PUBLISHER: Bizwit Research & Consulting LLP | PRODUCT CODE: 1151894
PUBLISHER: Bizwit Research & Consulting LLP | PRODUCT CODE: 1151894
Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Size study & Forecast, by Offering, by Security Type, by Technology, by End User and Regional Analysis, 2022-2029
Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market is valued at approximately USD XXX billion in 2021 and is anticipated to grow with a healthy growth rate of more than XX% over the forecast period 2022-2029. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity helps in monitoring and analyzing the associations between threats such as suspicious IP addresses, malicious files, or insiders within seconds or minutes. AI in cybersecurity provides customized risk analysis, cutting down on the time security professionals need to address risks and make important judgments. Factors such as increasing penetration of IoT and connected devices, rising instances of cyber threats, and growing concerns about data protection are the primary factors that are propelling the market growth across the globe.
As per the DataProt, in 2021, there was over 10 billion active Internet of Things devices reported 2021, and the number is expected to rise and approach 25.4 billion by 2030. Additionally, by 2025, IoT solutions are expected to produce USD 4 to 11 trillion in economic value. Therefore, the increasing adoption of Internet of Things devices is burgeoning the growth of Artificial Intelligence in the Cybersecurity Market globally. In addition, the rising vulnerability of wi-fi networks to security threats and the growing need for cloud-based security solutions among SMEs are offering lucrative prospects to the market over the forecasting years. However, the lack of interoperability with existing information systems and the inability of AI to stop zero-day and advanced threats are hindering stifles market growth throughout the forecast period of 2022-2029.
The key regions considered for the Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market study include Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and the Rest of the World. North America dominated the market in terms of revenue, owing to the growing investment in technological advancements and increasing data privacy concerns. Whereas, the Asia Pacific is expected to grow with the highest CAGR during the forecast period, owing to factors such as rising incidences of cyberattacks and the increasing number of favourable government initiatives bolstering the market growth in the impending years.
Major market players included in this report are:
NVIDIA Corporation
Intel Corporation
Xilinx Inc.
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
Micron Technology, Inc.
IBM Corporation
Amazon Web Services, Inc.
Cylance Inc.
Vectra AI, Inc.
ThreatMetrix, Inc.
Recent Developments in the Market:
- In 2019, NVIDIA declared the introduction of the Jetson Nano, an AI computer that creates it possible to make millions of intelligent systems. The CUDA-X AI computer presents 472 GFLOPS of computing performance for running modern AI workloads and is highly power-efficient, consuming as little as 5 watts.
- In February 2019, Cylance launched its Cylance native AI platform to deliver a full suite of security solutions via a single, agile agent for complete attack surface protection with deep-learning Al algorithms in its DNA to support automated threat deterrence, detection, forensic investigation, and response capabilities to customers.
Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Report Scope:
Historical Data: 2019-2020-2021
Base Year for Estimation: 2021
Forecast period: 2022-2029
Report Coverage Revenue forecast, Company Ranking, Competitive Landscape, Growth factors, and Trends
Segments Covered Offering, Security Type, Technology, End User, Region
Regional Scope North America; Europe; Asia Pacific; Latin America; Rest of the World
Customization Scope Free report customization (equivalent up to 8 analyst's working hours) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional & segment scope*
The objective of the study is to define the market sizes of different segments & countries in recent years and to forecast the values for the coming years. The report is designed to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the industry within the countries involved in the study.
The report also caters the detailed information about the crucial aspects such as driving factors & challenges which will define the market's future growth. Additionally, it also incorporates potential opportunities in micro markets for stakeholders to invest along with the detailed analysis of the competitive landscape and product offerings of key players. The detailed segments and sub-segment of the market are explained below:
By Offering:
Hardware
Software
Service
By Security Type:
Network Security
Endpoint Security
Application Security
Cloud Security
By Technology:
Machine Learning
Natural Language Processing
Context-Aware Computing
By End User:
BFSI
Government & Defense
Manufacturing
Enterprise
Healthcare
Automotive & Transportation
Others
By Region:
North America
U.S.
