PUBLISHER: IMARC | PRODUCT CODE: 1390505
PUBLISHER: IMARC | PRODUCT CODE: 1390505
Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Global Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity and Forecast 2023-2028
Abstract
The global erythropoietin drugs market size reached US$ 10.4 Billion in 2022. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 14.5 Billion by 2028, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 5.70% during 2022-2028. The growing prevalence of anemia and cancer, increasing application in treating chronic kidney disease, and rising awareness among the masses about the potential effects of the drug represent some of the key factors driving the market.
Erythropoietin (EPO) drugs comprise various drugs, such as epoetin-alfa, epoetin-beta, and darbepoetin-alfa, that are consumed to cure EPO deficiency in the body. They are manufactured synthetically using recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology. They stimulate the production of red blood cells (RBCs) in bone marrow and regulate the concentration of hemoglobin in the body. They assist in enhancing endurance, reducing tiredness, increasing metabolism, and improving the healing process of muscles while maintaining a healthy amount of erythrocytes in the body. They are utilized to treat various diseases, such as anemia, end-stage renal disease, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hematology, among individuals. Besides this, EPO drugs are consumed by athletes to enhance their performance and aerobic capacity, as they benefit in increasing the availability of oxygen to their muscles.
Erythropoietin Drugs Market Trends:
At present, the rising demand for EPO drugs among the masses due to the increasing prevalence of cancer and neurological diseases, such as autism, brain tumors, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and attention deficit disorder (ADD), among individuals represents one of the key factors supporting the growth of the market. Besides this, the growing awareness among the masses about the EPO drugs and their effectiveness is offering a positive market outlook. Additionally, there is a rise in the need for surgical interventions among the masses around the world. This, coupled with the increasing utilization of EPO drugs to reduce allogeneic blood transfusions after surgical procedures in patients, is propelling the growth of the market. Apart from this, the rising number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) cases among individuals across the globe are offering lucrative growth opportunities to industry investors. Moreover, various benefits offered by EPO drugs, such as increasing red blood cells (RBCs) and reducing fatigue, are positively influencing the market. In addition to this, the rapid commercialization of erythropoietin biosimilars around the world is impelling the growth of the market. This, coupled with the increasing preference for biosimilar drugs rather than reference drugs across the globe, is contributing to the growth of the market. Furthermore, the rising utilization of EPO drugs as novel therapeutic agents in research institutes for numerous research purposes is strengthening the growth of the market.
Key Market Segmentation:
IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each sub-segment of the global erythropoietin drugs market report, along with forecasts at the global, regional and country level from 2023-2028. Our report has categorized the market based on drug class, product type, application and end user.
Drug Class Insights:
Biologics
Biosimilars
The report has provided a detailed breakup and analysis of the erythropoietin drugs market based on the drug class. This includes biologics and biosimilars. According to the report, biologics represented the largest segment.
Product Type Insights:
Epoetin-alfa
Epoetin-beta
Darbepoetin-alfa
Others
A detailed breakup and analysis of the erythropoietin drugs market based on the product type has also been provided in the report. This includes epoetin-alfa, epoetin-beta, darbepoetin-alfa, and others. According to the report, epoetin-alfa accounted for the largest market share.
Application Insights:
Hematology
Kidney Disorder
Cancer
Others
A detailed breakup and analysis of the erythropoietin drugs market based on the application has also been provided in the report. This includes hematology, kidney disorder, cancer, and others. According to the report, kidney disorder accounted for the largest market share.
End-User Insights:
Hospitals
Homecare
Specialty Clinics
Others
A detailed breakup and analysis of the erythropoietin drugs market based on the end-user has also been provided in the report. This includes hospitals, homecare, specialty clinics, and others. According to the report, hospitals accounted for the largest market share.
Regional Insights:
North America
United States
Canada
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Australia
Indonesia
Others
Europe
Germany
France
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Russia
Others
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
Others
Middle East and Africa
The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets, which include North America (the United States and Canada); Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, and others); Europe (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Russia, and others); Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, and others); and the Middle East and Africa. According to the report, North America (the United States and Canada) was the largest market for erythropoietin drugs. Some of the factors driving the North America erythropoietin drugs market included the increasing approvals of erythropoietin drugs, various incentives offered by governing agencies for research on chronic diseases, rising prevalence of cancer among individuals, etc.
Competitive Landscape:
The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape in the global erythropoietin drugs market. Competitive analysis such as market structure, market share by key players, player positioning, top winning strategies, competitive dashboard, and company evaluation quadrant has been covered in the report. Also, detailed profiles of all major companies have been provided. Some of the companies covered include Amgen Inc., Biocon Limited, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Johnson & Johnson, LG Chem Ltd., Pfizer Inc., Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., etc. Kindly note that this only represents a partial list of companies, and the complete list has been provided in the report.
