E-bikes Market - Global E-bikes Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast 2025-2032 - (By Type, By Battery Type, By Motor Type, By Mode of Operation, By Geographic Coverage and By Company)

Description

The global e-bikes market is undergoing remarkable expansion, reflecting the changing dynamics of urban mobility and consumer preference for sustainable transport solutions. Estimated at US$ 52 billion in 2025, the market is projected to reach US$ 88 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.8%. E-bikes are now positioned as a transformative element in the future of transportation, combining cost-efficiency, sustainability, and technological advancement in a single platform.

Market Insights

E-bikes are rapidly shifting from being recreational alternatives to becoming integral parts of everyday commuting. The evolution of battery technologies, integration of smart connectivity features, and design innovations have expanded their consumer base. Urban planners and governments are actively promoting cycling infrastructure, which is reinforcing adoption. Moreover, the growing recognition of e-bikes as reliable solutions for last-mile delivery in congested cities is accelerating commercial usage. The trend highlights a market that not only caters to individual riders but also to businesses aiming to reduce their carbon footprint and operational costs.

Key Market Drivers

Multiple factors are catalyzing the rise of e-bikes across regions:

Eco-friendly Mobility Solutions - With governments and consumers prioritizing carbon-neutral transport, e-bikes are becoming preferred alternatives to fossil fuel-powered vehicles.
Government Incentives and Policy Support - Subsidies, tax breaks, and development of cycle-friendly infrastructure are boosting adoption rates across Europe, Asia, and North America.
Battery Advancements - The dominance of lithium-ion batteries with higher efficiency and durability is enabling longer rides, quicker charging, and better performance.
Health and Lifestyle Trends - Pedal-assisted e-bikes offer the perfect blend of exercise and convenience, appealing to health-conscious consumers.
Commercial Applications - Growing use of cargo e-bikes by delivery and logistics companies highlights their role in redefining last-mile connectivity.
Rising Fuel Prices - Escalating energy and fuel costs are encouraging cost-sensitive consumers to shift toward e-bikes as a cheaper, long-term mobility solution.

Business Opportunity

The business case for e-bikes continues to strengthen as innovation creates new opportunities. Manufacturers are investing in lightweight materials, advanced suspension systems, and AI-powered mobility features to improve user experience. Start-ups are collaborating with municipal authorities to launch e-bike sharing services, broadening accessibility. Logistics players are deploying cargo e-bikes for e-commerce and grocery deliveries, opening lucrative B2B channels. Additionally, emerging markets in Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Africa offer strong demand potential due to rising disposable incomes and rapid urban development. The convergence of sustainability goals and consumer demand positions the industry for sustained growth.

Regional Analysis

Asia Pacific - The largest e-bikes market, led by China, India, and Japan. Strong government backing, domestic production, and a dense urban population fuel dominance. Affordability and rising middle-class adoption are key growth drivers.
Europe - A frontrunner in integrating e-bikes into daily commuting. Countries like the Netherlands, Germany, and France are at the forefront, thanks to supportive policies, cultural acceptance of cycling, and premium product demand.
North America - The U.S. and Canada are experiencing rising adoption, supported by growing environmental consciousness and e-bike rental services. Expanding urban mobility solutions and corporate adoption are boosting momentum.
Latin America - Brazil and Mexico are emerging as promising markets. Infrastructure development and increasing awareness of e-mobility benefits are spurring regional uptake.
Middle East & Africa - Although still in the early stages, rising urbanization, smart city initiatives, and focus on eco-friendly transport solutions point to long-term opportunities.

Key Players

The competitive environment is marked by continuous innovation, strategic alliances, and product diversification. Prominent players include:

Aima Technology Group Co., Ltd
Giant Manufacturing Co. Ltd
Trek Bicycle Corporation
Merida Industry Co., Ltd
Yadea Group Holdings Ltd
Bosch eBike Systems
Specialized Bicycle Components
Shimano Inc.
Accell Group
Rad Power Bikes
Yamaha Motor Co. Ltd
Brompton Bicycle Ltd
Hero Cycles Ltd
Pon Holdings (Gazelle)
VanMoof

These companies are focused on expanding global footprints, enhancing product portfolios, and forging partnerships with ride-sharing services, logistics firms, and digital platforms. The increasing entry of automotive giants into the e-bikes domain further intensifies competition.

