PUBLISHER: GlobalData | PRODUCT CODE: 2094951
PUBLISHER: GlobalData | PRODUCT CODE: 2094951
Hepatitis C is an inflammatory liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV primarily spreads through direct blood contact, which can happen via needle/syringe sharing in people who inject drugs, unscreened blood transfusions and unsterilized medical equipment, and sexual contact involving blood. Additionally, vertical transmission of HCV can occur (Public Health England, 2018). Many people with hepatitis C are asymptomatic and unaware that they have the infection, with only approximately a quarter of patients exhibiting symptoms, including fatigue, abdominal pains, fever, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice (Fasano et al., 2024; NHS, 2021a). Acute infection refers to infections lasting for up to six months after infection, and of these infections approximately 30% undergo spontaneous clearance. The remaining 70% of cases that last over six months develop into chronic hepatitis C, which can result in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) if left untreated (Fasano et al., 2024; NHS, 2021a).
Hepatitis C is an inflammatory liver disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV primarily spreads through direct blood contact, which can happen via needle/syringe sharing in people who inject drugs (PWID), unscreened blood transfusions and unsterilized medical equipment, and sexual contact involving blood. Additionally, vertical transmission of HCV can occur (Public Health England, 2018). Many people with hepatitis C are asymptomatic and unaware that they have the infection, with only approximately a quarter of patients exhibiting symptoms, including fatigue, abdominal pains, fever, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice (Fasano et al., 2024; NHS, 2021a). Acute infection refers to infections lasting for up to six months after infection, and of these infections approximately 30% undergo spontaneous clearance. The remaining 70% of cases that last over six months develop into chronic hepatitis C, which can result in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) if left untreated (Fasano et al., 2024; NHS, 2021a). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 50 million people have chronic hepatitis C infection globally, with approximately one million cases occurring per year (WHO, 2025a).
The Hepatitis C Epidemiology series will allow you to -