Key Questions Answered in This Report
- 1. How big is the global erythropoietin drugs market?
- 2. What is the expected growth rate of the global erythropoietin drugs market during 2023-2028?
- 3. What are the key factors driving the global erythropoietin drugs market?
- 4. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global erythropoietin drugs market?
- 5. What is the breakup of the global erythropoietin drugs market based on the drug class?
- 6. What is the breakup of the global erythropoietin drugs market based on the product type?
- 7. What is the breakup of the global erythropoietin drugs market based on the application?
- 8. What is the breakup of the global erythropoietin drugs market based on the end-user?
- 9. What are the key regions in the global erythropoietin drugs market?
- 10. Who are the key players/companies in the global erythropoietin drugs market?
Table of Contents
1 Preface
2 Scope and Methodology
- 2.1 Objectives of the Study
- 2.2 Stakeholders
- 2.3 Data Sources
- 2.3.1 Primary Sources
- 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
- 2.4 Market Estimation
- 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
- 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
- 2.5 Forecasting Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 Introduction
- 4.1 Overview
- 4.2 Key Industry Trends
5 Global Erythropoietin Drugs Market
- 5.1 Market Overview
- 5.2 Market Performance
- 5.3 Impact of COVID-19
- 5.4 Market Forecast
6 Market Breakup by Drug Class
- 6.1 Biologics
- 6.1.1 Market Trends
- 6.1.2 Market Forecast
- 6.2 Biosimilars
- 6.2.1 Market Trends
- 6.2.2 Market Forecast
7 Market Breakup by Product Type
- 7.1 Epoetin-alfa
- 7.1.1 Market Trends
- 7.1.2 Market Forecast
- 7.2 Epoetin-beta
- 7.2.1 Market Trends
- 7.2.2 Market Forecast
- 7.3 Darbepoetin-alfa
- 7.3.1 Market Trends
- 7.3.2 Market Forecast
- 7.4 Others
- 7.4.1 Market Trends
- 7.4.2 Market Forecast
8 Market Breakup by Application
- 8.1 Hematology
- 8.1.1 Market Trends
- 8.1.2 Market Forecast
- 8.2 Kidney Disorder
- 8.2.1 Market Trends
- 8.2.2 Market Forecast
- 8.3 Cancer
- 8.3.1 Market Trends
- 8.3.2 Market Forecast
- 8.4 Others
- 8.4.1 Market Trends
- 8.4.2 Market Forecast
9 Market Breakup by End User
- 9.1 Hospitals
- 9.1.1 Market Trends
- 9.1.2 Market Forecast
- 9.2 Homecare
- 9.2.1 Market Trends
- 9.2.2 Market Forecast
- 9.3 Specialty Clinics
- 9.3.1 Market Trends
- 9.3.2 Market Forecast
- 9.4 Others
- 9.4.1 Market Trends
- 9.4.2 Market Forecast
10 Market Breakup by Region
- 10.1 North America
- 10.1.1 United States
- 10.1.1.1 Market Trends
- 10.1.1.2 Market Forecast
- 10.1.2 Canada
- 10.1.2.1 Market Trends
- 10.1.2.2 Market Forecast
- 10.1.1 United States
- 10.2 Asia-Pacific
- 10.2.1 China
- 10.2.1.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.1.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.2 Japan
- 10.2.2.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.2.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.3 India
- 10.2.3.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.3.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.4 South Korea
- 10.2.4.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.4.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.5 Australia
- 10.2.5.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.5.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.6 Indonesia
- 10.2.6.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.6.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.7 Others
- 10.2.7.1 Market Trends
- 10.2.7.2 Market Forecast
- 10.2.1 China
- 10.3 Europe
- 10.3.1 Germany
- 10.3.1.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.1.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.2 France
- 10.3.2.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.2.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.3 United Kingdom
- 10.3.3.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.3.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.4 Italy
- 10.3.4.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.4.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.5 Spain
- 10.3.5.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.5.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.6 Russia
- 10.3.6.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.6.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.7 Others
- 10.3.7.1 Market Trends
- 10.3.7.2 Market Forecast
- 10.3.1 Germany
- 10.4 Latin America
- 10.4.1 Brazil
- 10.4.1.1 Market Trends
- 10.4.1.2 Market Forecast
- 10.4.2 Mexico
- 10.4.2.1 Market Trends
- 10.4.2.2 Market Forecast
- 10.4.3 Others
- 10.4.3.1 Market Trends
- 10.4.3.2 Market Forecast
- 10.4.1 Brazil
- 10.5 Middle East and Africa
- 10.5.1 Market Trends
- 10.5.2 Market Breakup by Country
- 10.5.3 Market Forecast
11 SWOT Analysis
- 11.1 Overview
- 11.2 Strengths
- 11.3 Weaknesses
- 11.4 Opportunities
- 11.5 Threats
12 Value Chain Analysis
13 Porters Five Forces Analysis
- 13.1 Overview
- 13.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
- 13.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
- 13.4 Degree of Competition
- 13.5 Threat of New Entrants
- 13.6 Threat of Substitutes
14 Price Analysis
15 Competitive Landscape
- 15.1 Market Structure
- 15.2 Key Players
- 15.3 Profiles of Key Players
- 15.3.1 Amgen Inc.
- 15.3.1.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.1.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.1.3 Financials
- 15.3.1.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.2 Biocon Limited
- 15.3.2.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.2.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.2.3 Financials
- 15.3.2.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.3 Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd.
- 15.3.3.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.3.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.3.3 Financials
- 15.3.3.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.4 F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG
- 15.3.4.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.4.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.4.3 Financials
- 15.3.5 Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
- 15.3.5.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.5.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.6 Johnson & Johnson
- 15.3.6.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.6.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.6.3 Financials
- 15.3.6.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.7 LG Chem Ltd.
- 15.3.7.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.7.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.7.3 Financials
- 15.3.7.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.8 Pfizer Inc.
- 15.3.8.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.8.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.8.3 Financials
- 15.3.8.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.9 Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited
- 15.3.9.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.9.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.9.3 Financials
- 15.3.9.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.10 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- 15.3.10.1 Company Overview
- 15.3.10.2 Product Portfolio
- 15.3.10.3 Financials
- 15.3.10.4 SWOT Analysis
- 15.3.1 Amgen Inc.
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Major Drivers and Challenges
- Figure 2: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2017-2022
- Figure 3: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Billion US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 4: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Breakup by Drug Class (in %), 2022
- Figure 5: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Breakup by Product Type (in %), 2022
- Figure 6: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Breakup by Application (in %), 2022
- Figure 7: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Breakup by End User (in %), 2022
- Figure 8: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Breakup by Region (in %), 2022
- Figure 9: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Biologics) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 10: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Biologics) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 11: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Biosimilars) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 12: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Biosimilars) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 13: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Epoetin-alfa) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 14: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Epoetin-alfa) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 15: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Epoetin-beta) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 16: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Epoetin-beta) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 17: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Darbepoetin-alfa) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 18: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Darbepoetin-alfa) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 19: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Other Product Types) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 20: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Other Product Types) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 21: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Hematology) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 22: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Hematology) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 23: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Kidney Disorder) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 24: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Kidney Disorder) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 25: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Cancer) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 26: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Cancer) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 27: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Other Applications) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 28: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Other Applications) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 29: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Hospitals) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 30: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Hospitals) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 31: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Homecare) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 32: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Homecare) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 33: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Specialty Clinics) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 34: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Specialty Clinics) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 35: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Other End Users) Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 36: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs (Other End Users) Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 37: North America: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 38: North America: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 39: United States: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 40: United States: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 41: Canada: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 42: Canada: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 43: Asia-Pacific: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 44: Asia-Pacific: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 45: China: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 46: China: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 47: Japan: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 48: Japan: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 49: India: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 50: India: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 51: South Korea: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 52: South Korea: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 53: Australia: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 54: Australia: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 55: Indonesia: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 56: Indonesia: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 57: Others: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 58: Others: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 59: Europe: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 60: Europe: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 61: Germany: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 62: Germany: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 63: France: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 64: France: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 65: United Kingdom: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 66: United Kingdom: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 67: Italy: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 68: Italy: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 69: Spain: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 70: Spain: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 71: Russia: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 72: Russia: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 73: Others: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 74: Others: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 75: Latin America: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 76: Latin America: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 77: Brazil: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 78: Brazil: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 79: Mexico: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 80: Mexico: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 81: Others: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 82: Others: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 83: Middle East and Africa: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2017 & 2022
- Figure 84: Middle East and Africa: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Breakup by Country (in %), 2022
- Figure 85: Middle East and Africa: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Sales Value (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Figure 86: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Industry: SWOT Analysis
- Figure 87: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Industry: Value Chain Analysis
- Figure 88: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Industry: Porter's Five Forces Analysis
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Key Industry Highlights, 2022 and 2028
- Table 2: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Breakup by Drug Class (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Table 3: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Breakup by Product Type (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Table 4: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Breakup by Application (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Table 5: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Breakup by End User (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Table 6: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market Forecast: Breakup by Region (in Million US$), 2023-2028
- Table 7: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Competitive Structure
- Table 8: Global: Erythropoietin Drugs Market: Key Players
