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Market Research Report
The Economics of Chromium, 11th edition 2009
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The Economics of Chromium, 11th edition 2009 published by Roskill Information Services, Ltd. in May, 2009. This report price starts from US $ 5000.
Abstract
The impact of the downturn on the global economy, starting in mid 2008, had a
marked impact on the chromium market, as both prices and demand plummeted. In
March 2009, European importers paid around USc86/lb for South African
ferro-chrome, some 60% lower than prices (USc213/lb) paid in September 2008.
Demand for chromium over this period has fallen sharply, as demand for
stainless steel, the primary end-use for chromium, has collapsed. However, the
predicted negative outlook for the chromium market in 2009 is likely to be
short lived.
What the report gives you
- Independent, in-depth research and analysis
- Essential market intelligence for successful business planning
- Detailed survey of production and processing in 44 countries
- Up-to-date profiles of the activities of over 150 producing and processing
companies
- Forecasts for end-use consumption and world supply and demand
Report highlights
Around 94% of global chromite production is destined for use in the
metallurgical industry, for the production of ferro-chrome, with the remainder
produced for use in the foundry, chemical and refractory sectors. World mine
production of chromite therefore follows the pattern of world ferro-chrome
production. Around 70% of global chromite production is consumed domestically
in ferro-chrome production in the country of origin.
Three countries dominate output of ferro-chrome. In 2008, South Africa,
Kazakhstan and India accounted for around 67% of total world production,
declining slightly from 70% in 2002. However, while the largest ferro-chrome
producers continue to dominate the market, Chinese production has started to
increase rapidly. At around 1.5Mt in 2008, Chinese ferro-chrome production has
grown at an annual average rate of 28% per year, for the period 2002 to 2008.
The stainless steel industry is by far the largest consumer of ferro-chrome.
Until the beginning of the downturn in the global economy, stainless steel
production had shown large increases. Demand in developing countries such as
China and India helped global output increase at an annual average rate of
5.4% for the period 2000 to 2007, with China alone accounting for over 60% of
this rise in global stainless production
Given that South Africa is the leading supplier of ferro-chrome, any changes
to supply have a large impact on the price. In early 2008, South African
production of ferro-chrome was restricted, as producers struggled with a lack
of electricity. Structural problems in the country' s power generation saw
producers operate on a limited basis, which in turn limited the supply of
ferro-chrome on the international market. As stainless producers throughout
the world panic-bought ferro-chrome, demand exceeded supply, pushing prices to
as high as USc213/lb at its peak, over 130% higher than the average price in
2007.
Table of Contents
1. Summary
2. Introduction, occurrence and reserves of chromite
- 2 .1. Occurrence and composition of chromite
- 2 .2. Reserves of chrome ore
3. Mining and processing of chromium
- 3 .1. Mining and processing of chromite
- 3 .1 .1. Grades of chromite
- 3 .2. Processing of ferro-chrome
- 3 .2 .1. Processing of high-carbon ferro-chrome and charge chrome
- 3 .2 .1 .1. Energy efficiency
- 3 .2 .1 .2. Pelletising, sintering and charge pre-heating
technology
- 3 .2 .1 .3. Metal-from-slag recovery
- 3 .2 .2. Processing of low-carbon ferro-chrome
- 3 .2 .3. Grades of ferro-chrome
- 3 .2 .4. Production costs for ferro-chrome
- 3 .3. Processing of chromium metal
- 3 .4. Processing of chromium chemicals
- 3 .4 .1. Environmental concerns over chromium compounds
4. Overveiw of world production of chromium
- 4 .1. World production of chromite
- 4 .1 .1. Structure of the chromite industry
- 4 .1 .2. Chromite production by company
- 4 .1 .3. Future trends in chromite production
- 4 .2. World production of ferro-chrome
- 4 .2 .1. Production of ferro-silico-chrome
- 4 .2 .2. Structure of the ferro-chrome industry
- 4 .2 .3. Ferro-chrome production by grade
- 4 .2 .4. Ferro-chrome production by company
- 4 .2 .5. Future trends in ferro-chrome production
- 4 .3. World production of chromium metal
- 4 .4. World production of chromium chemicals
5. Review of chromium producing and processing countries
- 5 .1. Afghanistan
- 5 .2. Albania
- 5 .2 .1. Producers of chromite in Albania
- 5 .2 .1 .1. Albanian Chrome (ACR)
- 5 .2 .2. Potential producers of chromite in Albania
- 5 .2 .2 .1. Empire Mining
- 5 .3. Argentina
- 5 .3 .1. Producers of chromium chemicals in Argentina
- 5 .3 .1 .1. Bayer Argentina
- 5 .4. Australia
- 5 .4 .1. Production of chromite in Australia
- 5 .4 .2. Producers of chromite in Australia
- 5 .4 .2 .1. Palmary Enterprises
- 5 .4 .3. Potential producers of chromite in Australia
- 5 .4 .3 .1. Warwick Resources
- 5 .5. Belgium
- 5 .6. Brazil
- 5 .6 .1. Production of chromite in Brazil
- 5 .6 .2. Producers of chromite in Brazil
- 5 .6 .2 .1. Cia de Ferro Ligas da Bahia (Ferbasa)
- 5 .6 .2 .2. Magnesita
- 5 .6 .2 .3. Mineracao Vila Nova
- 5 .6 .3. Production of chromium ferroalloys in Brazil
- 5 .6 .4. Producers of chromium ferroalloys in Brazil
- 5 .6 .4 .1. ArcelorMittal Inox Brasil
- 5 .6 .4 .2. Cia de Ferro Ligas da Bahia (Ferbasa)
- 5 .6 .5. Producers of chromium metal in Brazil