Canada
Europe
UK
Germany
France
Spain
Italy
ROE
Asia Pacific
China
India
Japan
Australia
South Korea
RoAPAC
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
Rest of the World
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Executive Summary
- 1.1. Market Snapshot
- 1.2. Global & Segmental Market Estimates & Forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 1.2.1. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Region, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 1.2.2. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Offering, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 1.2.3. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Security Type, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 1.2.4. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Technology, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 1.2.5. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by End User, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 1.3. Key Trends
- 1.4. Estimation Methodology
- 1.5. Research Assumption
Chapter 2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Definition and Scope
- 2.1. Objective of the Study
- 2.2. Market Definition & Scope
- 2.2.1. Scope of the Study
- 2.2.2. Industry Evolution
- 2.3. Years Considered for the Study
- 2.4. Currency Conversion Rates
Chapter 3. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Impact Analysis (2019-2029)
- 3.1.1. Market Drivers
- 3.1.1.1. Increasing penetration of IoT and connected devices
- 3.1.1.2. Rising instances of cyber threats
- 3.1.2. Market Challenges
- 3.1.2.1. Lack of Interoperability With Existing Information Systems
- 3.1.2.2. Inability of AI to stop zero-day and advanced threats
- 3.1.3. Market Opportunities
- 3.1.3.1. Rising vulnerability of wi-fi networks to security threats
- 3.1.3.2. Growing need for cloud-based security solutions among SMEs
- 3.1.1. Market Drivers
Chapter 4. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Industry Analysis
- 4.1. Porter's 5 Force Model
- 4.1.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
- 4.1.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
- 4.1.3. Threat of New Entrants
- 4.1.4. Threat of Substitutes
- 4.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
- 4.2. Futuristic Approach to Porter's 5 Force Model (2019-2029)
- 4.3. PEST Analysis
- 4.3.1. Political
- 4.3.2. Economical
- 4.3.3. Social
- 4.3.4. Technological
- 4.4. Investment Adoption Model
- 4.5. Analyst Recommendation & Conclusion
- 4.6. Top investment opportunity
- 4.7. Top winning strategies
Chapter 5. Risk Assessment: COVID-19 Impact
- 5.1. Assessment of the overall impact of COVID-19 on the industry
- 5.2. Pre COVID-19 and post COVID-19 Market scenario
Chapter 6. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Offering
- 6.1. Market Snapshot
- 6.2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by Offering, Performance - Potential Analysis
- 6.3. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Estimates & Forecasts by Offering 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 6.4. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Sub Segment Analysis
- 6.4.1. Hardware
- 6.4.2. Software
- 6.4.3. Service
Chapter 7. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Security Type
- 7.1. Market Snapshot
- 7.2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by Security Type, Performance - Potential Analysis
- 7.3. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Estimates & Forecasts by Security Type 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 7.4. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Sub Segment Analysis
- 7.4.1. Network Security
- 7.4.2. Endpoint Security
- 7.4.3. Application Security
- 7.4.4. Cloud Security
Chapter 8. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by Technology
- 8.1. Market Snapshot
- 8.2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by Technology, Performance - Potential Analysis
- 8.3. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Estimates & Forecasts by Technology 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 8.4. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Sub Segment Analysis
- 8.4.1. Machine Learning
- 8.4.2. Natural Language Processing
- 8.4.3. Context-Aware Computing
Chapter 9. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, by End User
- 9.1. Market Snapshot
- 9.2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by End User, Performance - Potential Analysis
- 9.3. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Estimates & Forecasts by End User 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- 9.4. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Sub Segment Analysis
- 9.4.1. BFSI
- 9.4.2. Government & Defense
- 9.4.3. Manufacturing
- 9.4.4. Enterprise
- 9.4.5. Healthcare
- 9.4.6. Automotive & Transportation
- 9.4.7. Others
Chapter 10. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Regional Analysis
- 10.1. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Regional Market Snapshot
- 10.2. North America Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.2.1. U.S. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.2.1.1. Offering breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
- 10.2.1.2. Security Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
- 10.2.1.3. Technology breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
- 10.2.1.4. End User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
- 10.2.2. Canada Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.2.1. U.S. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.3. Europe Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Snapshot
- 10.3.1. U.K. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.3.2. Germany Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.3.3. France Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.3.4. Spain Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.3.5. Italy Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.3.6. Rest of Europe Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.4. Asia-Pacific Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Snapshot
- 10.4.1. China Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.4.2. India Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.4.3. Japan Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.4.4. Australia Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.4.5. South Korea Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.4.6. Rest of Asia Pacific Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.5. Latin America Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market Snapshot
- 10.5.1. Brazil Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.5.2. Mexico Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- 10.6. Rest of The World Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
Chapter 11. Competitive Intelligence
- 11.1. Top Market Strategies
- 11.2. Company Profiles
- 11.2.1. NVIDIA Corporation
- 11.2.1.1. Key Information
- 11.2.1.2. Overview
- 11.2.1.3. Financial (Subject to Data Availability)
- 11.2.1.4. Product Summary
- 11.2.1.5. Recent Developments
