Europe Lipids Market - Industry Trends and Forecast to 2030

Description

List of Tables

The Europe lipids market is projected to register a substantial CAGR of 8.9% from 2023 to 2030. The new market report contains data for the historic year 2021, the base year of calculation is 2022, and the forecast period is 2023 to 2030.

Market Segmentation:

Europe Lipids Market, By Type (Natural Lipids and Synthetic Lipids), Lipid System (Neutral Lipids, Bacterial Lipids, Fluorescent Lipids, Bioactive Lipids, Polymerizable Lipids, Headgroup Modified Lipids, and Others), Delivery System (Liposomes, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Nanostructures Lipid Carrier, Niosomes, Transferosomes, and others), Source (Eggyolk, Soyabean, Non-GMO Soyabean, Purified Oils, Purified Fatty Acids, and Others), End User (Pharmaceutical Industries, Biotechnology Industries, Academic and Research Institutes, Cosmetic Industries, and Others), Distribution Channel (Direct Tender, Retail Sales and, Others), Country (Germany, France, U.K, Italy, Spain, Netherland, Russia, Switzerland, Turkey, Rest of Europe) Industry Trends and Forecast to 2030.

Some of the major factors contributing to the growth of Europe lipids market are:

Growing healthcare expenditure

Increasing strategic initiatives by major companies

Market Players:

The major companies which are dealing in the Europe lipids market are listed below:

Alnylam Pharmaceutical, Inc.

Croda International Plc.

Moderna Inc.

BioNTech SE.

Pfizer Inc.

Evonik Industries AG

Lipoid GmbH

Matreya LLC

VAV Life Sciences Pvt Ltd.

Curia Europe Inc.

Cargill, Incorporated

Gattefosse

CD Bioparticles

Merck KGaA

NOF EUROPE GmbH

ABITEC

Cayman Chemical

1 INTRODUCTION 44

1.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 44
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION 44
1.3 OVERVIEW OF EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET 44
1.4 LIMITATIONS 46
1.5 MARKETS COVERED 46

2 MARKET SEGMENTATION 50

2.1 MARKETS COVERED 50
2.2 GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE 51
2.3 YEARS CONSIDERED FOR THE STUDY 52
2.4 CURRENCY AND PRICING 52
2.5 DBMR TRIPOD DATA VALIDATION MODEL 53
2.6 MULTIVARIATE MODELLING 56
2.7 TYPE LIFELINE CURVE 56
2.8 PRIMARY INTERVIEWS WITH KEY OPINION LEADERS 57
2.9 DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID 58
2.10 MARKET END USER COVERAGE GRID 59
2.11 VENDOR SHARE ANALYSIS 60
2.12 SECONDARY SOURCES 61
2.13 ASSUMPTIONS 61

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 62

4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS 65

4.1 PESTEL ANALYSIS 66
4.2 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES 67
4.3 MERGER AND ACQUISITION, EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET 68
4.4 PATENT ANALYSIS, EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET 69
4.5 DRUG TREATMENT RATE BY MATURED MARKETS 70
4.6 DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS: IMPACTS ON ALL INCIDENCE RATE 71
4.7 KEY PRICING STRATEGIES 72
4.8 KEY PATIENT ENROLLMENT STRATEGIES 73
4.9 PRICE ANALYSIS, EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET 74
4.10 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, CLINICAL TRIALS 76
4.11 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, DISTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTS BY PHASE 77
4.12 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, PIPELINE ANALYSIS 78
4.13 PHASE I CANDIDATES 78
4.14 PHASE I/II CANDIDATES 79
4.15 PHASE II CANDIDATES 80
4.16 PHASE III CANDIDATES 81

5 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 82

5.1 REGULATION IN THE U.S.: 82
5.2 REGULATION IN EUROPE: 83

6 MARKET OVERVIEW 84

6.1 DRIVERS 86
- 6.1.1 INCREASE IN THE PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASES 86
- 6.1.2 RISE IN DEMAND FOR LIPIDS IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE AS WELL AS THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY 86
- 6.1.3 INCREASE IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT 87
6.2 RESTRAINTS 87
- 6.2.1 HIGH COST OF LIPID SYNTHESIS AND INCREASING COST OF RAW MATERIALS 87
- 6.2.2 STRICT GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS 88
6.3 OPPORTUNITIES 89
- 6.3.1 RISE IN HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURE 89
- 6.3.2 STRATEGIC INITIATIVES BY MARKET PLAYERS 89
6.4 CHALLENGES 90
- 6.4.1 DIFFERENT MANUFACTURING CHALLENGES FOR LIPID NANOPARTICLE PRODUCTION 90
- 6.4.2 LACK OF HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES 90