- 5 .7. Canada
- 5 .7 .1. Potential producers of chromite in Canada
- 5 .7 .1 .1. Freewest Resources Canada
- 5 .7 .1 .2. Noront Resources
- 5 .7 .1 .3. Resources Minieres Pro-Or
- 5 .8. China
- 5 .8 .1. Supply of chromite in China
- 5 .8 .2. Producers of chromite in China
- 5 .8 .3. Supply of ferro-chrome in China
- 5 .8 .4. Production of ferro-chrome in China
- 5 .8 .5. Trade of ferro-chrome in China
- 5 .8 .6. Producers of ferro-chrome in China
- 5 .8 .6 .1. China Minmetals Corporation
- 5 .8 .6 .2. Dongfeng Ferroalloy Group
- 5 .8 .6 .3. Dragon Northwest Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .4. Fushun ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .5. Jiannanchun Foreign Economic and Trade
- 5 .8 .6 .6. Jilin Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .7. Jinxiang Metallurgical
- 5 .8 .6 .8. Minmetal Hunan Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .9. Mintal Group
- 5 .8 .6 .10. Qinghai Yihui Metallurgical Group
- 5 .8 .6 .11. Ruifeng Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .12. Shanghai Shenjia Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .13. Shanxi Jinzhong Wanbang Industry Trade
- 5 .8 .6 .14. Sichuan Jinguang Group
- 5 .8 .6 .15. Sichuan Mingda Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .6 .16. Sichuan Tianyi Metallurgy Group
- 5 .8 .6 .17. Sichuan Yihui (EHUI) Metallurgy
- 5 .8 .6 .18. Sinosteel
- 5 .8 .6 .19. Tibet Mineral Development
- 5 .8 .6 .20. Wuhai Sanmei International
- 5 .8 .6 .21. Xinjiang Tuoli Taihang Ferroalloys
- 5 .8 .6 .22. Zhejiang Hengjian Ferroalloy
- 5 .8 .7. Potential producers of ferro-chrome in China
- 5 .8 .7 .1. Eti Krom
- 5 .8 .7 .2. Fuqing City Longfu Group
- 5 .8 .7 .3. Guangxi Qinzhou Guixin Metallurgy
- 5 .8 .7 .4. Jiuquan Steel Group
- 5 .8 .7 .5. Lakshmi Metallurgy
- 5 .8 .7 .6. Tsingshan Group
- 5 .8 .8. Production of chromium metal in China
- 5 .8 .9. Producers of chromium metal in China
- 5 .8 .10. Production of chromium chemicals in China
- 5 .8 .11. Producers of chromium chemicals in China
- 5 .8 .11 .1. China National BlueStar Group
- 5 .8 .11 .2. Chongqing Minfeng Chemical
- 5 .8 .11 .3. Hebei Chromate Chemical
- 5 .9. Croatia
- 5 .10. Cuba
- 5 .10 .1. Producers of chromite in Cuba
- 5 .10 .1 .1. Grupo Empresarial Cuban?quel
- 5 .11. Finland
- 5 .11 .1. Integrated producers of chromite and ferro-chrome in
Finland
- 5 .11 .1 .1. Outokumpu Group
- 5 .12. France
- 5 .12 .1. Producers of chromium metal in France
- 5 .12 .1 .1. Delachaux Metaux
- 5 .13. Germany
- 5 .13 .1. Producers of low-carbon ferro-chrome in Germany
- 5 .13 .1 .1. Elektrowerk Weisweiler
- 5 .13 .2. Producers of chromium metal in Germany
- 5 .13 .3. Production of chromium chemicals in Germany
- 5 .14. Greece
- 5 .15. India
- 5 .15 .1. Production of chromite in India
- 5 .15 .2. Producers of chromite in India
- 5 .15 .3. Exports of chromite from India
- 5 .15 .4. Production of ferro-chrome in India
- 5 .15 .5. Producers of ferro-chrome in India
- 5 .15 .6. Exports of ferro-chrome from India
- 5 .15 .7. Integrated and non-integrated producers of chromite and
ferro-chrome in India
- 5 .15 .7 .1. Andhra Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .2. Balasore Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .3. Baroda Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .4. B.C. Mohanty and Sons
- 5 .15 .7 .5. Corporate Ispat Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .6. Cronimet Ferro Alloys (India)
- 5 .15 .7 .7. Deedpack Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .8. DRK Metallurgical
- 5 .15 .7 .9. FACOR Group
- 5 .15 .7 .10. GSN Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .11. IDCOL Ferro Chrome and Alloys Limited (IFCAL)
- 5 .15 .7 .12. India Thermit
- 5 .15 .7 .13. Indian Metals and Ferro Alloys (IMFA)
- 5 .15 .7 .14. Jayesh Group
- 5 .15 .7 .15. Jindal Group
- 5 .15 .7 .16. Karthik Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .17. Latasha Exports
- 5 .15 .7 .18. Maithan Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .19. Misrilall Mines
- 5 .15 .7 .20. Mysore Minerals (MML)
- 5 .15 .7 .21. Nav Chrome
- 5 .15 .7 .22. Nava Bharat Ventures
- 5 .15 .7 .23. Orissa Mining Corporation (OMC)
- 5 .15 .7 .24. Rohit Ferro Tech (RFTL)
- 5 .15 .7 .25. Shah Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .26. Sree Sarda Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .27. Shyam Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .28. Sri Vasavi Industries (SVIL)
- 5 .15 .7 .29. Srinivasa Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .7 .30. Tata Iron and Steel (TISCO)
- 5 .15 .7 .31. VBC Ferro Alloys (VBCVAL)
- 5 .15 .7 .32. Visa Steel
- 5 .15 .8. Potential producers of ferro-chrome in India
- 5 .15 .8 .1. Haritha Ferro Alloys
- 5 .15 .8 .2. Viraj Profiles
- 5 .15 .9. Production of chromium metal in India
- 5 .15 .10. Production of chromium chemicals in India
- 5 .15 .11. Producers of chromium chemicals in India
- 5 .15 .11 .1. Hema Chemical Industries
- 5 .15 .11 .2. Krebs and Cei (India) Chemical Works Division
- 5 .15 .11 .3. Lords Chemicals
- 5 .15 .11 .4. Tamil Nadu Chromates and Chemicals (TCC)
- 5 .15 .11 .5. Vishnu Chemicals
- 5 .16. Indonesia
- 5 .17. Iran
- 5 .17 .1. Producers of chromite in Iran
- 5 .17 .1 .1. Faryab Mining
- 5 .17 .1 .2. Others
- 5 .17 .2. Potential producers of chromite in Iran
- 5 .17 .2 .1. Rohit Ferro-Tech
- 5 .17 .3. Producers of ferro-chrome in Iran
- 5 .18. Italy
- 5 .18 .1. Producers of chromium chemicals in Italy
- 5 .18 .1 .1. Stoppani Group
- 5 .19. Japan
- 5 .19 .1. Supply of chromite and ferro-chrome in Japan
