Charging Infrastructure for Heavy Commercial Vehicles in Europe and North America, 1st Edition

Table of Contents

• Table of Contents
• Table of Contents
• List of Figures
• Executive Summary

1. Commercial Vehicle Charging in Europe and North America

• 1.1. User segments
  • 1.1.1. Heavy Commercial Vehicles
  • 1.1.2. Buses
  • 1.1.3. Construction equipment
  • 1.1.4. Use Cases
• 1.2. Electric CV range
• 1.3. Electric commercial vehicle charging infrastructure in Europe
• 1.4. Electric commercial vehicle charging infrastructure in North America
• 1.5. The electric commercial vehicle market
  • 1.5.1. Vehicle types
  • 1.5.2. The electric commercial vehicle market in Europe
  • 1.5.3. The electric commercial vehicle market in North America
• 1.6. Charging strategies
  • 1.6.1. Depot charging
  • 1.6.2. Destination charging
  • 1.6.3. Opportunity charging
• 1.7. Market players
  • 1.7.1. Charge point operators (CPOs)
  • 1.7.2. Heavy commercial vehicle OEMs
  • 1.7.3. Hardware and software providers

2. Charging Technologies and Standards

• 2.1. Electric vehicle charging
  • 2.1.1. AC and DC
• 2.2. Battery capacity and charging time
• 2.3. Connector standards
  • 2.3.1. Type 1/SAE J1772
  • 2.3.2. Type 2
  • 2.3.3. Combined Charging System (CCS)
  • 2.3.4. Megawatt Charging System (MCS)
  • 2.3.5. CHAdeMO
  • 2.3.6. North American Charging Standard (Tesla)
  • 2.3.7. GB/T
  • 2.3.8. Pantograph charging
  • 2.3.9. Overhead catenary charging
  • 2.3.10. Wireless Charging
• 2.4. Connectivity and management software
  • 2.4.1. Cellular IoT gateways, routers and modems
  • 2.4.2. The Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)
  • 2.4.3. Charging station management software
• 2.5. Payment solutions
  • 2.5.1. Mobile payments and RFID tags
  • 2.5.2. ISO 15118
  • 2.5.3. Autocharge
  • 2.5.4. Payment terminals

3. Vehicle Manufacturers

• 3.1. BYD
• 3.2. Daimler Truck
  • 3.2.1. Freightliner
  • 3.2.2. Thomas Built Buses
  • 3.2.3. Mercedes-Benz Trucks
• 3.3. Iveco Group
  • 3.3.1. Nikola Corporation
• 3.4. PACCAR
  • 3.4.1. Peterbilt
  • 3.4.2. Kenworth
  • 3.4.3. DAF
• 3.5. TRATON
  • 3.5.1. Scania
  • 3.5.2. MAN Truck & Bus
  • 3.5.3. Navistar
• 3.6. Volvo Group
  • 3.6.1. Volvo Trucks
  • 3.6.2. Mack Trucks
  • 3.6.3. Renault Trucks
  • 3.6.4. Volvo Buses and Nova Bus
• 3.7. Einride
• 3.8. Tesla
• 3.9. Volta Trucks
• 3.10. Quantron
• 3.11. Lion Electric
• 3.12. Xos Trucks
• 3.13. Emerging actors

4. Charge Point Operators

• 4.1. Europe
  • 4.1.1. BP Pulse
  • 4.1.2. Circle K
  • 4.1.3. E.ON
  • 4.1.4. EnBW
  • 4.1.5. Enel X
  • 4.1.6. Fastned
  • 4.1.7. GOFAST
  • 4.1.8. Iberdrola
  • 4.1.9. Ionity
  • 4.1.10. Kople
  • 4.1.11. Milence
  • 4.1.12. Nimbnet
  • 4.1.13. Rifil
  • 4.1.14. Shell Recharge Solutions
  • 4.1.15. Vattenfall
  • 4.1.16. Virta
• 4.2. North America
  • 4.2.1. Blink Charging
  • 4.2.2. ChargePoint
  • 4.2.3. Electrify America
  • 4.2.4. EVgo
  • 4.2.5. Forum Mobility
  • 4.2.6. Greenlane
  • 4.2.7. Hydro-Québec
  • 4.2.8. TeraWatt Infrastructure
  • 4.2.9. WattEV
• 4.3. Additional CPOs