Segmentation

The e-bikes market is segmented into the following categories:

By Type Throttle-assisted E-bikes Pedal-assisted E-bikes
By Battery Type Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries Lithium-ion Batteries Others
By Motor Type Mid-drive Motor Hub Motor
By Mode of Operation Trekking/Touring E-bikes Cargo E-bikes Mountain E-bikes City/Urban E-bikes Others (Cruiser)
By Region North America Europe Asia Pacific Latin America Middle East & Africa

1. Executive Summary

1.1. Global E-bikes Market Snapshot
1.2. Future Projections
1.3. Key Market Trends
1.4. Regional Snapshot, by Value, 2025
1.5. Analyst Recommendations

2. Market Overview

2.1. Market Definitions and Segmentations
2.2. Market Dynamics
- 2.2.1. Drivers
- 2.2.2. Restraints
- 2.2.3. Market Opportunities
2.3. Value Chain Analysis
2.4. COVID-19 Impact Analysis
2.5. Porter's Fiver Forces Analysis
2.6. Impact of Russia-Ukraine Conflict
2.7. PESTLE Analysis
2.8. Regulatory Analysis
2.9. Price Trend Analysis
- 2.9.1. Current Prices and Future Projections, 2024-2032
- 2.9.2. Price Impact Factors

3. Global E-bikes Market Outlook, 2019-2032

3.1. Global E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 3.1.1. Throttle-assisted E-bikes
- 3.1.2. Pedal-assisted E-bikes
3.2. Global E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 3.2.1. Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
- 3.2.2. Lithium-ion Batteries
- 3.2.3. Others
3.3. Global E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 3.3.1. Mid-drive Motor
- 3.3.2. Hub Motor
3.4. Global E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 3.4.1. Trekking/Touring E-bikes
- 3.4.2. Cargo E-bikes
- 3.4.3. Mountain E-bikes
- 3.4.4. City/Urban E-bikes
- 3.4.5. Others (Cruiser)
3.5. Global E-bikes Market Outlook, by Region, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 3.5.1. North America
- 3.5.2. Europe
- 3.5.3. Asia Pacific
- 3.5.4. Latin America
- 3.5.5. Middle East & Africa

4. North America E-bikes Market Outlook, 2019-2032

4.1. North America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 4.1.1. Throttle-assisted E-bikes
- 4.1.2. Pedal-assisted E-bikes
4.2. North America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 4.2.1. Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
- 4.2.2. Lithium-ion Batteries
- 4.2.3. Others
4.3. North America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 4.3.1. Mid-drive Motor
- 4.3.2. Hub Motor
4.4. North America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 4.4.1. Trekking/Touring E-bikes
- 4.4.2. Cargo E-bikes
- 4.4.3. Mountain E-bikes
- 4.4.4. City/Urban E-bikes
- 4.4.5. Others (Cruiser)
4.5. North America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 4.5.1. U.S. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 4.5.2. U.S. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 4.5.3. U.S. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 4.5.4. U.S. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 4.5.5. Canada E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 4.5.6. Canada E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 4.5.7. Canada E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 4.5.8. Canada E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
4.6. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

5. Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, 2019-2032

5.1. Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 5.1.1. Throttle-assisted E-bikes
- 5.1.2. Pedal-assisted E-bikes
5.2. Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 5.2.1. Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
- 5.2.2. Lithium-ion Batteries
- 5.2.3. Others
5.3. Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 5.3.1. Mid-drive Motor
- 5.3.2. Hub Motor
5.4. Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 5.4.1. Trekking/Touring E-bikes
- 5.4.2. Cargo E-bikes
- 5.4.3. Mountain E-bikes
- 5.4.4. City/Urban E-bikes
- 5.4.5. Others (Cruiser)
5.5. Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 5.5.1. Germany E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.2. Germany E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.3. Germany E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.4. Germany E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 5.5.5. Italy E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.6. Italy E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.7. Italy E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.8. Italy E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 5.5.9. France E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.10. France E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.11. France E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.12. France E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 5.5.13. U.K. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.14. U.K. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.15. U.K. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.16. U.K. E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 5.5.17. Spain E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.18. Spain E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.19. Spain E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.20. Spain E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 5.5.21. Russia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.22. Russia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.23. Russia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.24. Russia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 5.5.25. Rest of Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.26. Rest of Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.27. Rest of Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 5.5.28. Rest of Europe E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
5.6. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