- 5 .19 .2. Producers of ferro-chrome in Japan
- 5 .19 .2 .1. JFE Material
- 5 .19 .2 .2. Nippon Denko
- 5 .19 .3. Production of chromium metal in Japan
- 5 .19 .4. Producers of chromium metal in Japan
- 5 .19 .4 .1. Nippon Denko
- 5 .19 .5. Production of chromium chemicals in Japan
- 5 .19 .6. Producers of chromium chemicals in Japan
- 5 .19 .6 .1. Nippon Chemical Industrial
- 5 .20. Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .1. Production of chromite in Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .2. Production of ferro-chrome in Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .3. Integrated and non-integrated producers of chromite and
ferro-chrome in Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .3 .1. Eurasian Natural Resources Corporation (ENRC)
- 5 .20 .3 .2. Mechel
- 5 .20 .4. Exports of ferro-chrome from Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .5. Producers of chromium metal in Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .5 .1. Eurasian Natural Resources Corporation (ENRC)
- 5 .20 .6. Producers of chromium chemicals in Kazakhstan
- 5 .20 .6 .1. JSC Aktyubinsk Chromium Chemicals Plant (ACCP)
- 5 .21. Madagascar
- 5 .21 .1. Producers of chromite in Madagascar
- 5 .21 .1 .1. Kraomita Malagasy (KRAOMA)
- 5 .22. Mexico
- 5 .22 .1. Producers of chromium chemicals in Mexico
- 5 .22 .1 .1. Quimica Central de Mexico
- 5 .23. Myanmar
- 5 .24. Nigeria
- 5 .24 .1. Potential producers of chromite in Nigeria
- 5 .24 .1 .1. Co-op Investors and Contractors (CICL)
- 5 .25. Norway
- 5 .26. Oman
- 5 .26 .1. Producers of chromite in Oman
- 5 .26 .1 .1. Oman Chromite
- 5 .26 .1 .2. Gulf Mining and Materials (GMM)
- 5 .26 .1 .3. Hatton FZE
- 5 .27. Pakistan
- 5 .27 .1. Producers of chromite in Pakistan
- 5 .27 .1 .1. Pakistan Chrome Mines
- 5 .27 .1 .2. MAM Enterprises
- 5 .28. Philippines
- 5 .28 .1. Production of chromite in the Philippines
- 5 .28 .2. Producers of chromite in the Philippines
- 5 .28 .2 .1. Benguet
- 5 .28 .2 .2. CRAU Mineral Resources
- 5 .28 .2 .3. Heritage Resources and Mining (HRMC)
- 5 .28 .2 .4. Krominco
- 5 .28 .3. Potential producers of chromite in the Philippines
- 5 .28 .3 .1. Midwest Group
- 5 .28 .3 .2. Rusina Mining
- 5 .28 .3 .3. Shougang Group
- 5 .29. Poland
- 5 .29 .1. Producers of chromium chemicals in Poland
- 5 .30. Romania
- 5 .30 .1. Producers of chromium chemicals in Romania
- 5 .31. Russia
- 5 .31 .1. Supply of chromite in Russia
- 5 .31 .2. Production of ferro-chrome in Russia
- 5 .31 .3. Exports of ferro-chrome from Russia
- 5 .31 .4. Integrated and non-integrated producers of chromite and
ferro-chrome in Russia
- 5 .31 .4 .1. Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Combine (ChEMK)
- 5 .31 .4 .2. Serov (Serovsky) Ferroalloys Plant (SZF)
- 5 .31 .4 .3. Klyuchevsky Ferroalloys Plant
- 5 .31 .4 .4. Tikhvin Smelting Plant
- 5 .31 .5. Potential producers of chromite and ferro-chrome in
Russia
- 5 .31 .5 .1. Karelia Development
- 5 .31 .6. Production of chromium metal in Russia
- 5 .31 .7. Producers of chromium metal in Russia
- 5 .31 .7 .1. Klyuchevsky Ferroalloys Plant
- 5 .31 .7 .2. Novotroitsk plant of chromium compounds
- 5 .31 .7 .3. Polema
- 5 .31 .7 .4. Tulachermet
- 5 .31 .8. Production of chromium chemicals in Russia
- 5 .31 .9. Producers of chromium chemicals in Russia
- 5 .31 .9 .1. Russian Chrome (Russky Khrom) 1915
- 5 .32. Slovakia
- 5 .32 .1. Producers of ferro-chrome in Slovakia
- 5 .33. Slovenia
- 5 .34. South Africa
- 5 .34 .1. Mining of chromite in South Africa
- 5 .34 .2. Production of chromite in South Africa
- 5 .34 .3. Summary of chromite producers in South Africa
- 5 .34 .4. Processing of ferro-chrome in South Africa
- 5 .34 .5. Production of ferro-chrome in South Africa
- 5 .34 .6. Summary of ferro-chrome producers in South Africa
- 5 .34 .7. Producers of chromite and ferro-chrome in South Africa
- 5 .34 .7 .1. Assore
- 5 .34 .7 .2. Aquarius Platinum
- 5 .34 .7 .3. ASA Metals
- 5 .34 .7 .4. Assmang
- 5 .34 .7 .5. Batlhako Mining
- 5 .34 .7 .6. Chromex Mining
- 5 .34 .7 .7. Hernic Ferrochrome
- 5 .34 .7 .8. International Ferro Metals (IFM)
- 5 .34 .7 .9. Lanxess
- 5 .34 .7 .10. Mogale Alloys
- 5 .34 .7 .11. National Manganese Mines
- 5 .34 .7 .12. Nkomati
- 5 .34 .7 .13. Samancor Chrome
- 5 .34 .7 .14. Tata Steel KZN
- 5 .34 .7 .15. Xstrata-Merafe Chrome Venture
- 5 .34 .8. Potential producers of chromite in South Africa
- 5 .34 .8 .1. China Minmetals
- 5 .34 .8 .2. Cronimet Chrome South Africa (CCSA)
- 5 .34 .8 .3. DCM Chrome
- 5 .34 .8 .4. Maude Mining/Benhaus Mining
- 5 .34 .8 .5. Rohit Ferro Tech
- 5 .34 .8 .6. Vizirama
- 5 .34 .9. Production of chromium chemicals in South Africa
- 5 .35. Spain
- 5 .36. Sudan
- 5 .36 .1. Producers of chromite in Sudan
- 5 .36 .1 .1. Ingessana Hills Mines
- 5 .37. Sweden
- 5 .37 .1. Producers of ferro-chrome in Sweden
- 5 .37 .1 .1. Vargon Alloys
- 5 .38. Togo
- 5 .38 .1. Potential producers of chromite in Togo
- 5 .38 .1 .1. Lithic Metals and Energy
- 5 .39. Turkey
- 5 .39 .1. Production of chromite in Turkey
- 5 .39 .2. Production of ferro-chrome in Turkey
- 5 .39 .3. Integrated and non-integrated producers of chromite and
ferro-chrome in Turkey
- 5 .39 .3 .1. Bilfer Madencilik ve Turizm
- 5 .39 .3 .2. Dedeman Madencilik Sanayi ve Ticaret
- 5 .39 .3 .3. Eti Elektrometalurji
- 5 .39 .3 .4. Eti Krom
- 5 .39 .3 .5. Turk Maadin Sirketi (TMS)
- 5 .39 .3 .6. Pema Madencilik Enerji Kimya Sanavi (Pema Mining
Energy Chemical Industry)
- 5 .39 .4. Potential producers of chromite and ferro-chrome in
Turkey
- 5 .39 .4 .1. Cevikler Mermer San. Ve Tic.