- 11.2.2. Intel Corporation
- 11.2.3. Xilinx Inc.
- 11.2.4. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
- 11.2.5. Micron Technology, Inc.
- 11.2.6. IBM Corporation
- 11.2.7. Amazon Web Services, Inc.
- 11.2.8. Cylance Inc.
- 11.2.9. Vectra AI, Inc.
- 11.2.10. ThreatMetrix, Inc.
- 11.2.1. NVIDIA Corporation
Chapter 12. Research Process
- 12.1. Research Process
- 12.1.1. Data Mining
- 12.1.2. Analysis
- 12.1.3. Market Estimation
- 12.1.4. Validation
- 12.1.5. Publishing
- 12.2. Research Attributes
- 12.3. Research Assumption
LIST OF TABLES
- TABLE 1. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, report scope
- TABLE 2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by Region 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 3. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by Offering 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 4. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by Security Type 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 5. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by Technology 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 6. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by End User 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 7. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 8. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 9. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 10. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 11. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 12. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 13. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 14. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 15. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 16. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 17. U.S. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 18. U.S. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 19. U.S. Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 20. Canada Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 21. Canada Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 22. Canada Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 23. UK Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 24. UK Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 25. UK Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 26. Germany Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 27. Germany Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 28. Germany Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 29. France Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 30. France Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 31. France Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 32. Italy Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 33. Italy Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 34. Italy Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 35. Spain Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 36. Spain Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 37. Spain Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 38. RoE Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 39. RoE Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 40. RoE Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 41. China Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 42. China Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 43. China Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 44. India Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 45. India Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 46. India Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 47. Japan Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 48. Japan Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 49. Japan Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 50. South Korea Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 51. South Korea Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 52. South Korea Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 53. Australia Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 54. Australia Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 55. Australia Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 56. RoAPAC Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 57. RoAPAC Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 58. RoAPAC Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 59. Brazil Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 60. Brazil Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 61. Brazil Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 62. Mexico Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 63. Mexico Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 64. Mexico Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 65. RoLA Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 66. RoLA Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 67. RoLA Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 68. Row Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 69. Row Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 70. Row Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
- TABLE 71. List of secondary sources, used in the study of global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- TABLE 72. List of primary sources, used in the study of global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market
- TABLE 73. Years considered for the study
- TABLE 74. Exchange rates considered
List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable
LIST OF FIGURES
List of figures
- FIG 1. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, research methodology
- FIG 2. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, Market estimation techniques
- FIG 3. Global Market size estimates & forecast methods
- FIG 4. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, key trends 2021
- FIG 5. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, growth prospects 2022-2029
- FIG 6. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, porters 5 force model
- FIG 7. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, pest analysis
- FIG 8. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, value chain analysis
- FIG 9. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 10. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 11. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 12. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 13. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 14. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, regional snapshot 2019 & 2029
- FIG 15. North America Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 16. Europe Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 17. Asia pacific Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 18. Latin America Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
- FIG 19. Global Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity Market, company Market share analysis (2021)
List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable
