Pet Milk Replacer Market - Global Pet Milk Replacer Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast 2023-2030 - (By Pet Type Coverage, By Form Coverage, By Distribution Channel Coverage, By Geographic Coverage and By Company)

PUBLISHED: March 18, 2024

PAGES: 169 Pages

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Description

The global pet care industry is experiencing a profound transformation, driven by shifting consumer preferences and an increasing emphasis on pet health and well-being. Within this dynamic landscape, the pet milk replacer market emerges as a significant segment poised for remarkable growth. Recent forecasts by Fairfield Market Research project unprecedented revenues, with the market expected to surge to US$471.3 billion by 2030, a substantial increase from the US$297.4 billion recorded in 2022. This surge is underpinned by a confluence of factors, including the growing adoption of household pets, rising demand for complete nutrition solutions, and evolving consumer attitudes towards milk substitutes for pets.

Growing Demand for Complete Nutrition Solutions

A key driver behind the exponential growth of the pet milk replacer market is the escalating demand for complete and nutrient-dense diets for pets, particularly dogs. As more households welcome pets into their families, pet owners are increasingly prioritizing the health and well-being of their furry companions. This trend is fueling the adoption of pet milk replacers, which offer a convenient and reliable solution to meet the nutritional needs of pets, especially newborn animals deprived of colostrum milk or those with insufficient access to maternal milk.

Shift Towards Milk Substitutes

The global trend of rising milk prices has prompted consumers to explore alternative milk products, further driving the demand for pet milk replacers. Pet owners are increasingly turning towards milk substitutes as a viable option to ensure optimal nutrition for their pets while mitigating the impact of escalating milk costs. This shift in consumer behavior is not only driven by economic considerations but also by the perceived health benefits associated with alternative milk products. Pet milk replacers offer a rich source of essential nutrients, facilitating the healthy growth and development of pets across various life stages.

Dominance of the Powder Segment

Within the pet milk replacer market, the powder segment is anticipated to dominate in terms of market share. This preference for powdered formulations can be attributed to several factors, including extended shelf life, ease of transportation, storage, and handling. Powdered pet milk replacers offer convenience and versatility, making them a preferred choice among pet owners seeking practical solutions to meet their pets' nutritional needs. Manufacturers are innovating to cater to evolving consumer preferences, introducing new formulations and product variants to address diverse market demands.

Regional Dynamics

Geographically, North America is expected to maintain its position as the leading market for pet milk replacers, driven by factors such as the rising trend of pet adoption and increasing disposable income among consumers. The region boasts a large pet population, high levels of pet ownership, and growing awareness of the health benefits associated with pet ownership. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region presents significant growth opportunities, fueled by rapid urbanization, increasing pet adoption rates, and rising disposable incomes. Manufacturers are poised to capitalize on these trends, expanding their presence and tapping into emerging markets to drive growth and profitability.

Challenges

Despite the promising growth prospects, the pet milk replacer market faces certain challenges that may hinder its expansion. These include growing production costs associated with formulating high-quality products, stringent government regulations governing pet milk production, and the need for ongoing quality control measures to ensure product safety and compliance. Manufacturers must navigate these challenges effectively to sustain growth and remain competitive in the market.

Opportunities

Amidst the challenges, there are ample opportunities for market players to capitalize on emerging trends and consumer preferences. The growing adoption of pet cafes presents a lucrative avenue for market expansion, offering unique experiences and interactions with animals for patrons. Additionally, investments in innovative nutritional solutions and the availability of diverse milk substitute variants offer promising prospects for future growth and product development. By embracing innovation and strategic partnerships, manufacturers can unlock new avenues for growth and differentiation in the competitive pet milk replacer market.

Competitive analysis

In a consolidated market landscape, key players such as Pet Ag, Inc., Beaphar, B.V., and Manna Pro Products, LLC, are leading the charge with innovative product offerings and strategic expansion initiatives. These industry leaders are leveraging their expertise and market insights to shape the future of the global pet milk replacer market, driving innovation and meeting the evolving needs of pet owners worldwide.

Global Pet Milk Replacer Market is Segmented as Below:

By Pet Type:

By Form:

Powder
Liquid

By Distribution Channel:

Pet Specialty Stores
Hypermarket/Supermarket
Drug Stores
Veterinary Clinics
Online Retail

By Geographic Coverage:

North America
- U.S.
- Canada
Europe
- Germany
- U.K.
- France
- Italy
- Turkey
- Russia
- Rest of Europe
Asia Pacific
- China
- Japan
- South Korea
- India
- Southeast Asia
- Rest of Asia Pacific
Latin America
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Argentina
- Rest of Latin America
Middle East & Africa
- GCC
- South Africa
- Egypt
- Nigeria
- Rest of Middle East & Africa

1. Executive Summary

1.1. Global Pet Milk Replacer Market Snapshot
1.2. Future Projections
1.3. Key Market Trends
1.4. Regional Snapshot, by Value, 2022
1.5. Analyst Recommendations

2. Market Overview

2.1. Market Definitions and Segmentations
2.2. Market Dynamics
- 2.2.1. Drivers
- 2.2.2. Restraints
- 2.2.3. Market Opportunities
2.3. Value Chain Analysis
2.4. Porter's Five Forces Analysis
2.5. Covid-19 Impact Analysis
- 2.5.1. Supply
- 2.5.2. Demand
2.6. Impact of Ukraine-Russia Conflict
2.7. Economic Overview
- 2.7.1. World Economic Projections
2.8. PESTLE Analysis

3. Global Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, 2018 - 2030

3.1. Global Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 3.1.1. Key Highlights
  - 3.1.1.1. Cat
  - 3.1.1.2. Dog
3.2. Global Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 3.2.1. Key Highlights
  - 3.2.1.1. Powder
  - 3.2.1.2. Liquid
3.3. Global Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 3.3.1. Key Highlights
  - 3.3.1.1. Pet Specialty Stores
  - 3.3.1.2. Hypermarket/Supermarket
  - 3.3.1.3. Drug Stores
  - 3.3.1.4. Veterinary Clinics
  - 3.3.1.5. Online Retail
3.4. Global Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Region, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 3.4.1. Key Highlights
  - 3.4.1.1. North America
  - 3.4.1.2. Europe
  - 3.4.1.3. Asia Pacific
  - 3.4.1.4. Latin America
  - 3.4.1.5. Middle East & Africa

4. North America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, 2018 - 2030

4.1. North America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 4.1.1. Key Highlights
  - 4.1.1.1. Cat
  - 4.1.1.2. Dog
4.2. North America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 4.2.1. Key Highlights
  - 4.2.1.1. Powder
  - 4.2.1.2. Liquid
4.3. North America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 4.3.1. Key Highlights
  - 4.3.1.1. Pet Specialty Stores
  - 4.3.1.2. Hypermarket/Supermarket
  - 4.3.1.3. Drug Stores
  - 4.3.1.4. Veterinary Clinics
  - 4.3.1.5. Online Retail
- 4.3.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis
4.4. North America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 4.4.1. Key Highlights
  - 4.4.1.1. U.S. Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 4.4.1.2. U.S. Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 4.4.1.3. U.S. Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 4.4.1.4. Canada Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 4.4.1.5. Canada Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 4.4.1.6. Canada Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 4.4.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

5. Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, 2018 - 2030

5.1. Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 5.1.1. Key Highlights
  - 5.1.1.1. Cat
  - 5.1.1.2. Dog
5.2. Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 5.2.1. Key Highlights
  - 5.2.1.1. Powder
  - 5.2.1.2. Liquid
5.3. Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 5.3.1. Key Highlights
  - 5.3.1.1. Pet Specialty Stores
  - 5.3.1.2. Hypermarket/Supermarket
  - 5.3.1.3. Drug Stores
  - 5.3.1.4. Veterinary Clinics
  - 5.3.1.5. Online Retail
- 5.3.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis
5.4. Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 5.4.1. Key Highlights
  - 5.4.1.1. Germany Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.2. Germany Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.3. Germany Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.4. U.K. Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.5. U.K. Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.6. U.K. Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.7. France Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.8. France Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.9. France Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.10. Italy Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.11. Italy Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.12. Italy Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.13. Turkey Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.14. Turkey Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.15. Turkey Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.16. Russia Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.17. Russia Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.18. Russia Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.19. Rest of Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.20. Rest of Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 5.4.1.21. Rest of Europe Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 5.4.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

6. Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, 2018 - 2030

6.1. Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 6.1.1. Key Highlights
  - 6.1.1.1. Cat
  - 6.1.1.2. Dog
6.2. Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 6.2.1. Key Highlights
  - 6.2.1.1. Powder
  - 6.2.1.2. Liquid
6.3. Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 6.3.1. Key Highlights
  - 6.3.1.1. Pet Specialty Stores
  - 6.3.1.2. Hypermarket/Supermarket
  - 6.3.1.3. Drug Stores
  - 6.3.1.4. Veterinary Clinics
  - 6.3.1.5. Online Retail
- 6.3.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis
6.4. Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 6.4.1. Key Highlights
  - 6.4.1.1. China Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.2. China Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.3. China Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.4. Japan Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.5. Japan Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.6. Japan Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.7. South Korea Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.8. South Korea Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.9. South Korea Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.10. India Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.11. India Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.12. India Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.13. Southeast Asia Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.14. Southeast Asia Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.15. Southeast Asia Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.16. Rest of Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.17. Rest of Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 6.4.1.18. Rest of Asia Pacific Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 6.4.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

7. Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, 2018 - 2030

7.1. Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 7.1.1. Key Highlights
  - 7.1.1.1. Cat
  - 7.1.1.2. Dog
7.2. Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 7.2.1. Key Highlights
  - 7.2.1.1. Powder
  - 7.2.1.2. Liquid
7.3. Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 7.3.1. Key Highlights
  - 7.3.1.1. Pet Specialty Stores
  - 7.3.1.2. Hypermarket/Supermarket
  - 7.3.1.3. Drug Stores
  - 7.3.1.4. Veterinary Clinics
  - 7.3.1.5. Online Retail
- 7.3.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis
7.4. Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 7.4.1. Key Highlights
  - 7.4.1.1. Brazil Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.2. Brazil Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.3. Brazil Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.4. Mexico Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.5. Mexico Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.6. Mexico Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.7. Argentina Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.8. Argentina Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.9. Argentina Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.10. Rest of Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.11. Rest of Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 7.4.1.12. Rest of Latin America Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 7.4.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

8. Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, 2018 - 2030

8.1. Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 8.1.1. Key Highlights
  - 8.1.1.1. Cat
  - 8.1.1.2. Dog
8.2. Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 8.2.1. Key Highlights
  - 8.2.1.1. Powder
  - 8.2.1.2. Liquid
8.3. Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 8.3.1. Key Highlights
  - 8.3.1.1. Pet Specialty Stores
  - 8.3.1.2. Hypermarket/Supermarket
  - 8.3.1.3. Drug Stores
  - 8.3.1.4. Veterinary Clinics
  - 8.3.1.5. Online Retail
- 8.3.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis
8.4. Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 8.4.1. Key Highlights
  - 8.4.1.1. GCC Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.2. GCC Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.3. GCC Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.4. South Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.5. South Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.6. South Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.7. Egypt Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.8. Egypt Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.9. Egypt Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.10. Nigeria Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.11. Nigeria Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.12. Nigeria Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.13. Rest of Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market by Pet Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.14. Rest of Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Form Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
  - 8.4.1.15. Rest of Middle East & Africa Pet Milk Replacer Market Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2018 - 2030
- 8.4.2. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

9. Competitive Landscape

9.1. Distribution Channel vs Application Heatmap
9.2. Manufacturer vs Application Heatmap
9.3. Company Market Share Analysis, 2022
9.4. Competitive Dashboard
9.5. Company Profiles
- 9.5.1. Pet Ag, Inc.
  - 9.5.1.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.1.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.1.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.1.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.2. Beaphar, B.V.
  - 9.5.2.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.2.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.2.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.2.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.3. Manna Pro Products, LLC
  - 9.5.3.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.3.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.3.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.3.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.4. Royal Canin
  - 9.5.4.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.4.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.4.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.4.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.5. Venky,s
  - 9.5.5.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.5.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.5.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.5.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.6. Liprovit BV
  - 9.5.6.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.6.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.6.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.6.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.7. Hartz
  - 9.5.7.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.7.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.7.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.7.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.8. Breeders' Edge
  - 9.5.8.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.8.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.8.3. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.9. Nutreco N.V.
  - 9.5.9.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.9.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.9.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.9.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.10. Drools
  - 9.5.10.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.10.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.10.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.10.4. Business Strategies and Development
- 9.5.11. Tu Meke Friend
  - 9.5.11.1. Company Overview
  - 9.5.11.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.5.11.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.5.11.4. Business Strategies and Development