- 5 .39 .4 .2. Zirve Krom Madencilik
- 5 .39 .5. Producers of chromium chemicals in Turkey
- 5 .40. UAE
- 5 .41. UK
- 5 .41 .1. Production of chromium metal in the UK
- 5 .41 .2. Producers of chromium metal in the UK
- 5 .41 .2 .1. London and Scandinavian Metallurgical (LSM)
- 5 .41 .3. Producers of chromium chemicals in the UK
- 5 .41 .3 .1. Elementis Chromium
- 5 .42. USA
- 5 .42 .1. Supply of chromite in the USA
- 5 .42 .2. Potential producers of chromite in the USA
- 5 .42 .2 .1. Oregon Resources (ORC)
- 5 .42 .3. Supply of ferro-chrome in the USA
- 5 .42 .4. Supply of chromium metal in the USA
- 5 .42 .5. Producers of chromium metal in the USA
- 5 .42 .5 .1. Eramet Marietta
- 5 .42 .6. Supply of chromium from government stockpiles
- 5 .42 .6 .1. Ferro-chrome sales
- 5 .42 .6 .2. Chromium metal sales
- 5 .42 .7. Producers of chromium chemicals in the USA
- 5 .42 .7 .1. Elementis Chromium
- 5 .43. Vietnam
- 5 .43 .1. Producers of chromite in Vietnam
- 5 .43 .1 .1. Thai Nguyen Nonferrous Metal
- 5 .43 .2. Potential producers of chromite and ferro-chrome in
Vietnam
- 5 .43 .2 .1. Archipelago Metals
- 5 .43 .2 .2. Nam Viet Group (Navico)
- 5 .43 .2 .3. Jindal Stainless (JSL)
- 5 .44. Zimbabwe
- 5 .44 .1. Production of chromite in Zimbabwe
- 5 .44 .2. Production of ferro-chrome in Zimbabwe
- 5 .44 .3. Integrated and non-integrated producers of chromite and
ferro-chrome in Zimbabwe
- 5 .44 .3 .1. Maranatha Ferro-chrome
- 5 .44 .3 .2. Zimbabwe Alloys
- 5 .44 .3 .3. Zimbabwe Mining and Smelting (Zimasco)
- 5 .44 .4. Potential producers of chromite in Zimbabwe
- 5 .44 .4 .1. Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC)
6. Overview of world consumption of chromium
- 6 .1. World consumption of chromite
- 6 .1 .1. Outlook for chromite consumption
- 6 .2. World consumption of ferro-chrome
- 6 .2 .1. Outlook for ferro-chrome consumption
- 6 .3. World consumption of chromium metal
- 6 .3 .1. Outlook for chromium metal consumption
- 6 .4. World consumption of chromium chemicals
- 6 .4 .1. Outlook for chromium chemical consumption
7. Metallurgical applications for chromium
- 7 .1. Use of chromium in stainless steel
- 7 .1 .1. Grades of stainless steel
- 7 .1 .2. Production of stainless steel
- 7 .1 .2 .1. Stainless steel production capacity
- 7 .1 .3. Consumption of stainless steel
- 7 .1 .4. End-uses for stainless steel
- 7 .1 .5. Demand for chromium in stainless steel
- 7 .1 .6. Trends in demand for ferro-chrome in stainless steel
- 7 .1 .6 .1. Stainless steel market outlook
- 7 .1 .6 .2. Chromium demand outlook in stainless steel
- 7 .2. Use of chromium in full alloy steels
- 7 .2 .1. Types of full alloy steels
- 7 .2 .2. Production of full alloy steels
- 7 .2 .3. Trends in demand for chromium in full alloy steels
- 7 .3. Use of chromium in high-strength steels
- 7 .3 .1. Types of high-strength steels
- 7 .3 .2. Production of high strength steels
- 7 .3 .3. Trends in demand for chromium in high-strength steels
- 7 .4. Use of chromium in tool steels
- 7 .4 .1. Types of tool steels
- 7 .4 .2. Production of tool steels
- 7 .4 .3. Trends in demand for chromium in tool steels
- 7 .5. Use of chromium in carbon steels
- 7 .5 .1. Types of carbon steel
- 7 .5 .2. Production of carbon steels
- 7 .5 .3. Trends in demand for chromium in carbon steel
- 7 .6. Use of chromium in superalloys
- 7 .6 .1. Types of superalloys
- 7 .6 .2. Markets for superalloys
- 7 .6 .2 .1. Aerospace applications for superalloys
- 7 .6 .2 .2. Non-aerospace applications for superalloys
- 7 .6 .3. Trends in demand for chromium in superalloys
- 7 .7. Use of chromium in thin film coatings
- 7 .8. Use of chromium in non-ferrous and other alloys
- 7 .8 .1. Types of non-ferrous alloys containing chromium
- 7 .8 .2. Welding and hard-facing alloys
- 7 .9. Use of chromium in cast iron
8. Chemical applications for chromium
- 8 .1. Use of chromium chemicals in leather tanning
- 8 .1 .1. Trends in demand for chromium chemicals in leather
tanning
- 8 .2. Use of chromium chemicals in metal finishing
- 8 .2 .1. Chromium metal finishing processes
- 8 .2 .2. Trends in demand for chromium chemicals in metal
finishing
- 8 .3. Use of chromium chemicals in wood preservatives
- 8 .3 .1. CCA wood preservatives
- 8 .3 .2. Environmental issues associated with CCA
- 8 .3 .3. Alternatives to CCA wood preservatives
- 8 .3 .4. Trends in demand for chromium chemicals in wood
preservatives
- 8 .4. Use of chromium chemicals in pigments
- 8 .4 .1. Types of pigments containing chromium chemicals
- 8 .4 .2. Trends in demand for chromium chemicals in pigments
- 8 .5. Minor applications for chromium chemicals
- 8 .5 .1. Abrasives
- 8 .5 .2. Agriculture
- 8 .5 .3. Batteries
- 8 .5 .4. Catalysts
- 8 .5 .5. Chemical processes
- 8 .5 .6. Corrosion inhibitors
- 8 .5 .7. Drilling muds
- 8 .5 .8. Fireworks and explosives
- 8 .5 .9. Flame retardants
- 8 .5 .10. Glass and ceramics
- 8 .5 .11. Lithography
- 8 .5 .12. Magnetic storage materials
- 8 .5 .13. Nuclear fuel additives
- 8 .5 .14. Oils, fats and waxes
- 8 .5 .15. Photographic chemicals
- 8 .5 .16. Textile mordants
- 8 .5 .17. Waterproof materials
9. Refractory applications for chromium
- 9 .1. Use of chromite in refractories
- 9 .1 .1. Refractory-grade chromite and chromic oxide
- 9 .1 .2. Markets for chromite-containing refractories
- 9 .1 .3. Trends in consumption of chromite in refractories
- 9 .2. Use of chromite in foundry sands
- 9 .2 .1. Specifications for foundry-grade chromite
- 9 .2 .2. Trends in demand for chromite in foundry sands
10. International trade in chromium
- 10 .1. Trade in chromite
- 10 .2. Trade in ferro-chrome
- 10 .3. Trade in chromium metal
- 10 .4. Trade in chromium chemicals
11. Chromite and ferro-chrome supply/demand balance
- 11 .1. Chromite demand
- 11 .1 .1. Outlook for chromite demand
- 11 .1 .2. Chromite supply
- 11 .1 .3. Outlook for chromite supply
- 11 .1 .4. Forecast chromite supply/demand balance
- 11 .2. Ferro-chrome demand
- 11 .2 .1. Outlook for ferro-chrome demand
- 11 .2 .2. Ferro-chrome supply
- 11 .2 .3. Outlook for ferro-chrome supply
- 11 .2 .4. Forecast ferro-chrome supply/demand balance
12. Prices of chromium
- 12 .1. Metallurgical chromite prices
- 12 .1 .1. Historical metallurgical chromite price
- 12 .1 .2. Forecast metallurgical chromite price
