF CURRENT AND PROPOSED BIOFUEL FEEDSTOCKS (GALS. PER ACRE) 18
• NET ENERGY YIELD 19
• TABLE 3 NET ENERGY YIELD OF CURRENT AND PROPOSED BIOFUEL FEEDSTOCKS (NET ENERGY YIELD) 19
• FIGURE 5 NET ENERGY YIELD OF CURRENT AND PROPOSED BIOFUEL FEEDSTOCKS (NET ENERGY YIELD) 20
• COST OF PRODUCTION 20
• TABLE 4 RELATIVE COSTS OF BIOFUELS FROM VARIOUS FEEDSTOCKS, 2008 ($ PER BARREL, ESTIMATED) 21
• FIGURE 6 RELATIVE COSTS OF BIOFUELS FROM VARIOUS FEEDSTOCKS, 2008 ($ PER BARREL, ESTIMATED) 21

Chapter-3: ETHANOL 7

• TABLE 5 FEEDSTOCKS FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION 22
• TABLE 5 (CONTINUED) 23
• CORN ETHANOL 23
• TABLE 6 CORN ETHANOL FEEDSTOCK REQUIREMENTS BY PLANT SIZE (MILLION BUSHELS) 23
• CORN ETHANOL MANUFACTURING 24
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 25
• FIGURE 7 CELLULOSIC ETHANOL MANUFACTURING PROCESS 26
• ETHANOL BLENDING 27
• COPRODUCTS OF ETHANOL PRODUCTION 27
• ETHANOL PLANT COSTS 28
• TABLE 7 ESTIMATED CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS BY ETHANOL PLANT SIZE 28

Chapter-4: BIODIESEL 6

• TABLE 8 FEEDSTOCKS FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION 29
• TABLE 8 (CONTINUED) 30
• BIODIESEL MANUFACTURING 30
• TRANSESTERIFICATION 31
• POST-REACTION PROCESSES 31
• BIODIESEL BLENDING 32
• COPRODUCTS OF BIODIESEL MANUFACTURING 33
• BIODIESEL PLANT COSTS 33
• TABLE 9 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION COSTS (5 MGY PLANT BASED ON SOYBEAN COSTS OF $0.22/LB.) 33
• TABLE 9 (CONTINUED) 34
• FIGURE 8 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION COSTS (5 MGY PLANT BASED ON SOYBEAN COSTS OF $0.22/LB.) 34

Chapter-5: OTHER BIOFUELS 10

• STRAIGHT VEGETABLE OIL/PURE VEGETABLE OIL 35
• WOOD DIESEL 35
• BIOBUTANOL 35
• BIOBUTANOL (CONTINUED) 36
• BIOBUTANOL MANUFACTURING 37
• HYDROGENATION-DERIVED RENEWABLE DIESEL 38
• HYDROTHERMALUPGRADING DIESEL 39
• FISCHER-TROPSCH BIOFUELS 39
• FISCHER-TROPSCH MANUFACTURING 39
• ALGAL FUEL (OILGAE) 40
• TABLE 10 PROMISING ALGAE FOR BIODIESEL MANUFACTURE 40
• TABLE 10 (CONTINUED) 41
• BIOMETHANOL 42
• DIMETHYLFURAN 42
• DMF MANUFACTURING 42
• BIO-DME 43
• GREEN GASOLINE 43
• DESIGNER HYDROCARBONS 44