7 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY TYPE 91

7.1 OVERVIEW 92
7.2 NATURAL LIPID 95
- 7.2.1 UNSATURATED PHOSPHOLIPID 95
- 7.2.2 HYDROGENATED PHOSPHOLIPID 96
- 7.2.3 SPHINGOMYELIN 96
- 7.2.4 GLYCEROLPHOSPHOCHOLINE 96
7.3 SYNTHETIC LIPID 96
- 7.3.1 PEGYLATED PHOSPHOLIPIDS 97
- 7.3.2 PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE 97
- 7.3.3 PHOSPHATIDYGLYCEROLS 97
- 7.3.4 PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE 97
- 7.3.5 PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE 97
- 7.3.6 PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS 97

8 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY LIPID SYSTEMS 98

8.1 OVERVIEW 99
8.2 BIOACTIVE LIPIDS 102
- 8.2.1 PLANT LIPIDS 103
- 8.2.2 LIPID ACTIVATORS 103
- 8.2.3 LIPID INHIBITORS 103
- 8.2.4 AGONISTS 103
- 8.2.5 BIOACTIVE CERAMIDES 103
- 8.2.6 ACYL CARNITINE LIPIDS 103
- 8.2.7 ENDOCANNABINOIDS 104
- 8.2.8 LIPO-NUCLEOTIDES 104
- 8.2.9 LYSYL-PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROL 104
- 8.2.10 DIACYLGLYCEROL PYROPHOSPHATE (DGPP) 104
8.3 POLYMERIZABLE LIPIDS 104
- 8.3.1 FUNCTIONAL PEG LIPIDS 105
- 8.3.2 MPEG STEROLS 105
- 8.3.3 MPEG CERAMIDES 105
- 8.3.4 MPEG PHOSPHOLIPIDS 105
- 8.3.5 MPEG GLYCERIDES 105
8.4 FLUORESCENT LIPIDS 106
- 8.4.1 FLUORESCENT SPHINGOLIPIDS 107
- 8.4.2 FLUORESCENT GLYCEROLIPIDS 107
- 8.4.3 FLUORESCENT PEG LIPIDS 107
- 8.4.4 FLUORESCENT PHOSPHOLIPIDS 107
- 8.4.5 FLUORESCENT STEROLS 107
- 8.4.6 OTHERS 107
8.5 BACTERIAL LIPIDS 108
- 8.5.1 MYCOLIC LIPIDS 109
- 8.5.2 N-ACYLHOMOSERINE LIPIDS 109
- 8.5.3 BRANCHED LIPIDS 109
- 8.5.4 CYCLOPROPYL LIPIDS 109
8.6 NEUTRAL LIPIDS 109
- 8.6.1 PRENOLS 110
- 8.6.2 VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS 110
- 8.6.3 GLYCERIDES 110
- 8.6.4 EICSANOIDS 110
- 8.6.5 OXYGENATED FATTY ACIDS 110
- 8.6.6 GLYCOSYLATED DIACYL GLYCEROLS 110
- 8.6.7 PROSTAGLANDINS 110
8.7 HEADGROUP MODIFIED LIPIDS 111
- 8.7.1 FUNCTIONAL LIPIDS 112
- 8.7.2 ANTIGENIC LIPIDS 112
- 8.7.3 GLYCOSYLATED LIPIDS 112
- 8.7.4 CHELATORS 112
- 8.7.5 ADHESIVE LIPIDS 112
- 8.7.6 SNAP-TAG REACTING LIPIDS 112
- 8.7.7 ALKYL PHOSPHATES 112
8.8 OTHERS 113

9 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY DELIVERY SYSTEMS 114

9.1 OVERVIEW 115
9.2 LIPOSOMES 118
- 9.2.1 LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA 119
  - 9.2.1.1 DOTAP LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA DELIVERY 119
  - 9.2.1.2 DDAB LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA DELIVERY 119
  - 9.2.1.3 GL-67 LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA DELIVERY 119
  - 9.2.1.4 DC-CHOLESTEROL LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA DELIVERY 119
  - 9.2.1.5 DOTMA LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA DELIVERY 120
  - 9.2.1.6 DODAP LIPOSOMES FOR DNA/RNA DELIVERY 120
- 9.2.2 REACTIVE LIPOSOMES 120
  - 9.2.2.1 SUCCINYL LIPOSOMES 120
  - 9.2.2.2 DBCO LIPOSOMES 120
  - 9.2.2.3 BIOTINYLATED LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.4 CARBOXYLIC ACID LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.5 AMINE LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.6 CYANUR LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.7 AZIDE LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.8 FOLATE LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.9 DODECANYL LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.10 NI REACTIVE LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.11 PDP LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.12 GLUTARYL LIPOSOMES 121
  - 9.2.2.13 OTHERS 121
- 9.2.3 DRUG LOADED LIPOSOMES 122
- 9.2.4 PLAIN LIPOSOMES 122
  - 9.2.4.1 CARDIOLIPIN LIPIDS LIPOSOMES 122
  - 9.2.4.2 DOTAP LIPOSOMES 122
  - 9.2.4.3 PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE LIPOSOMES 122
  - 9.2.4.4 PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE LIPOSOMES 122
  - 9.2.4.5 PHOSPHATIDYL GLYCEROL LIPOSOMES 122
  - 9.2.4.6 OTHERS 123
9.3 SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES 123
9.4 NANOSTRUCTURES LIPID CARRIER 124
9.5 TRANSFEROSOMES 125
9.6 NIOSOMES 126
9.7 OTHERS 127

10 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY SOURCE 128

10.1 OVERVIEW 129
10.2 PURIFIED FATTY ACIDS 132
10.3 PURIFIED OILS 133
10.4 EGG YOLK 134
10.5 SOYABEAN 135
10.6 NON-GMO SOYABEAN 136
10.7 OTHERS 137

11 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY END USER 138

11.1 OVERVIEW 139
11.2 PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES 142
11.3 BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIES 143
11.4 COSMETIC INDUSTRIES 144
11.5 ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES 144
11.6 OTHERS 145

12 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL 146

12.1 OVERVIEW 147
12.2 DIRECT TENDER 150
12.3 RETAIL SALES 151
12.4 OTHERS 152

13 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET, BY REGION 153

13.1 EUROPE 154
- 13.1.1 GERMANY 166
- 13.1.2 U.K. 173
- 13.1.3 ITALY 180
- 13.1.4 SPAIN 187
- 13.1.5 FRANCE 194
- 13.1.6 SWITZERLAND 201
- 13.1.7 BELGIUM 208
- 13.1.8 NETHERLANDS 215
- 13.1.9 RUSSIA 222
- 13.1.10 TURKEY 229
- 13.1.11 REST OF EUROPE 236

14 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: COMPANY LANDSCAPE 237

14.1 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS: EUROPE 237

15 SWOT ANALYSIS 238

16 COMPANY PROFILE 239

16.1 BIONTECH SE. 239
- 16.1.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 239
- 16.1.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 240
- 16.1.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 240
- 16.1.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 240
- 16.1.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 241
16.2 MODERNA, INC. 242
- 16.2.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 242
- 16.2.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 242
- 16.2.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 243
- 16.2.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 243
- 16.2.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 243
16.3 PFIZER INC. 244
- 16.3.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 244
- 16.3.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 244
- 16.3.3 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 245
- 16.3.4 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 245
- 16.3.5 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 245
16.4 CARGILL, INCORPORATED. 246
- 16.4.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 246
- 16.4.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 246
- 16.4.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 246
- 16.4.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 246
16.5 KERRY. 247
- 16.5.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 247
- 16.5.2 COMPANY SHARE ANALYSIS 247
- 16.5.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 248
- 16.5.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 248
16.6 ABITEC 249
- 16.6.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 249
- 16.6.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 249
- 16.6.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 249
16.7 ADMSIO 251
- 16.7.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 251
- 16.7.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 251
- 16.7.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 251
16.8 ALNYLAM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. 252
- 16.8.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 252
- 16.8.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 252
- 16.8.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 253
- 16.8.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 253
16.9 BASF SE 254
- 16.9.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 254
- 16.9.2 REVENUE ANALYSIS 255
- 16.9.3 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 255
- 16.9.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 255
16.10 CAYMAN CHEMICAL 256
- 16.10.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 256
- 16.10.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 256
- 16.10.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 256
16.11 CD BIOPARTCLES. 257
- 16.11.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 257
- 16.11.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 257
- 16.11.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 257
16.12 CHEMI S.P.A. 258
- 16.12.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 258
- 16.12.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 258
- 16.12.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 258
16.13 CORDENPHARMA INTERNATIONAL 259
- 16.13.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 259
- 16.13.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 259
- 16.13.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 259