- 12 .2. Prices of ferro-chrome
- 12 .2 .1. Historical prices of ferro-chrome
- 12 .2 .2. Recent price trends for ferro-chrome
- 12 .2 .3. Forecast ferro-chrome prices
- 12 .3. Prices of non-metallurgical chromite
- 12 .4. Prices of chromium chemicals
- 12 .5. Prices of chromium metal
Tables Listing
- 1. Physical properties of chromium
- 2. Composition of typical chrome ores
- 3. Classification of chrome ores
- 4. Characteristics of geological deposit types
- 5. World: Reserves of chrome ore by country, 2004 to 2008
- 6. Typical specifications for refractory-grade chromite
- 7. Typical specifications for chromite foundry sands
- 8. Typical specifications for chemical-grade chromite
- 9. ASTM specifications for chromium ferroalloys
- 10. Specifications for low-carbon ferro-chrome produced by
Elektrowerk Weisweiler
- 11. Specifications for aluminothermic chromium metal lump produced
by Bell Group
- 12. Specifications for aluminothermic chromium metal powder
produced by Bell Group
- 13. Specifications for electrolytic chromium metal produced by Bell
Group
- 14. Formulae, molecular weights and chromium contents of selected
chromium chemicals
- 15. Properties of sodium dichromate dihydrate produced by Vishnu
Chemicals
- 16. Properties of potassium dichromate produced by Vishnu Chemicals
- 17. Properties of chromic acid produced by Vishnu Chemicals
- 18. Properties of CA Ultra produced by Elementis Chromium
- 19. Properties of basic chromium sulphate produced by Vishnu
Chemicals
- 20. World chromite production by end-use sector, 2001 to 2007
- 21. World chromite production: Comparison of available data, 2002
to 2008
- 22. Production of chromium ores and concentrates, 2002 to 2008
- 23. World: Production capacity for chromite by country, 2002 to 2005
- 24. World: Leading producers of chromite, capacity and production,
2007
- 25. World: Capacity and production of chromite by company, 2007
- 26. World ferro-chrome production: Comparison of available data,
2002 to 2008
- 27. Production of ferro-chrome, 2002 to 2008
- 28. Ferro-chrome production cut-backs, 2008/2009
- 29. World ferro-silico-chrome production: Comparison of available
data
- 30. Production of ferro-silico-chrome, 2002 to 2008
- 31. World: Production capacity for ferro-chrome by country, 2002 to
2005
- 32. World: Production of high-carbon ferro-chrome by country, 2001
to 2008
- 33. World: Production of low-carbon and medium-carbon ferro-chrome
by country, 2001 to 2008
- 34. World: Leading producers of ferro-chrome, capacity and
production 2007
- 35. World: Capacity and production of ferro-chrome by company, 2007
- 36. World: Proposed and planned expansions in ferro-chrome
production capacity, as of March 2009
- 37. Major producing countries: Forecast output of ferro-chrome,
2008 to 2012
- 38. World: Production capacity for chromium metal by country, 2002
to 2005
- 39. World: Production capacity for chromium metal by producer, 2007
- 40. World: Production capacity for chromium chemicals by country,
2002 to 2005
- 41. World: Production capacity for sodium dichromate, by leading
producers, 2007
- 42. World: Production capacity for chrome sulphate, by leading
producers, 2007
- 43. World: Production capacity for chromic acid, by leading
producers, 2007
- 44. World: Production capacity for chromic oxide, by leading
producers, 2007
- 45. World: Production capacity for potassium dichromate, by leading
producers, 2007
- 46. Afghanistan: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 47. Albania: Production of chromite and high-carbon ferro-chrome,
1997 to 2008
- 48. Albania: Major chromite mines, 2006
- 49. Australia: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 50. Brazil: Chromite reserves by state, 2006
- 51. Brazil: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 52. Brazil: Production of chromite by company, 2002 to 2007
- 53. Brazil: Capacity and production of chromite by state, 2007
- 54. Ferbasa: Mine operations
- 55. Ferbasa: Beneficiation plants
- 56. Brazil: Production of chromium ferroalloys, 1997 to 2007
- 57. Brazil: Production of chromium ferroalloys by type, 1997 to 2008
- 58. Brazil: Exports of chromium ferroalloys by type, 1995-2004
- 59. Brazil: Estimated production of high-carbon ferro-chrome by
producer, 2003 to 2007
- 60. Brazil: Ferbasa: Production and capacity of chromium
ferroalloys, 2007
- 61. China: distribution of retained reserves, 1999
- 62. China: Supply of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 63. China: Production of chromium ferroalloys, 1997 to 2008
- 64. China: Exports of chromium ferroalloys, 1995 to 2008
- 65. China: Producers of ferro-chrome, 2007
- 66. Tibet Mineral Development: Specifications for chromium
ferroalloys
- 67. China: Exports of chromium metal, 2002 to 2008
- 68. China: Producers of chromium chemicals
- 69. Chongqing Minfeng Chemical: Production capacity for chromium
chemicals
- 70. Hebei Chromate Chemicals: Production capacity for chromium
chemicals
- 71. Dalmacija Ferroalloy Works: Production of ferro-chrome, 1997 to
2007
- 72. Grupo Empresarial Cubaniquel: Production of chromite, 2000 to
2008
- 73. Outokumpu: Production of chrome ore, 1995 to 2008
- 74. Outokumpu, Tornio Works: Production of high-carbon ferro-chrome
and stainless steel, 1997 to 2008
- 75. Delachaux: Grades of chromium metal produced
- 76. Elektrowerk Weisweiler: Production of low-carbon ferro-chrome,
1997 to 2008
- 77. Elektrowerk Weisweiler: Low-carbon ferro-chrome product range
- 78. GfE: Specifications for chromium metal
- 79. India: Reserves/resources of chrome ore by state, as of April
2005
- 80. India: Reserves/resources of chrome ore by grade, as of April
2005
- 81. India: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008 and 1996/97 to
2007/08
- 82. India: Production of chromite by state, 2003/04 to 2007/08
- 83. India: Production of chromite grades (Cr2O3 content) by sector
and state/district, 2006/07
- 84. India: Beneficiation capacity by major producer
- 85. India: Estimated production capacity for chromite by producer,
2008
- 86. MMTC: Specifications of chromite exports
- 87. India: Exports of chromite, and 1999 to 2008 and 1998/99 to
2007/08
- 88. India: Production of chromium ferroalloys, 1997 to 2008 and
1996/97 to 2007/08
- 89. India: Imports of ferro-chrome, 1999 to 2008