5. Hardware and Software Providers

• 5.1. Europe
  • 5.1.1. ABB
  • 5.1.2. ADS-TEC Energy
  • 5.1.3. Alpitronic (Hypercharger)
  • 5.1.4. Ampeco
  • 5.1.5. Charge Amps
  • 5.1.6. Charge-V
  • 5.1.7. Circontrol
  • 5.1.8. Driivz
  • 5.1.9. Ecotap
  • 5.1.10. Efacec
  • 5.1.11. Ekoenergetyka
  • 5.1.12. EnerCharge
  • 5.1.13. Enersense
  • 5.1.14. EVBox
  • 5.1.15. Evtec
  • 5.1.16. E-Totem
  • 5.1.17. GreenFlux
  • 5.1.18. Heliox
  • 5.1.19. Ingeteam
  • 5.1.20. IES Synergy
  • 5.1.21. Kempower
  • 5.1.22. Kostad
  • 5.1.23. Last Mile Solutions
  • 5.1.24. L-Charge
  • 5.1.25. Optimile
  • 5.1.26. Siemens
  • 5.1.27. Tritium
• 5.2. North America
  • 5.2.1. BorgWarner
  • 5.2.2. BTC Power (E.ON.)
  • 5.2.3. ChargePoint
  • 5.2.4. Delta Electronics
  • 5.2.5. Demand Detroit
  • 5.2.6. EV Connect
  • 5.2.7. EverCharge
  • 5.2.8. EvGateway
  • 5.2.9. FreeWire Technologies
  • 5.2.10. InCharge Energy
  • 5.2.11. Noodoe
  • 5.2.12. Proterra
  • 5.2.13. SK Signet
  • 5.2.14. Tellus Power Green
• 5.3. Additional hardware and software providers

6. Early Use Cases

• 6.1. DFSD electrifies A-B routes together with Volvo Trucks
• 6.2. Tesla delivers 36 Tesla Semis to PepsiCo
• 6.3. MTAs road to electrify bus-traffic in New York City
• 6.4. Boliden deploys underground electric trucks for mining
• 6.5. ARC operates Scania electric refuse trucks in Copenhagen
• 6.6. Schneider adds close to 100 electric Freightliner eCascadia

7. Market Analysis and Trends

• 7.1. Market analysis
  • 7.1.1. Market forecasts
  • 7.1.2. Regional market analysis
  • 7.1.3. Government incentives and investments in Europe
  • 7.1.4. Government incentives and investments in North America
• 7.2. Value chain analysis
  • 7.2.1. DC charging hardware providers
  • 7.2.2. Software providers and charge point operators
  • 7.2.3. Commercial vehicle OEMs
  • 7.2.4. Mergers and acquisitions
• 7.3. Market drivers and barriers
  • 7.3.1. Drivers
  • 7.3.2. Barriers
• 7.4. Market trends
  • 7.4.1. Demand for public en route and destination charging to increase rapidly
  • 7.4.2. The electric commercial vehicle market continues to grow fast
  • 7.4.3. Open architectures alter the EV charging value chain
  • 7.4.4. A modular design improves the case for DC charging
  • 7.4.5. Electric Trucking as a Service (TaaS) is an attractive model
  • 7.4.6. Battery buffered charging solving grid connectivity issues
• List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