Chapter-6: EUROPEAN BIOFUEL MARKET 67

• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 45
• INCENTIVES 45
• ETHANOL 45
• PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY 46
• TABLE 11 EU ETHANOL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2002 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 46
• FIGURE 9 EU ETHANOL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2002 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 46
• PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK 47
• TABLE 12 EU ETHANOL PRODUCTION CAPACITY BY FEEDSTOCK TYPE, 2008 (MGY/%) 47
• FIGURE 10 EU ETHANOL PRODUCTION CAPACITY BY FEEDSTOCK TYPE, 2008 (%) 47
• CONSUMPTION 48
• TABLE 13 ETHANOL CONSUMPTION IN THE EU, BY COUNTRY, 2008 (MIILION GALS.) 48
• FIGURE 11 ETHANOL CONSUMPTION IN THE EU, BY COUNTRY, 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 48
• BIODIESEL 49
• TABLE 14 EU BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2002 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 49
• FIGURE 12 EU BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2002 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 49
• TABLE 15 EU BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2008 (MGY) 50
• FIGURE 13 EU BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2008 (%) 50
• PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK 51
• TABLE 16 EU BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK, 2008 (MGY) 51
• FIGURE 14 EU BIODIESEL PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK, 2008 (%) 52
• CONSUMPTION 52
• STRAIGHT VEGETABLE OIL 52
• TABLE 17 CONSUMPTION OF SVO AS A BIOFUEL IN THE EU, 2006 - 2008 (MGY) 53
• FIGURE 15 CONSUMPTION OF SVO AS A BIOFUEL IN THE EU, 2006 - 2012 (MGY) 53
• GERMANY 53
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 53
• TABLE 18 GERMAN BIOFUELS USE MANDATES, 2007 - 2015 (%) 54
• INCENTIVES 54
• ETHANOL 54
• BIODIESEL 55
• TABLE 19 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN GERMANY, 2008 (MGY) 55
• FISCHER-TROPSCH DIESEL 56
• BIOMETHANOL 56
• FRANCE 56
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 57
• TABLE 20 BIOFUEL INCORPORATION TARGETS IN FRANCE, 2005 - 2010 57
• INCENTIVES 57
• TABLE 21 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION QUOTAS IN FRANCE, 2003 - 2010 (1,000 MT) 57
• FIGURE 16 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION QUOTAS IN FRANCE, 2003 - 2010 (1,000 MT) 58
• TABLE 22 TAX CUTS FOR BIOFUELS IN FRANCE, 2005 - 2012 ($/GAL.) 58
• FIGURE 17 TAX CUTS FOR BIOFUELS IN FRANCE, 2005 - 2012 ($/GAL.) 59
• BIODIESEL 59
• TABLE 23 BIODIESEL PRODUCERS IN FRANCE, EXISTING AND PLANNED CAPACITY, 2009 (MGY) 60
• TABLE 24 FRENCH BIODIESEL PLANTS BASED OUTSIDE FRANCE: APPROVED FOR REDUCED TAX BENEFITS 60
• TABLE 24 (CONTINUED) 61
• ETHANOL 61
• TABLE 25 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION IN FRANCE, 2004 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 61
• FIGURE 18 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION IN FRANCE, 2004 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 62
• TABLE 26 ETHANOL PLANTS IN FRANCE, EXISTING AND PLANNED, 2009 (MGY) 62
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 63
• FISCHER-TROPSCH DIESEL 63
• ITALY 63
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 63
• INCENTIVES 64
• FIGURE 19 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION QUOTAS IN ITALY, 2004 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 64
• BIODIESEL 64
• TABLE 27 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN ITALY, OPERATING AND PLANNED, THROUGH 2009 (MGY) 65
• ETHANOL 65
• TABLE 28 ETHANOL PLANTS IN ITALY, OPERATING AND PLANNED, 2009 (MGY) 66
• PORTUGAL 66
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 66
• INCENTIVES 66
• BIODIESEL 67
• TABLE 29 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN PORTUGAL, EXISTING AND PLANNED, 2009 (MGY) 67
• BIOFUELS PRODUCTION 68
• TABLE 30 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION IN PORTUGAL, 2002 - 2008 (MGY) 68
• FIGURE 20 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION IN PORTUGAL, 2002 - 2008 (MGY) 68
• TABLE 31 ETHANOL PLANTS IN PORTUGAL, 2008 69
• SPAIN 69
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 69
• INCENTIVES 69
• BIODIESEL 69
• TABLE 32 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND EXPORT IN SPAIN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 70
• FIGURE 21 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND EXPORT IN SPAIN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 70
• TABLE 33 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN SPAIN, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 71