- 90. India: Estimated production capacity for ferro-chrome by
producer, 2007
- 91. MMTC: Specifications of friable chrome ore exports
- 92. India: Exports of ferro-chrome and ferro-silico-chrome, 1999 to
2008 and 1998/99-2007/08
- 93. FACOR: Chromite mines
- 94. FACOR: Grades of chromite produced
- 95. IMFA: Chromite mines
- 96. IMFA: Grades of chromite produced
- 97. IMFA: Production of ferro-chrome and consumption of chromite
ore, 1999/00 to 2006/07
- 98. Nava Bharat Ventures: Ferro-chrome plants
- 99. Nava Bharat Ventures: Domestic and export markets
- 100. OMC: Chrome ore mines
- 101. TISCO: Sukinda mine chromite reserves
- 102. TISCO: Grades of chromite produced
- 103. Visa Steel: Chromite processing facilities
- 104. India: Producers of chromium chemicals
- 105. Iran: Production of chromite and high-carbon ferro-chrome,
1995 to 2008
- 106. Japan: Imports of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 107. Japan: Supply of ferro-chrome, 1997 to 2008
- 108. Japan: Production capacity for ferro-chrome by producer, 2008
- 109. Japan: Production of chromium metal, 2002 to 2007
- 110. Japan: Production of chromium chemicals, FY 1997 to 2003
- 111. Nippon Chemical Industrial: Production of chromium salts, 2008
- 112. Kazakhstan : Production and exports of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 113. Kazakhstan: Production of ferro-chrome, 1997 to 2008
- 114. ENRC: Production of chromite and chromium ferroalloys, 2006 to
2008
- 115. KazChrome: Ferro-chrome plants
- 116. Aksu and Aktobe Ferroalloys Plants: Production facilities
- 117. KazChrome: Comparison of Q4 production of chromite and
chromium ferroalloys, 2007 and 2008
- 118. Kazakhstan: Exports of ferro-chrome by reporting country, 2003
to 2008
- 119. JSC Aktyubinsk Chromium Chemicals Plant: Production capacity
for chromium chemicals, 2008
- 120. Kazakhstan: Exports of chromium chemicals by reporting
country, split by country and product, 2003 to 2008
- 121. Madagascar: Production of marketable chromite, 2000 to 2008
- 122. Quimica Central de Mexico: Production capacity for chromium
chemicals, 2008
- 123. Myanmar: Production of chromium ores and concentrates, 2002 to
2006
- 124. Elkem Rana: Production of high-carbon ferro-chrome, 1997 to
2008
- 125. Oman: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 126. Oman Chromite: Specifications for chromite
- 127. Pakistan: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 128. Philippines: Production of chromite by grade, 1997 to 2008
- 129. Benguet: Production of chromite, 2003 to 2007
- 130. Crau Mineral Resources: Production of chromite, 2003 to 2007
- 131. Heritage Resources: Production of chromite, 2002 to 2007
- 132. Krominco: Production of chromite, 2003 to 2007
- 133. Poland: Production and trade in chromite, ferro-chrome,
chromium metal and chromium chemicals, 1999 to 2008
- 134. Alwernia: Production capacity for chromium chemicals
- 135. SC Bicapa: Production capacity for chromium chemicals, 2003
- 136. Russia: Change in resources, 1997 to 2006
- 137. Russia: Supply of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 138. Russia: Imports for consumption for Cr concentrate in Russia,
2007 and 2008
- 139. Russia: Production of chromium ferroalloys, 1995 to 2008
- 140. Russia: Export of chromium ferroalloys, 1997 to 2008
- 141. Russia: Production capacity by ferro-chrome producer
- 142. ChEMK: Chromium ferroalloy production facilities
- 143. ChEMK: Grades of chromium ferroalloy production
- 144. ChEMK: Production of ferroalloys, 2000 to 2008
- 145. Serov: Production of chromite, Q3 and Q4 2008
- 146. Serov Ferroalloys Plant: Furnaces
- 147. Serov Ferroalloys Plant: Capacity by product
- 148. Karelia region, Russia: Reserves and resources of chromite, as
of February 2008
- 149. Russia: Production of chromium metal, 2004 to 2007
- 150. Russia: Chromium metal capacity by producer, 2008
- 151. Russian Chrome 1915: Production capacity for chromium chemicals
- 152. Slovakia: Production of ferro-chrome, 1997-2008
- 153. Tovarna Dusike Ruse Metalurgiya: Production of ferro-chrome,
1997 to 2008
- 154. South Africa: Production and shipments of chrome ore, 1997 to
2006
- 155. South Africa: Production and shipments of chromite, 1997 to
2008
- 156. South Africa: Estimated production capacity for chromite by
producer, 2008
- 157. South Africa: Pelletising capacity installed/planned, 1999 to
2010
- 158. South Africa: Metal-from-slag recovery plants, 2008
- 159. South Africa: Production and shipments of ferro-chrome, 1997
to 2006
- 160. South Africa: Production of chromium ferroalloys by grade,
1995 to 2008
- 161. South Africa: Estimated production capacity for ferro-chrome
by producer, 2008
- 162. South Africa: Potential increases in ferro-chrome production
capacity, as of April 2009
- 163. Batlhako Mining: Resources
- 164. Chromex: Steallite Project inferred resources
- 165. Chromex: Mecklenburg Project resources/reserves
- 166. Hernic Ferrochrome: Mining operations
- 167. International Ferro Metals: Forecast output, as of 2008
- 168. International Ferro-Metals: Mineral reserves/resources, as of
June 2008
- 169. Rustenburg Chrome Mine: Grades of chromite production
- 170. Samancor Chrome: Chromite mining operations
- 171. Samancor Chrome: Grades of chromite production
- 172. Samancor Chrome: Production of chromite and ferro-chrome, 1998
to 2004
- 173. Samancor Chrome: Ferro-chrome operations
- 174. Samancor Chrome: Grades of ferro-chrome production
- 175. Xstrata-Merafe: Capacity of chromite mining and ferro-chrome
smelters, 2007 and 2008
- 176. Xstrata-Merafe: Reserves and resources, June 2008
- 177. Xstrata-Merafe: Production of chromite, 2001 to 2008
- 178. Xstrata-Merafe: Smelting operations
- 179. Xstrata-Merafe: Production of ferro-chrome, 2001 to 2008
- 180. Fesa: Production of ferro-chrome, 1997 to 2008
- 181. Ingessana Hills Mines: Production and exports of chromite,
1997 to 2008
- 182. Vargon Alloys: Ferroalloy furnaces
- 183. Vargon Alloys: Specifications for ferro-chrome
- 184. Vargon Alloys: Production of high-carbon ferro-chrome, 1997 to
2008
- 185. Turkey: Production and exports of chromite, 1997 to 2008 and
Q1 2008/09
- 186. Turkey: Production of chromium ferroalloys, 1997 to 2008
- 187. Eti Elektrometalurji: Grades of chromite production