16.14 CRODA INTERNATIONAL PLC. 261
- 16.14.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 261
- 16.14.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 261
- 16.14.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 261
16.15 CURIA EUROPE, INC. 262
- 16.15.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 262
- 16.15.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 262
- 16.15.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 262
16.16 DSM 264
- 16.16.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 264
- 16.16.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 264
- 16.16.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 264
16.17 EVONIK INDUSTRIES AG 265
- 16.17.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 265
- 16.17.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 265
- 16.17.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 265
16.18 GATTEFOSSE 267
- 16.18.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 267
- 16.18.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 267
- 16.18.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 267
16.19 LIPOID GMBH 268
- 16.19.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 268
- 16.19.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 268
- 16.19.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENT 269
16.20 MATREYA, LLC 270
- 16.20.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 270
- 16.20.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 270
- 16.20.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 270
16.21 MERCK KGAA 271
- 16.21.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 271
- 16.21.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 271
- 16.21.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 271
16.22 NOF EUROPE GMBH 272
- 16.22.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 272
- 16.22.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 272
- 16.22.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 272
16.23 STEPAN COMPANY 273
- 16.23.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 273
- 16.23.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 273
- 16.23.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 273
16.24 TOKYO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD. 275
- 16.24.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 275
- 16.24.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 275
- 16.24.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 275
16.25 VAV LIFE SCIENCES PVT LTD 276
- 16.25.1 COMPANY SNAPSHOT 276
- 16.25.2 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO 276
- 16.25.3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 276

17 QUESTIONNAIRE 277

18 RELATED REPORTS 281

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 1 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: SEGMENTATION 30
FIGURE 2 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: DATA TRIANGULATION 33
FIGURE 3 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: DROC ANALYSIS 34
FIGURE 4 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: EUROPE VS REGIONAL MARKET ANALYSIS 35
FIGURE 5 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: COMPANY RESEARCH ANALYSIS 35
FIGURE 6 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: INTERVIEW DEMOGRAPHICS 37
FIGURE 7 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: DBMR MARKET POSITION GRID 38
FIGURE 8 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: MARKET END USER COVERAGE GRID 39
FIGURE 9 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: VENDOR SHARE ANALYSIS 40
FIGURE 10 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: SEGMENTATION 44
FIGURE 11 THE GROWING PRVALENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND RISING DEMAND FOR LIPIDS IN VARIOUS INDUSTRIES ARE EXPECTED TO DRIVE THE EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET IN THE FORECAST PERIOD OF 2023 TO 2030 45
FIGURE 12 TESTING SERVICES SEGMENT IS EXPECTED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE LARGEST SHARE OF THE EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET IN 2023 & 2030 45
FIGURE 13 DRIVERS, RESTRAINTS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES OF THE EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET 65
FIGURE 14 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY TYPE, 2022 72
FIGURE 15 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY TYPE, 2023-2030 (USD MILLION) 73
FIGURE 16 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY TYPE, CAGR (2023-2030) 73
FIGURE 17 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY TYPE, LIFELINE CURVE 74
FIGURE 18 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY LIPID SYSTEMS, 2022 79
FIGURE 19 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY LIPID SYSTEMS, 2023-2030 (USD MILLION) 80
FIGURE 20 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY LIPID SYSTEMS, CAGR (2023-2030) 80
FIGURE 21 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY LIPID SYSTEMS, LIFELINE CURVE 81
FIGURE 22 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 2022 95
FIGURE 23 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 2023-2030 (USD MILLION) 96
FIGURE 24 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DELIVERY SYSTEMS, CAGR (2023-2030) 96
FIGURE 25 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DELIVERY SYSTEMS, LIFELINE CURVE 97
FIGURE 26 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY SOURCE, 2022 109
FIGURE 27 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY SOURCE, 2023-2030 (USD MILLION) 110
FIGURE 28 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY SOURCE, CAGR (2023-2030) 110
FIGURE 29 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY SOURCE, LIFELINE CURVE 111
FIGURE 30 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY END USER, 2022 119
FIGURE 31 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY END USER, 2023-2030 (USD MILLION) 120
FIGURE 32 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY END USER, CAGR (2023-2030) 120
FIGURE 33 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY END USER, LIFELINE CURVE 121
FIGURE 34 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL, 2022 127
FIGURE 35 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL, 2023-2030 (USD MILLION) 128
FIGURE 36 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL, CAGR (2023-2030) 128
FIGURE 37 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL, LIFELINE CURVE 129
FIGURE 38 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: SNAPSHOT (2022) 135
FIGURE 39 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY COUNTRY (2022) 137
FIGURE 40 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY COUNTRY (2023 & 2030) 137
FIGURE 41 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY COUNTRY (2022 & 2030) 138
FIGURE 42 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: BY TYPE (2023 & 2030) 138
FIGURE 43 EUROPE LIPIDS MARKET: COMPANY SHARE 2022 (%) 217