• TABLE 33 (CONTINUED) 72
• TABLE 33 (CONTINUED) 73
• TABLE 34 BIODIESEL PROJECTS IN DEVELOPMENT IN SPAIN, 2009 (MGY) 74
• ETHANOL 74
• TABLE 35 ETHANOL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND EXPORT IN SPAIN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 75
• FIGURE 22 ETHANOL PRODUCTION, CO NSUMPTION, AND EXPORT IN SPAIN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 75
• TABLE 36 ETHANOL PLANTS IN SPAIN, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 76
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 76
• TABLE 37 ORGANIZATIONS SUPPORTING SPANISH BIOFUELS USE 76
• POLAND 77
• INCENTIVES 77
• BIODIESEL 77
• TABLE 38 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN POLAND, 2003 - 2008 (MGY) 78
• FIGURE 23 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN POLAND, 2003 - 2008 (MGY) 78
• TABLE 39 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN POLAND, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 79
• ETHANOL 79
• TABLE 40 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN POLAND, 2002 - 2008 (MGY) 79
• FIGURE 24 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN POLAND, 2003 - 2008 (MGY) 80
• TABLE 41 ETHANOL PLANTS IN POLAND, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 80
• BENELUX 81
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 81
• INCENTIVES 81
• BIOFUELS PRODUCTION IN THE BENELUX 82
• The Netherlands 82
• TABLE 42 IOFUELS PLANTS IN THE NETHERLANDS, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 82
• Belgium 83
• TABLE 43 BIOFUEL PLANTS IN BELGIUM, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 83
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 83
• BIOMETHANOL 84
• ALGAE-BASED BIODIESEL 84
• HUNGARY 84
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 84
• INCENTIVES 85
• ETHANOL 85
• TABLE 44 BIOFUELS PLANTS IN HUNGARY, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 85
• R&D 86
• SWEDEN 86
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 86
• INCENTIVES 86
• ETHANOL 87
• TABLE 45 ETHANOL PRODUCERS IN SWEDEN, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 87
• BIODIESEL 88
• TABLE 46 BIODIESEL PRODUCERS IN SWEDEN, 2009 (MGY) 88
• BIOFUEL IMPORTS, EXPORTS 88
• BIOFUELS PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK 89
• TABLE 47 FEEDSTOCKS USED FOR BIOFUELS IN SWEDEN BY FUEL TYPE, 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 89
• FIGURE 25 FEEDSTOCKS USED FOR BIOFUELS IN SWEDEN BY FEEDSTOCK, 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 90
• TABLE 48 BIOFUELS PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND TRADE IN SWEDEN (MILLION LITERS) 90
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 91
• BIO-DME 91
• BIOMETHANOL 91
• NEXT-GENERATION BIODIESEL 92
• RUSSIAN FEDERATION 92
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 92
• INCENTIVES 93
• TABLE 49 BIOFUEL PLANTS IN RUSSIA, EXISTING AND UNDER CONSTRUCTION, APRIL 2008 (1,000 GAL./ACRE) 93
• ETHANOL 94
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 94
• BIODIESEL 94
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 95
• CZECH REPUBLIC 95
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 96
• INCENTIVES 96
• BIOFUELS PRODUCTION 96
• TABLE 50 BIOFUELS PLANTS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC, EXISTING, PLANNED, AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 97
• UNITED KINGDOM 97
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 97
• INCENTIVES 98
• THE GALLAGHER REPORT 98
• ETHANOL 98
• TABLE 51 ETHANOL PLANTS IN THE U.K., EXISTING, PLANNED, AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 99
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 99
• BIODIESEL 100
• TABLE 52 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN THE U.K., EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 100
• BIOBUTANOL 100
• VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN THE EU 100
• PRODUCTION LEVELS 101
• ETHANOL 101
• BIODIESEL 102
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 102
• NEXT-GENERATION BIOFUELS 103
• BIOFUELS MARKETS IN INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES 103
• GERMANY 103
• FRANCE 104
• SPAIN 105
• ITALY 106
• SWEDEN 106
• PORTUGAL 107
• U.K. 107
• BENELUX 107
• HUNGARY 108
• POLAND 108
• RUSSIAN FEDERATION 109
• CZECH REPUBLIC 109
• FUEL PRICES 109
• TABLE 53 PROJECTED VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN THE EU BY FUEL TYPE, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 110
• FIGURE 26 PROJECTED VALUE OF THE EU BIOFUELS MARKET BY FUEL TYPE, 2002 - 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 111

