Market Research Report

Lactose
cover Published by Global Industry Analysts, Inc.
Published Product code 240163
Content info Pages: 197
Price

Introduction

Abstract

Description

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Lactose in US$ Million by the following end-use applications: Pharmaceuticals, Food & Beverages, Confectionery, and Others (Cosmetics, Detergents, Surfactants etc). The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and Latin America. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2009 through 2017. Also, a six-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. The report profiles 33 companies including many key and niche players such as Bayerische Milchindustrie eG, Davisco Foods International, Inc., DMV International Pharma, DFE Pharma, FrieslandCampina, Glanbia Foods Inc., Hilmar Ingredients, Leprino Foods, Molkerei MEGGLE Wasserburg GmbH & Co. KG, and Saputo Inc., Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

  • Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations
    • Disclaimers
  • Data Interpretation & Reporting Level
    • Quantitative Techniques & Analytics
  • Product Scope and Segmentation

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. GLOBAL MARKET OVERVIEW AND ANALYSIS

  • Outlook
  • Increasing Number of Inhalation Products Boost Inhalation Grade Lactose
  • Lactose Market in Retrospect
  • Future Prospects in the Global Lactose Market
  • Global Lactose Production
    • Table 1: Global Lactose Production by Geographic Region: 2011 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

2. PRODUCT OVERVIEW

  • Types of Lactose
  • Edible Grade Lactose
  • Pharmaceutical Grade Lactose
    • Product Description
  • Inhalation-Grade Lactose
    • Table 2: Standard Components in Edible and Pharmaceutical Grade Lactose (% Share)
  • Production Process
  • Structure
    • Table 3: Physical Properties of Lactose
    • Table 4: Typical Composition of Raw Milk: Water, Milkfat, Protein, Lactose, and Minerals (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 5: Lactose Content in Milk - Human Milk and Low-Fat Cow's Milk (Per Liter) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 6: Standard Composition in Different Milk Products (Percentage Share)
    • Table 7: Comparative Levels of Sweetness of Food Elements- Aspartame, Fructose, Hydrolysed, sucrose, HFCS (55% fructose), Sucrose, HFCS (42% fructose) a, Glucose, Hydrolysed lactose, Galactose, Glucose syrup 97 DE, High-conversion syrup 65 DE, Maltose, Glucose syrup 42 DE, Maltose syrup 44 DE, Lactose, Raffinose, and Glucose syrup 11 DE (Sweetness Comparison Considering Solids and Weight)
  • End-Uses
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Food & Beverages
    • Applications in Food Sector
      • Benefits
  • Confectionery
    • Table 8: Typical Composition of a Milk Chocolate - Sucrose, Cocoa Butter, Non Fat Dry Milk, Butteroil, Cocoa Liquor, Lecithin, and Vanillin (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
  • Other Uses
  • Lactose Derivatives
    • Lactitol
    • Lactulose
    • Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)
    • Permeate
    • Mineral-Concentrated Whey
    • Milk Calcium
    • Hydrolyzed Lactose Syrup
    • Tagatose
  • Lactobionic Acid
  • Lactose: Primary By-Product of Whey
    • Whey and its Applications
  • Functional Features of Whey Products
    • Lactose
    • Whey Powders
    • WPC -80
    • WPC-34
    • Milk Calcium
    • Sweet Whey
    • Bioactive Proteins
    • Demineralized Whey Products
    • Whey Protein Isolates
    • Milk Protein Concentrate
    • Table 9: Standard Composition in Milk Protein Concentrate (MPC) (Percentage Share) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
  • Specialty Whey Protein Ingredients
    • Table 10: Standard Composition in Whey Protein Concentrate (WPC) (Percentage Share) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
  • A Focus on Lactose Intolerance
    • Inability to Digest Lactose
    • Table 11: Lactose Absorption Levels in Select Groups (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • More Prevalent in Asians, Africans and Latin Americans
    • Lactose Intolerance Among Infants
    • Forms of Lactose Intolerance
    • Pathophysiology

3. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY

  • DMV-Fonterra Excipients Acquires Domo Pharma
  • Milk Specialties Acquires Protient Facility
  • Sheffield Bio-science Introduces LubriTose
  • Pfizer Acquires Wyeth
  • ABF Merges two Business Divisions
  • DAVISCO Foods and MEGGLE Group to Collaborate to Produce Pharmaceutical Lactose
  • Finlandia Adopts New Corporate Name
  • Volac Expands UK Facility
  • Chr Hansen/Novozymes Strategic Alliance Launches Product that Converts Lactose to LBA

4. STRATEGIC CORPORATE DEVELOPMENTS - A HISTORIC PERSPECTIVE BUILDER

  • Friesland Foods and Campina Merge Operations
  • China-Biotics Signs Contract with Jiangxi Lijia for Supply of Probiotics
  • Fonterra to Construct New Plant
  • Kesko Food to Introduce Pirkka Dairy Products
  • MaggieMoo's International Unveils New Range of Lactose Free Products
  • Skanemejerier to Purchase Stake in Logismose Mejeri
  • Nestle to Reinforce its Presence in India
  • Friesland Foods Domo Opens Borculo Plant
  • Friesland Foods Domo Chooses IMCD
  • DMV-Fonterra Excipients Opens New Research Center
  • DMV International Acquires Inovatech Argentina
  • DMV International Enters into Joint Venture with Vitalus
  • Campina and Fonterra Enter into Joint Venture

5. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS

  • Bayerische Milchindustrie eG
  • Davisco Foods International Inc. (USA)
  • DMV International Pharma (The Netherlands)
  • DFE Pharma (Germany)
  • FrieslandCampina (The Netherlands)
  • Glanbia Foods Inc. (USA)
  • Hilmar Ingredients (US)
  • Leprino Foods (US)
  • Molkerei MEGGLE Wasserburg GmbH & Co. KG
  • Saputo Inc. (Canada)

6. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE

    • Table 12: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 13: World Historic Review for Lactose by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 14: World 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 15: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose in Pharmaceuticals by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 16: World Historic Review for Lactose in Pharmaceuticals by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific,(excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 17: World 15-Year Perspective for Lactose in Pharmaceuticals by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 18: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose in Food by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 19: World Historic Review for Lactose in Food by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia- Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 20: World 15-Year Perspective for Lactose in Food by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 21: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose in Confectionery by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 22: World Historic Review for Lactose in Confectionery by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 23: World 15-Year Perspective for Lactose in Confectionery by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 24: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose in Other End-Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 25: World Historic Review for Lactose in Other End-Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 26: World 15-Year Perspective for Lactose in Other End-Uses by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia- Pacific, (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin America Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

III. MARKET

1. THE UNITED STATES

  • A. Market Analysis
    • Dairy Industry amid the Downturn
    • Market Snapshots
    • Lactose Intolerance in the US
    • Table 27: Lactose Intolerance by Racial Group in the US (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
  • B. Market Analytics
    • Table 28: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 29: US Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 30: US 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

2. CANADA

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 31: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 32: Canadian Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 33: Canadian 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

3. JAPAN

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 34: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment -Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 35: Japanese Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 36: Japanese 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 and 2017includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4. EUROPE

  • A. Market Analysis
    • Dairy Sector
    • Prospects of Dairy Ingredients
  • B. Market Analytics
    • Table 37: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by Geographic Region - France, Germany, UK, Italy, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 38: European Historic Review for Lactose by Geographic Region - France, Germany, UK, Italy, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 39: European 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown for Value Sales for France, Germany, United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets for the Years 2003, 2011 & 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 40: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery, and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 41: European Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery, and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 42: European 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 and 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4a. FRANCE

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 43: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 44: French Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 45: French 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, and Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4b. GERMANY

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 46: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 47: German Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 48: German 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4c. ITALY

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 49: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 50: Italian Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 51: Italian 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4d. THE UNITED KINGDOM

  • A. Market Analysis
    • Lactose Intolerance
    • Regulatory Environment
  • B. Market Analytics
    • Table 52: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 53: UK Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 54: UK 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4e. SPAIN

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 55: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment- Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 56: Spanish Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 57: Spanish 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4f. RUSSIA

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 58: Russian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 59: Russian Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 60: Russian 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

4g. REST OF EUROPE

  • A. Market Analysis
    • Scandinavia
  • B. Market Analytics
    • Table 61: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 62: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 63: Rest of Europe 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

5. ASIA-PACIFIC

  • A. Market Analysis
    • Outlook
    • India
    • Entry of Australian Dairy Majors to Transform Market Dynamics
    • Korea
    • New Zealand
  • B. Market Analytics
    • Table 64: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 65: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 66: Asia-Pacific 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

6. THE MIDDLE EAST

  • Market Analytics
    • Table 67: Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 68: Middle East Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 69: Middle East 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

7. LATIN AMERICA

  • Market Analysis
    • Table 70: Latin American Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lactose by End Use Segment - pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 71: Latin American Historic Review for Lactose by End Use Segment - Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2003 through 2008(includes corresponding Graph/Chart)
    • Table 72: Latin American 15-Year Perspective for Lactose by End Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Value Sales for Pharmaceuticals, Food, Confectionery and Other End Use Markets for Years 2003, 2011 & 2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)

IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

Lactose published by Global Industry Analysts, Inc. in April 1, 2012. This report consists of Pages: 197 and the price starts from US $ 4500.

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