List of Figures

• Figure 1.1: The number of needed public and destination chargers for CVs (EU27+ UK)
• Figure 1.2: Required public and destination chargers for CVs class 4-8 (North America)
• Figure 1.3: Energy battery prices (2020-2030)
• Figure 1.4: Registered medium and heavy CVs by fuel type (Europe 2021)
• Figure 1.5: Total number of active N2 & N3 BEV trucks by country (EU27+EFTA+UK)
• Figure 1.6: Truck classes and examples of vehicles
• Figure 1.7: Registered medium and heavy CVs by fuel type (North America 2021)
• Figure 1.8: Total number of active class 2B-8 BEV trucks (North America 2018-2022)
• Figure 2.1: Alternative Current (AC) and Direct Current charging (DC) charging
• Figure 2.2: Examples of battery capacity for different truck models
• Figure 2.3: Theoretical charging times for a 500-kWh battery
• Figure 2.4: Connector standards by geographical region
• Figure 2.5: MCS connector
• Figure 2.6: Variants of pantograph charging
• Figure 2.7: Common features in cellular IoT gateways and routers
• Figure 2.8: Examples of routers used in EV charging applications
• Figure 2.9: Overview of a cluster configuration
• Figure 2.10: Example of a dashboard for management of charging operations
• Figure 2.11: Example of RFID card and tag
• Figure 2.12: Examples of payment terminals for EV charging stations
• Figure 3.1: Freightliner eCascadia
• Figure 3.2: Scania electric truck and ABB charging station
• Figure 3.3: Volvo FM Electric
• Figure 3.4: Tesla Semi trucks
• Figure 3.5: List of emerging actors
• Figure 4.1: BP Pulse charging corridor for commercial vehicles
• Figure 4.2: Circle K charging station in Gothenburg
• Figure 4.3: EnBW truck charging park
• Figure 4.4: GOFAST commercial vehicle charging station
• Figure 4.5: EVgo chargers for heavy-duty appliances
• Figure 4.6: Greenlane truck charging station
• Figure 4.7: TeraWatt Infrastructure charging station
• Figure 4.8: WattEV's planned charging station
• Figure 4.9: Additional CPOs
• Figure 5.1: The Terra 360 from ABB
• Figure 5.2: ADS-TEC Energy's ChargePost and ChargeBox options and dispenser
• Figure 5.3: The Hypercharger HYC300
• Figure 5.4: Ecotap's DC150/180 chargers
• Figure 5.5: Troniq Modular from EVBox
• Figure 5.6: Kempower Satellite and Station Charger
• Figure 5.7: Unity360 from Kostad
• Figure 5.8: The Tritium RT350
• Figure 5.9: BTC Power's Gen 4 and 350 kW Dispenser unit
• Figure 5.10: Additional hardware and software providers
• Figure 6.1: DFDS electric trucks from Volvo Trucks
• Figure 6.2: Delivery of Tesla Semis to PepsiCo
• Figure 6.3: Nova Bus model LFSe+ for MTA in New York
• Figure 6.4: Volvo FH Electric in Boliden mine
• Figure 6.5: Scania Electric refuse truck in Copenhagen
• Figure 7.1: Installed base and shipments of charging points (Europe 2022-2030)
• Figure 7.2: Connected charging points by technology (Europe 2022-2030)
• Figure 7.3: Installed base and shipments of charging points (North America 2022-2030)
• Figure 7.4: Connected charging points by technology (North America 2022-2030)
• Figure 7.5: Reduction targets for different vehicle types in Europe (2025-2040)
• Figure 7.6: Distance targets for electric truck and bus recharging stations
• Figure 7.7: Examples of charging infrastructure incentives in European countries
• Figure 7.8: Example of subsidies aimed at electric CVs in the EU
• Figure 7.9: Estimated targets for recharging stations for electric commercial vehicles
• Figure 7.10: Geographical presence of the leading DC hardware providers
• Figure 7.11: Installed base of DC charging stations by vendor (Europe Q4-2022)
• Figure 7.12: Installed base of DC charging stations by vendor (North America Q4-2022)
• Figure 7.13: M&As related to heavy commercial vehicle charging (2021-2023)