Chapter-7: SOUTH AMERICAN BIOFUEL MARKET 31

• TABLE 67 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION, 2002 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 143
• TABLE 68 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN THE ASIA PACIFIC REGION, 2002 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 144
• CHINA 144
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 144
• INCENTIVES 145
• ETHANOL 145
• TABLE 69 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN CHINA, 2003 - 2008 (MGY/%) 146
• FIGURE 39 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN CHINA, 2003 - 2008 (MGY) 146
• ETHANOL PRODUCTION BY FEEDSTOCK 146
• TABLE 70 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN CHINA, BY FEEDSTOCK TYPE, 2009 (%) 147
• FIGURE 40 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN CHINA, BY FEEDSTOCK TYPE, 2009 (%) 147
• ETHANOL PRODUCERS 148
• TABLE 71 ETHANOL PLANTS IN CHINA, IN OPERATION, 2007 (MGY) 148
• CHINESE ETHANOL EXPORTS, IMPORTS 148
• TABLE 72 CHINESE ETHANOL EXPORTS BY COUNTRY, 2002 - 2006 (MILLION GALS.) 148
• TABLE 72 (CONTINUED) 149
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 149
• BIODIESEL 149
• BIO-DME 150
• TAIWAN 151
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 151
• BIODIESEL 151
• ETHANOL 152
• INDIA 152
• LEGAL FRAMEWORK 152
• INCENTIVES 153
• ETHANOL 154
• TABLE 73 ETHANOL PLANTS IN INDIA, EXISTING AND UNDER CONSTRUCTION, 2009 (MGY) 154
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 154
• BIODIESEL 155
• PRODUCTION 155
• BIOFUELS R&D 156
• THAILAND 156
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 156
• TABLE 74 PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND TRADE OF BIOFUELS IN THAILAND, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 157
• FIGURE 41 PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION OF BIOFUELS IN THAILAND, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 157
• TABLE 75 BIOFUEL PRODUCTION IN THAILAND, BY FEEDSTOCK, 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 158
• FIGURE 42 BIOFUEL PRODUCTION IN THAILAND, BY FEEDSTOCK, 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 158
• ETHANOL 159
• TABLE 76 ETHANOL PLANTS IN THAILAND, EXISTING AND IN CONSTRUCTION, 2008 (MGY) 159
• Exports 160
• BIODIESEL 160
• TABLE 77 EXISTING BIODIESEL PLANTS IN THAILAND, 2008 (MGY) 160
• VIETNAM 161
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 161
• ETHANOL 161
• BIODIESEL 161
• MALAYSIA 162
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 162
• INCENTIVES 163
• BIODIESEL 163
• INDONESIA 163
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 164
• INCENTIVES 164
• ETHANOL 164
• TABLE 78 ETHANOL PLANTS IN INDONESIA, EXISTING, UNDER CONSTRUCTION, AND PROPOSED, 2008 (MGY) 165
• BIODIESEL 166
• TABLE 79 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN INDONESIA, EXISTING, UNDER CONSTRUCTION, AND PROPOSED, 2009 (MGY) 166
• TABLE 79 (CONTINUED) 167
• KOREA 167
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 167
• INCENTIVES 168
• TABLE 80 SCHEDULED BIODIESEL PRODUCTION AND TAX EXEMPTION IN KOREA, 2008-2017 168
• BIODIESEL 168
• TABLE 81 REGISTERED BIODIESEL PLANTS IN KOREA, 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 169
• TABLE 82 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION IN KOREA, 2002 - 2008 (MGY) 170
• FIGURE 43 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION IN KOREA, 2002 - 2008 (MGY) 170
• ETHANOL 170
• PHILIPPINES 170
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 171
• INCENTIVES 171
• BIODIESEL 171
• ETHANOL 172
• JAPAN 172
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 173
• INCENTIVES 173
• ETHANOL 173
• TABLE 83 ETHANOL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND TRADE IN JAPAN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 174
• FIGURE 44 ETHANOL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND EXPORTS IN JAPAN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 174
• BIODIESEL 175
• TABLE 84 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND TRADE IN JAPAN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 176
• FIGURE 45 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION, AND CONSUMPTION IN JAPAN, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 176
• BIOFUEL R&D 176
• TABLE 85 JAPANESE GOVERNMENT SUPPORTED ETHANOL VERIFICATION PROJECTS, 2009 (MILLION GALS.) 177
• SINGAPORE 178
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 178
• BIODIESEL 178
• AUSTRALIA 179
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 179
• INCENTIVES 179
• ETHANOL 180
• TABLE 86 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN AUSTRALIA, 2003 - 2008 (MGY) 180
• FIGURE 46 ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN AUSTRALIA, 2003 - 2008 (MGY) 181
• TABLE 87 EXISTING AND PROPOSED ETHANOL PLANTS IN AUSTRALIA, 2008 (MGY) 181
• TABLE 87 (CONTINUED) 182
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 182
• BIODIESEL 183
• TABLE 88 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN AUSTRALIA, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 183
• FIGURE 47 BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN AUSTRALIA, 2003 - 2008 (MILLION GALS.) 183
• TABLE 89 BIODIESEL PLANTS IN AUSTRALIA, EXISTING, IN CONSTRUCTION, AND PLANNED, 2009 (MGY) 184
• NEW ZEALAND 185
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 185
• TABLE 90 NEW MANDATORY SALES TARGETS FOR NEW ZEALAND, 2008 - 2012 185
• INCENTIVES 186
• ETHANOL 186
• CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 186
• BIODIESEL 186
• NEXT-GENERATION BIODIESEL 187
• OTHER FUELS 187
• VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN ASIA/THE PACIFIC RIM 187
• CHINA 188
• Ethanol Market 188
• Cellulosic Ethanol 189
• Biodiesel Market 189
• "Other Fuels" Market 190
• TAIWAN 190
• INDIA 190
• Ethanol Market 190
• Biodiesel Market 191
• THAILAND 192
• SOUTH KOREA 192
• JAPAN 192
• INDONESIA 193
• SINGAPORE 194
• THE PHILIPPINES 194
• MALAYSIA 195
• AUSTRALIA 195
• NEW ZEALAND 195
• FUEL PRICES 196
• TABLE 91 PROJECTED VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN ASIA/THE PACIFIC RIM, BY FUEL TYPE, THROUGH 2013 (MGY) 196
• FIGURE 48 PROJECTED VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN ASIA/THE PACIFIC RIM, BY FUEL TYPE, THROUGH 2013 (MGY) 197

Chapter-8: BIOFUEL MARKET IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC RIM 55

Chapter-9: BIOFUEL MARKET IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA 5

• SOUTH AFRICA 198
• LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 198
• INCENTIVES 199
• ETHANOL 199
• TABLE 92 BIOFUELS PLANTS AND PROJECTS IN SOUTH AFRICA, 2008 (MGY) 200
• ISRAEL 200
• VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN THE MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA 200
• FUEL PRICES 201
• TABLE 93 PROJECTED VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA BY FUEL TYPE, THROUGH 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 201
• FIGURE 49 PROJECTED VALUE OF THE BIOFUELS MARKET THE MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA, BY FUEL TYPE, 2008 AND 2013 ($ MILLIONS) 202

Chapter-10: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 135

• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 203

COMPANY PROFILES 204

• 3B BIOFUELS GMBH & CO. KG 204
• ABENGOA 205
• ABENCS 206
• ABS BIODIESEL 206
• ACCIONA ENERGY 207
• AEKYUNG PETROCHEMICAL CO., LTD. 207
• AGRI-ENERGY 207
• AGROETANOL AB 208
• AGROINVEST S.A. 208
• AGROPODNIK 208
• A.I. ENERGY CO., LTD. 209
• ALCO BIO FUEL 209
• ALCOPLUS 209
• ALENSYS (ALTERNATIVE ENERGIESYSTEME) AG 210
• ALFA LAVAL 210
• ALGAE FUEL SYSTEMS 210
• ALGAELINK 211
• ALGAEWHEEL, INC. 211
• ALGALOILDIESEL, LLP 212
• ALGODYNE ETHANOL ENERGY CORP. 212
• ALLIED RENEWABLE ENERGY, LLC 212
• ALTERNATIVE FUELS CORP. 213
• ALTO ALEGRE 213
• AMBROSIA OILS (1976), LTD. 214
• AMELOT HOLDINGS 214
• AMYRIS FUELS, INC. 214
• ANCHOR ETHANOL 215
• ANHUI BBCA BIOCHEMICAL CO. 215
• AQUAFLOW BIONOMIC 216
• AQUATIC ENERGY, LLC 216
• ARCHER DANIELS MIDLAND CO. 217
• ARGENT ENERGY, LTD. 217
• ARGOS OIL 218
• ASTON 218
• AUSTRALIAN BIODIESEL GROUP, LTD. (ABG) 218
• BABCOCK & BROWN 219
• BANGCHAK PETROLEUM, PLC 219
• BANGKOK RENEWABLE ENERGY CO., LTD. 220
• BASHNEFT-YUG 220
• BASF CORP. 220
• BERCAM S.L. DE LOS YEBENES 220
• BIOCARBURANTES DE CASTILLA (BIOCAST) 221
• BIOCARBURANTES DE CASTILLA Y LEON 221
• BIOCARBURANTES EUROPA 221
• BIOCEMSA 222
• BIOCOM ENERGIA 222
• BIOCOM PISUERGA 222
• BIODIESEL ANDALUCIA 2004 (BIDA) 222
• BIODIESEL CASTILLA-LA MANCHA (BIODIESEL CLM) 223
• BIODIESEL INDUSTRIES 223
• BIODIESEL KAMPEN 224
• BIODIESEL KYRITZ 224
• BIODIESEL NEW ZEALAND 224
• BIODIESEL INTERNATIONAL AG (BDI) 225
• BIODIESEL PALDISKI ESTONIA AS 225
• BIODIESEL PRODUCERS, LTD. (BPL) 225
• BIO-DRIVEN, LTD. 226
• BIOENERGETICA EXTREMENA 2020 (BIONEX) 226
• BIO ENERGY PLUS CO., LTD. 226
• BIOENGINEERING RESOURCES, INC. 226
• BIOETANOL DE GALICIA 227
• BIOETANOL DE LA MANCHA 227
• BIOFUEL 227
• BIOFUELING 228
• BIOFUEL SYSTEMS 228
• BIOGOLD FUELS CORP. 228
• BIOMETHANOL CHEMIE HOLDING 229
• BIONET EUROPA S.L. (REUS) 229
• BIONOR TRANSFORMACION 230
• BIONORTE 230
• BIOOILS ENERGY 231
• BIOPETROL INDUSTRIES AG 231
• BIORO NV 231
• BIOVALUE HOLDING 232
• BIO-VENTA, LTD. 232
• BIOVERDA 232
• BIOX CORP. 233
• BLUEFIRE ETHANOL 234
• BND ENERGY 234
• BP BIOFUELS 235
• BRASCO GROUP 236
• BRATNEY COMPANIES 236
• BRAZIL RENEWABLE ENERGY CO. (BRENCO) 236
• BRITISH SUGAR, PLC 237
• BUNGE 237
• CAFFARO BIOFUEL S.R.L. 238
• CAMPA-BIODIESEL 238
• CARGILL, INC. 238
• CARLOS LYRA GROUP 239
• CAVITATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 239
• CELLANA 239
• CENTRAL EU BIOFUELS HUNGARY KFT 240
• CENTRE OUEST CEREALES 240
• CENTRISYS CORP. 241
• CERRADINHO 241
• CHEMREZ TECHNOLOGIES 241
• CHINA CLEAN ENERGY, INC. 242
• CHINA RESOURCES ALCOHOL CORP. 242
• CHOREN INDUSTRIES 243
• CILION 243
• CLEALCO ACUCAR E ALCOOL S.A. 243
• COBALT BIOFUELS 244
• CODEXIS, INC. 244
• COMBUNET 245
• COMBUSTIBLES ECOLOGICOS BIOTEL 245
• COMLUBE S.R.L. 245
• COMPANIA ESPANOLA DE PETROLEOS, S.A. (CEPSA) 245
• COSAN GROUP 246
• COSKATA, INC. 246
• CROP ENERGIES 247
• CRYSTALSEV 247
• CRISTANOL 248
• CSR, LTD. 248
• CTI BIOFUELS, LLC 248
• D1 OILS 249
• DAKA BIODIESEL 249
• DALBY BIO-REFINERY, LTD. (DBRL) 250
• DANISCO A/S 250
• Danisco U.S., Inc., Genencor Division 250
• DANSUK INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. 251
• CH. DAUDRUY VAN CAUWENBERGHE & FILS (DVC) 251
• DEDINI S.A. INDUSTRIAS DE BASE 251
• DELTA-T CORP. 252
• DESMET BALLESTRA 253
• DIESTER INDUSTRIE 253
• DIRECT-HOLDING 254
• DISA CORP. 254
• DIVERSIFIED ENERGY CORP. 254
• DMF BIODIESEL 255
• DOMSJO FABRIKER AB 255
• DOSCHEM 256
• DOUBLE A ETHANOL 256
• DOW HALTERMANN CUSTOM PROCESSING 256
• DP LUBRIFICANTS 257
• DUNA DEVELOPMENT 257
• DYADIC INTERNATIONAL 257
• EARL' S NOOK, LTD. 258
• EBRO PULEVA 258
• E-CANE FUEL CORP. 258
• ECODASA 259
• ECOENERTECH CO., LTD 259
• ECOMOTION 260
• ECOPROMA MONTALBO 260
• ECOSON 261
• ECO TECH BIODIESEL AUSTRALIA, LTD. 261
• EDENIQ 261
• EFKO GROUP 262
• EKARAT PATTANA CO. 262
