PUBLISHER: DelveInsight | PRODUCT CODE: 1173633
PUBLISHER: DelveInsight | PRODUCT CODE: 1173633
DelveInsight's 'Spasticity Overview - Epidemiology Forecast-2032' report delivers an in-depth understanding of the spasticity historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the spasticity epidemiology trends in the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan.
Spasticity is a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or muscle stiffness, which might interfere with movement and speech or be associated with discomfort or pain. Spasticity may be associated with spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke, brain or head trauma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, hereditary spastic paraplegias, and metabolic diseases such as adrenoleukodystrophy, phenylketonuria, and Krabbe disease. Symptoms may include hypertonicity (increased muscle tone), clonus (a series of rapid muscle contractions), exaggerated deep tendon reflexes, muscle spasms, scissoring (involuntary crossing of the legs), and fixed joints (contractures). The degree of spasticity varies from mild muscle stiffness to severe, painful, and uncontrollable muscle spasms. Spasticity can interfere with rehabilitation in patients with certain disorders and often interferes with daily activities.
The pathophysiologic basis of spasticity is incompletely understood. Polysynaptic responses may be involved in the spinal cord-mediated spasticity, while enhanced excitability of monosynaptic pathways is involved in cortically mediated spasticity. Spasticity-related changes in muscle tone probably result from alterations in the balance of inputs from reticulospinal and other descending pathways to the motor and interneuronal circuits of the spinal cord, along with the absence of an intact corticospinal system. Loss of descending tonic or phasic excitatory and inhibitory inputs to the spinal motor apparatus, alterations in the segmental balance of excitatory and inhibitory control, denervation super sensitivity, and neuronal sprouting may be observed.
In a person with cerebral palsy (CP), brain damage is in the area that controls muscle tone and movement of the arms and legs. Therefore, the brains of people with cerebral palsy cannot influence the number of flexibility muscles should have. The command from the muscle itself dominates the spinal cord and results in muscles that are too tense or spastic. The patients born with cerebral palsy do not have deformities of the extremities present at birth but develop them over time. Spasticity of muscles, along with the limitations on stretching and the use of muscles in daily activities, is a major cause of these deformities.
Spasticity is one of the most common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and is defined as muscle stiffness that is frequently generalized and causes more or less continuous rigidity. It is normally associated with temporary periods of worsening in the form of involuntary muscle spasms, and all the while, muscle function is progressively lost. Spasticity is one of the primary reasons for disability in multiple sclerosis since it is associated with pain, changes in bladder function and sleep, and the inability to walk and perform other movements, including those required for personal hygiene.
The epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted epidemiology segmented by Total Cases of Spasticity, Indication-specific Cases of Spasticity, and Severity-specific Cases of Spasticity scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032.
Study Period: 2019-2032.