- 188. Eti Elektrometalurji: Ferro-chrome operations
- 189. Eti Krom: Expansion plans for production and export of chrome
ore, 2008 to 2013
- 190. Turk Maadin Sirketi: Grades of chromite
- 191. Kromsan: Production capacity for chromium chemicals
- 192. Derwent Mining: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 193. Bell Group: Typical specifications for aluminothermic chromium
metal
- 194. Bell Group: Typical specifications for electrolytic chromium
metal
- 195. London and Scandinavian Metallurgical: Grades of chromium
metal and powders
- 196. Elementis Chromium: Production capacity for chromium chemicals
in the UK
- 197. Elementis Chromium: Exports of chromium chemicals recorded by
leading importing countries, 2003 to 2008
- 198. USA: Chromium market, 2002 to 2006
- 199. USA: Chromium market, 2002 to 2006
- 200. USA: Production and imports of chromite, 2003 to 2008
- 201. USA: Imports of ferro-chrome by country of origin, 2003 to 2008
- 202. USA: Imports of chromium metal by country of origin, 2003 to
2008
- 203. Processors of chromium metal products
- 204. USA: Government stockpile uncommitted inventories, year-end
2003 to 2008
- 205. USA: Government stockpile status, 30th September 2008
- 206. USA: Available material through the Annual Materials Plan,
2003 to 2009
- 207. USA: Sales of ferro-chrome from government stockpiles via BOA,
January 2008 to January 2009
- 208. USA: Sales of chromium metal from government stockpiles via
BOA, January 2008 to Febuary 2009
- 209. Elementis Chromium: Production capacity for chromium chemicals
- 210. Vietnam: Production and exports of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 211. Zimbabwe: Production of chromite, 1997 to 2008
- 212. Zimbabwe: Production of chromium ferroalloys, 1997 to 2008
- 213. Zimbabwe Alloys: Mining operations
- 214. Zimasco: Chrome ore mining operations
- 215. World: Chromite consumption, 2000 to 2008
- 216. World: Chromite apparent consumption, 2000 to 2007
- 217. World: Forecast chromite demand, 2008 to 2013
- 218. World: Ferro-chrome consumption, 2002 to 2008
- 219. World: Forecast ferro-chrome consumption, stainless steel
production, and global GDP, 2008 to 2013
- 220. World: Chromium metal consumption, 1998 to 2008
- 221. Regional chromium metal consumption, 1999 to 2008
- 222. World: Forecast chromium metal consumption, 2008 to 2013
- 223. World: Chromium chemical consumption, 1999 to 2008
- 224. World: Forecast chromium chemical consumption, 2009 to 2013
- 225. World: Production of stainless steel by region, 2008
- 226. World: Production of stainless steel by region, 2003 to 2007
- 227. World: Stainless steel production by country, 2000 to 2007
- 228. World: Selected new stainless capacity, as of December 2008
- 229. World: Stainless steel consumption, 1998 to 2007
- 230. World: Consumption of ferro-chrome in stainless steel, 2002 to
2008
- 231. World: Stainless steel production, consumption and world GDP,
year-on-year change, 2008 to 2013
- 232. World: Stainless production and ferro-chrome consumption
forecast, 2009 to 2013
- 233. World: Alloy steel production by region, 2000 to 2007
- 234. World: Production of high-strength steels, 2002 to 2007
- 235. World: Production of alloy tool and high speed steel, 2001 to
2007
- 236. World: Finished steel production, 2001 to 2007
- 237. World: Leading producers of cast iron by type, 2006
- 238. World: Chromium consumption in chemicals, 2000 to 2008
- 239. World: Chromium chemical consumption in leather tanning, 2000
to 2008
- 240. World: Chromium chemical consumption in metal finishing, 2000
to 2008
- 241. World: Chromium chemical consumption in wood preservatives,
2000 to 2008
- 242. USA: Nominal composition of CCA wood preservatives
- 243. World: Chromium chemical consumption in pigments, 2000 to 2008
- 244. Properties of high-grade mag-chrome refractories
- 245. Properties of fine-grained chromic oxide refractories
- 246. Specifications for refractory-grade chromite
- 247. Specifications for Accrox R chromic oxide
- 248. USA: Shipments of refractories, 1997 to 2007
- 249. Japan: Production of mag-chrome refractories, 1997 to 2007
- 250. World: Consumption of chromite in refractories, 1970 to 2007
- 251. Typical specifications for chromite foundry sands
- 252. World: Leading producers of castings, 2006
- 253. World: Imports of chromium ores and concentrates by leading
country, 2008
- 254. World: Exports of chromium ores and concentrates by leading
country, 2008
- 255. World: Imports of ferro-chrome by leading country, 2008
- 256. Exports of ferro-chrome by leading country, 2008
- 257. World: Imports of chromium metal by leading country, 2008
- 258. World: Exports of chromium metal by leading country, 2008
- 259. World: Imports of chromium chemicals by leading country, 2008
- 260. World: Exports of chromium chemicals by leading country, 2008
- 261. World: Forecast chromite consumption, 2008 to 2013
- 262. World: Forecast chromite production and consumption, 2009 to
2013
- 263. World: Forecast ferro-chrome consumption, stainless steel
production, and global GDP, 2008 to 2013
- 264. World; Forecast ferro-chrome production, 2009 to 2013
- 265. World: Forecast ferro-chrome production and consumption, 2009
to 2013
- 266. Prices of South African metallurgical-grade chromite, friable,
lumpy, 40% Cr2O3, 2000 to 2009
- 267. Forecast chromite prices and consumption, 2009 to 2013
- 268. Prices of Japanese imports of ferro-chrome, 1998 to 2008
- 269. Free market prices of ferro-chrome, d/d consumers works, major
European destinations, 2001 to 2009
- 270. US prices of ferro-chrome, 2000 to 2009
- 271. Forecast ferro-chrome consumption and price, 2009 to 2013
- 272. Prices of South African non-metallurgical chromite, 2000 to
2009
- 273. Annual average values of imports of chromium chemicals, 2001
to 2008
- 274. Annual average values of exports of chromium chemicals, 2001
to 2008
- 275. Free market prices of chromium metal, 2001 to 2009
- 276. US average annual prices of chromium metal, 1999 to 2006
Figures Listing
- 1. World: Chromite and ferro-chrome production, 2003 to 2008
- 2. World: Consumption by product group, 2003 to 2008
- 3. World: Chromite production by end-use
- 4. Prices by type, 2002 to 2009
- 5. World: Forecast chromium demand by grade, 2009 to 2013