• ELIN BIOFUELS S.A. 262
• ELSTAR OILS 263
• ENERGIGARDARNA 263
• ENERKEM 263
• ENERTECH CO., LTD. 264
• ENSUS 264
• ENTABAN 264
• EOP BIODIESEL 265
• EQUIPAV 265
• ES POWER 265
• EVONIK INDUSTRIES 266
• FAGEN, INC. 266
• FHA-KWANTIP CO., LTD. 267
• FLOTTWEG 267
• FOX PETROLI 267
• FUTURE FUELS 268
• GDR BIOCARBURANTI 268
• GEA GROUP 268
• GLOBAL GREEN SOLUTIONS 269
• GOES ON GREEN, LTD. 269
• GOLDEN HOPE PLANTATIONS 270
• GRACE DAVISON 270
• GRAINOL, LTD. 271
• GREEN BIOFUELS IRELAND, LTD. 271
• GREEN BIOLOGICS, LTD. 271
• GREEN FUEL 272
• GREEN POWER CORP. 273
• GREEN SPIRIT FUELS, LTD. 273
• GREENENERGY INTERNATIONAL, LTD. 273
• GREENERGY BIOFUELS 274
• GREENFUEL TECHNOLOGIES CORP. 274
• GREENLINE INDUSTRIES 274
• GRUPO ACTIVOS 275
• GRUPO ECOLOGICA NATURAL (GEN) 275
• GUSHAN ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY 276
• HALDOR TOPSOE 276
• HENAN TIANGUAN FUEL ETHANOL CO. 277
• HIELSCHER ULTRASONICS GMBH 277
• HR BIOPETROLEUM 277
• IBEROL NUTASA 278
• I.E.C. BUSINESS PARTNERS 278
• IMPRESS TECHNOLOGY 279
• INEOS ENTERPRISES, LTD. 279
• INFINITA RENOVABLES 280
• INFINITY BIO-ENERGY 280
• INVENTURE CHEMICAL 280
• IOGEN CORP. 281
• ITAL BI OIL S.R.L. 281
• ITALIA ZUCCHERI 282
• ITAMARATI (UISA) 282
• JFE HOLDINGS 282
• JOAO LYRA GROUP 283
• J&S ENERGY S.A. 283
• JILIN FUEL ETHANOL CO. 284
• KATZEN INTERNATIONAL, INC. 284
• KAYA ENERGY CO., LTD. 285
• KELSTEIN B.V. 285
• KHON KEAN ALCOHOL 285
• KIOR, INC. 286
• KREIDO BIOFUELS 286
• LANTMANNEN 287
• LA SEDA DE BARCELONA 287
• LAXMI ORGANIC INDUSTRIES 288
• LESAFFRE GROUP 288
• Fermentis 288
• LINARES BIODIESEL TECHNOLOGIES 289
• LIVE FUELS, INC. 289
• LOSONOCO 289
• LOTOS CZECHOWICE 290
• LOUIS DREYFUS COMMODITIES 290
• LS9, INC. 291
• LURGI GMBH 291
• MAGYAR BIOENERGETIKAI (MABIO) 292
• MANILDRA ETHANOL CORP. 292
• MANNHEIM BIO FUEL GMBH 292
• MASCOMA CORP. 293
• MECS, INC. 293
• METASINTEZ 294
• METHES ENERGIES INTERNATIONAL, LTD. 294
• MOL GROUP 294
• MYTHEN 295
• GRUPO NATURA BIOCOMBUSTIBLES S.L. 295
• NATURAL ENERGY WEST (NEW) 295
• NATURAL FUEL, LTD. 296
• NCP BIOFUELS PTY., LTD. 296
• NEOCHIM 297
• NESTE OIL OYJ 297
• Neste Renewable Fuels Oy 297
• NORDISK ETANOLPRODUKTION AB 298
• NOVA AMERICA S.A. 298
• NOVOZYMES 299
• NYKOMB SYNERGETICS 299
• OIL B S.R.L. 300
• OIL FOX 300
• OJSC PAVA 301
• OKO-LINE HUNGARY KFT. 301
• OLEARIA OLIMPO 301
• OLEON NV 302
• OXON ENERGIA MEZZANA (OXEM) 302