6. Asia Pacific E-bikes Market Outlook, 2019-2032

6.1. Asia Pacific E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 6.1.1. Throttle-assisted E-bikes
- 6.1.2. Pedal-assisted E-bikes
6.2. Asia Pacific E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 6.2.1. Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
- 6.2.2. Lithium-ion Batteries
- 6.2.3. Others
6.3. Asia Pacific E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 6.3.1. Mid-drive Motor
- 6.3.2. Hub Motor
6.4. Asia Pacific E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 6.4.1. Trekking/Touring E-bikes
- 6.4.2. Cargo E-bikes
- 6.4.3. Mountain E-bikes
- 6.4.4. City/Urban E-bikes
- 6.4.5. Others (Cruiser)
6.5. Asia Pacific E-bikes Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 6.5.1. China E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.2. China E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.3. China E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.4. China E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 6.5.5. Japan E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.6. Japan E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.7. Japan E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.8. Japan E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 6.5.9. South Korea E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.10. South Korea E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.11. South Korea E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.12. South Korea E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 6.5.13. India E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.14. India E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.15. India E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.16. India E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 6.5.17. Southeast Asia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.18. Southeast Asia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.19. Southeast Asia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.20. Southeast Asia E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 6.5.21. Rest of SAO E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.22. Rest of SAO E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.23. Rest of SAO E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 6.5.24. Rest of SAO E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
6.6. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

7. Latin America E-bikes Market Outlook, 2019-2032

7.1. Latin America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 7.1.1. Throttle-assisted E-bikes
- 7.1.2. Pedal-assisted E-bikes
7.2. Latin America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 7.2.1. Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
- 7.2.2. Lithium-ion Batteries
- 7.2.3. Others
7.3. Latin America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 7.3.1. Mid-drive Motor
- 7.3.2. Hub Motor
7.4. Latin America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 7.4.1. Trekking/Touring E-bikes
- 7.4.2. Cargo E-bikes
- 7.4.3. Mountain E-bikes
- 7.4.4. City/Urban E-bikes
- 7.4.5. Others (Cruiser)
7.5. Latin America E-bikes Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 7.5.1. Brazil E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.2. Brazil E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.3. Brazil E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.4. Brazil E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 7.5.5. Mexico E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.6. Mexico E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.7. Mexico E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.8. Mexico E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 7.5.9. Argentina E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.10. Argentina E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.11. Argentina E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.12. Argentina E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 7.5.13. Rest of LATAM E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.14. Rest of LATAM E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.15. Rest of LATAM E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 7.5.16. Rest of LATAM E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
7.6. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

8. Middle East & Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, 2019-2032

8.1. Middle East & Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 8.1.1. Throttle-assisted E-bikes
- 8.1.2. Pedal-assisted E-bikes
8.2. Middle East & Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 8.2.1. Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries
- 8.2.2. Lithium-ion Batteries
- 8.2.3. Others
8.3. Middle East & Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 8.3.1. Mid-drive Motor
- 8.3.2. Hub Motor
8.4. Middle East & Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 8.4.1. Trekking/Touring E-bikes
- 8.4.2. Cargo E-bikes
- 8.4.3. Mountain E-bikes
- 8.4.4. City/Urban E-bikes
- 8.4.5. Others (Cruiser)
8.5. Middle East & Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Bn) & Volume (Units), 2019-2032
- 8.5.1. GCC E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.2. GCC E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.3. GCC E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.4. GCC E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 8.5.5. South Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.6. South Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.7. South Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.8. South Africa E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 8.5.9. Egypt E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.10. Egypt E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.11. Egypt E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.12. Egypt E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 8.5.13. Nigeria E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.14. Nigeria E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.15. Nigeria E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.16. Nigeria E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
- 8.5.17. Rest of Middle East E-bikes Market Outlook, by Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.18. Rest of Middle East E-bikes Market Outlook, by Battery Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.19. Rest of Middle East E-bikes Market Outlook, by Motor Type, 2019-2032
- 8.5.20. Rest of Middle East E-bikes Market Outlook, by Mode of Operation, 2019-2032
8.6. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

9. Competitive Landscape

9.1. Company Vs Segment Heatmap
9.2. Company Market Share Analysis, 2024
9.3. Competitive Dashboard
9.4. Company Profiles
- 9.4.1. Aima Technology Group Co. Ltd
  - 9.4.1.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.1.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.1.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.1.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.2. Giant Manufacturing Co. Ltd
  - 9.4.2.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.2.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.2.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.2.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.3. Trek Bicycle Corporation
  - 9.4.3.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.3.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.3.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.3.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.4. Merida Industry Co. Ltd
  - 9.4.4.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.4.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.4.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.4.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.5. Yadea Group Holdings Ltd
  - 9.4.5.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.5.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.5.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.5.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.6. Bosch eBike Systems
  - 9.4.6.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.6.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.6.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.6.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.7. Specialized Bicycle Components
  - 9.4.7.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.7.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.7.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.7.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.8. Shimano Inc.
  - 9.4.8.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.8.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.8.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.8.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.9. Accell Group
  - 9.4.9.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.9.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.9.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.9.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.10. Rad Power Bikes
  - 9.4.10.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.10.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.10.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.10.4. Business Strategies and Developments

10. Appendix

10.1. Research Methodology
10.2. Report Assumptions
10.3. Acronyms and Abbreviations