- 6. World: Chromium market, 2008
- 7. World: Reserves of chrome ore by country, 2007
- 8. Processing of chrome ore
- 9. Processing of sodium dichromate
- 10. World: Production of chromite by leading producing countries,
compared to ferro-chrome production, 2002 to 2008
- 11. World: Proportion of chromite production by leading producing
countries, 2002 to 2008
- 12. World: production of chromite by region, 2008
- 13. World: Production capacity for chromite by leading country 2005
- 14. World: Production of ferro-chrome by leading producing
countries, compared to stainless steel production, 2002 to 2008
- 15. World: Proportion of ferro-chrome production by leading
producing countries, 2002 to 2008
- 16. World: production of ferro-chrome by region, 2008
- 17. World: Production capacity for ferro-chrome by leading
producer, 2005
- 18. World: Production of low-carbon ferro-chrome by country, 2001
to 2008
- 19. World: Estimated production capacity for chromium metal by
country, 2007
- 20. World: Production capacity for chromium chemicals by country,
2005
- 21. Brazil: Reserves of chrome ore by state, 2006
- 22. Consumption of Brazilian beneficiated chrome ore by end-use,
2005
- 23. China: Supply of chromite, 1995 to 2008
- 24. China: Imports of chromite ores and concentrates, 2004 to 2008
- 25. India: Comparison of ferro-chrome production, exports and
prices, 1996/97 to 2007/08
- 26. India: Production of chromite by grade, 2006/07
- 27. Kazakhstan: Production of chromite and ferro-chrome, 1992 to
2008
- 28. ENRC: Company structure
- 29. Imports of Kazakh ferro-chrome by reporting country, 2008
- 30. Reporting country imports of Kazakh chromium chemicals by
country and product, 2007
- 31. Russia: Comparison of chromite production and imports, 1997 to
2008
- 32. South Africa: Production of chromite and ferro-chrome, 1997 to
2006
- 33. South Africa: Exports of chromite by major importing country,
2002 to 2007
- 34. South Africa: Exports of ferro-chrome by region, 2008
- 35. South Africa: Production capacity for ferro-chrome by producer,
2008
- 36. Structure of the Xstrata-Merafe Joint Venture
- 37. USA: Imports of ferro-chrome and stainless steel production,
1998 to 2008
- 38. Zimbabwe: Pattern of ferro-chrome production and exports, 1997
to 2008
- 39. World: Chromite consumption vs stainless steel production, 1997
to 2008
- 40. Regional share of chromite consumption, 1997 to 2007
- 41. World: Forecast annual change in chromite consumption, 2008 to
2013
- 42. World: Ferro-chrome consumption and stainless steel production,
2002 to 2008
- 43. World: Regional ferro-chrome consumption, 2008
- 44. World: Forecast annual change in ferro-chrome consumption, 2008
to 2013
- 45. World: Consumption of chromium metal by end-use, 2007
- 46. World: Annual change in aircraft deliveries, 1997 to 2008
- 47. Stainless steel: Annual stainless steel production by grade,
2000 vs 2008
- 48. World: Stainless production by region, 2007
- 49. World: Stainless steel production growth by region, 2004 to 2007
- 50. Monthly LME nickel price index
- 51. World: Cumulative annual stainless steel capacity, 2007 to 2012
- 52. World: Stainless steel flat products apparent supply index,
1996 to 2008
- 53. Consumption index of various metal commodities, 1998 to 2007
- 54. World: Stainless steel consumption growth, 1996 to 2007
- 55. Asia: Stainless steel consumption index, 1998 to 2007
- 56. Western Europe: Stainless steel consumption growth, 2000 to 2007
- 57. World: Stainless steel consumption by end-use, 2008
- 58. World: Stainless steel production and ferro-chrome consumption,
2002 to 2008
- 59. World: Stainless steel production and GDP, 2000 to 2008
- 60. World: Annual change in stainless steel consumption, 1999 to
2007
- 61. China: Stainless production as a proportion of total world
production, 2000 to 2008
- 62. World: Stainless steel stock cycle index, 2000 to 2008
- 63. World: Potential overcapacity in the stainless steel industry,
2009 to 2012
- 64. World: Ferro-chrome consumption in stainless steel, 2008 to 2013
- 65. World: Alloy steel production by region, 2007
- 66. World: Production of alloy tool and high speed steel, 2001 to
2007
- 67. World: Top ten manufacturers of alloy tool and high speed
steel, 2007
- 68. World: Finished steel production index, 2001 to 2007
- 69. Division of world high performance alloy market by region, 2006
- 70. Division of world high performance alloy market by industry,
2006
- 71. USA: Aerospace industry sales by product group, 1988 to 2008
- 72. World: Annual aircraft deliveries, 2000 to 2013
- 73. World: Civil aircraft deliveries, and world GDP, 1997 to 2007
- 74. World: Leading markets for chromium chemicals, 2008
- 75. World: Sodium dichromate production capacity, 2007,
- 76. World: consumption of chromium chemicals in leather tanning by
region, 2008
- 77. World: Regional chromium chemical consumption in CCA
preservatives, 2001 and 2007
- 78. World: Indexed ferro-chrome trade and stainless steel
production, 2003 to 2008
- 79. World: Ferro-chrome exports by major exporting country, 2003 to
2008
- 80. World: Production of chromite by leading producing countries,
2002 to 2008
- 81. World: Forecast chromite production, 2009 to 2013
- 82. World: ferro-chrome consumption vs stainless production, 2000
to 2008
- 83. World: Regional ferro-chrome consumption, 2008
- 84. World: Production of ferro-chrome by leading producing
countries, compared to stainless steel production, 2002 to 2008
- 85. World: Forecast ferro-chrome consumption, production and
stainless steel production, 2009 to 2013
- 86. Price index between European import prices for
metallurgical-grade chromite and ferro-chrome, 2001 to 2009
- 87. Average annual South African metallurgical-grade chromite
price, 1994 to 2009
- 88. Forecast real and nominal chromite price, 2000 to 2013
- 89. Japanese ferro-chrome import price, 1998 to 2008
- 90. European free market prices of charge chrome, 52% Cr, 2001 to
2009
- 91. Forecast ferro-chrome price and consumption, 2009 to 2013
- 92. Average annual prices of South African non-metallurgical grade
chromite, January 2000 to 2009
- 93. Free market prices of aluminothermic chromium metal, 99% Cr
min, year-end 2001 to 2009
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