• P.S.C. STARCH PRODUCTS 302
• PATHUM VEGETABLE OIL CO., LTD. 303
• PERMOLEX INTERNATIONAL 303
• PERSTORP BIOPRODUCTS 303
• PETROBRAS (PETROLEO BRASILEIRO) 304
• PETROESTRY 304
• PETRO GREEN CO., LTD. 304
• PETROSUN, INC. 305
• PETROTEC GMBH 305
• POET BIOREFINING 306
• POLIOLI 306
• PPUH SOLVENT DWORY 307
• PRAJ INDUSTRIES, LTD. 307
• PREEM PETROLEUM 308
• PREOL 308
• PRIMAFUEL 308
• PRIMARY ENERGY PTY., LTD. 309
• PRIO ADVANCED FUELS 309
• PROVIRON FINE CHEMICALS NV 309
• PURSUIT DYNAMICS, PLC 310
• QTEROS 310
• RAFINERIA TRZEBINIA 311
• RAINBOW NATION RENEWABLE FUELS (PTY.), LTD. 311
• RANGE FUELS 312
• RAPID OIL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 312
• REPSOL YPF 312
• RHEINISCHE BIO ESTER GMBH & CO. KG (RBE) 313
• ROCKY POINT DISTILLERY 313
• ROHM AND HAAS CO. 313
• ROQUETTE FRERES 314
• ROSSI BIOFUEL 314
• ROYAL NEDALCO 315
• RUSBIO-DIESEL 315
• SFIR GROUP (SOCIETA FONDIARIA INDUSTRIALE ROMAGNOLA) 315
• SAFER ENERGY 316
• SAMWOO OIL CHEMICAL CO., LTD. 316
• SAN CARLOS BIOENERGY 316
• SAO MARTINHO GROUP 317
• SARP INDUSTRIES (VEOLIA) 317
• SICA ATLANTIQUE 317
• SEAMBIOTIC, LTD. 318
• SEKAB 318
• SHAVAL BIODIESEL 319
• SIYANDA BIO-DIESEL (PTY.), LTD. 319
• SK CHEMICALS 320
• SKOTAN SA BIOPALIWA 320
• SMORGON FUELS PTY., LTD. 320
• SNC LAVALIN 321
• SNIACE S.A. 321
• SOLAZYME 322
• SOLENA GROUP 322
• SOLIX BIOFUELS 322
• SOOKSOMBOON ENERGY CO., LTD. 323
• SOS CUETARA S.A. 323
• SOUFFLET GROUP 323
• STOCKS DEL VALLES S.A. 324
• SUD-CHEMIE AG 324
• SUNOPTA 325
• SUN TECH PALM OIL CO., LTD. 325
• TATE & LYLE, PLC 326
• TEREOS 326
• THAI AGRO ENERGY CO., LTD. 326
• THAI ALCOHOL PUBLIC CO., LTD. 327
• THAI NGUAN ETHANOL 327
• THAI OLEO CHEMICALS 327
• THAI ROONG RUANG GROUP 328
• THAI SUGAR ETHANOL CO., LTD. 328
• TIANGUAN FUEL-ETHANOL CO. 328
• TITAN GROUP 329
• TMO RENEWABLES, LTD. 329
• T.H.H. GROUP 330
• TRANSPORTES CEFERINO MARTINEZ 330
• TRIERA S.P.A. 330
• UNIOL AS 330
• URIEL INVERSIONES 331
• USACUCAR 331
• VALCENT/VERTIGRO ENERGY 331
• VELOCYS, INC. 332
• VERBIO VEREINIGTE BIOENERGIE AG 332
• VERENIUM CORP. 333
• VIRENT ENERGY SYSTEMS 333
• VIRGOLINO DE OLIVEIRA S.A. ACUCAR E ALCOOL 334
• VIPOIL-AGRO 334
• VIREOL 335
• VIRALCOOL 335
• VIVERGO FUELS, LTD. 335
• VOGELBUSCH GMBH 336
• WEERASUWAN CO., LTD. 336
• YUGTRANSITSERVIS 336
• ZEACHEM, INC. 337
• ZILLO LORENZETTI (ZILOR) 337

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