Legal Process Outsourcing Market Research Report Forecast till 2027

Legal Process Outsourcing Market is projected to exhibit a substantial CAGR of 21.6% during the review period. The Requirement for cost-productive treatment of computerized legal assets and Viable use of e-Revelation assets are the key factors anticipated to drive the market for the Legal Process Outsourcing market in future.

Legal exploration, documentation, reference, and guaranteeing case backing to the agreement are being supplanted by artificial intelligence in legal undertakings. All things considered; mechanization programming is utilized to get done with the responsibility. It is feasible to computerize around 25% of a legal counselor's experience with this Mechanization and Efficiency. Most law offices have carried out report and business process computerization to accomplish this. They're additionally utilizing Normal Language Processing (NLP) and archive computerization to eliminate the dullness at work. Virtual Legal Partners are likewise turning out to be progressively famous, especially among huge companies. For their information stockpiling needs, law offices are going to distributed storage. Computer generated Reality (VR) and Expanded Reality (AR) are progressively embraced for distant conference of clients, preparing new legal counselors, and working together with specialists. This multitude of mechanical improvements are forming the new ordinary of the LPO market in the worldwide market.

Market Segmentation

Based on components, the legal process outsourcing market is segmented into software and services.

Based on the size of the organization, the market is divided nto large enterprises and small enterprises and enterprises. Medium-sized companies (SMEs). Segmentation of the legal process outsourcing market by service delivery location includes onshore outsourcing and offshore outsourcing. Segmentation of the

Legal Process Outsourcing market by ownership includes LLCs, LLPs and owners. The operating sector is divided into company-owned units and independent units.

Regional Insights

The Asia-Pacific Legal Process Outsourcing market represented ~54.48% market share in 2022 and is supposed to display a huge CAGR development during the review time frame. This is because of a critical number of central members in Asia-Pacific, making it the essential supporter of the market share.

The North America market offer can be ascribed to the developing interest of legal companies to accomplish administrations at lower cost. The market in North America is supposed to hold the main position developing at a huge CAGR from 2022 to 2030. Expanded responsibilities in legal divisions are rushing the broad reception of LPO administrations in the US.

Europe is supposed to observe surprising development during the conjecture time frame. The UK, be that as it may, has a long legal practice, and the country's law offices are among the main overall areas. Because of its profoundly broadened modern market, the UK is ruling the Europe region's economy.

The significant nations in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) are Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Joined Bedouin Emirates, Kuwait, Jordan, and South Africa. The region has encountered expanding urbanization and industrialization, supporting the extension of different areas.

Key Players

Key companies in the market include UnitedLex, Clarivate, Integreon, Inc., Axiom Law, Elevate Services, Inc., Litigation Services, Infosys Limited, Lexplosion Solutions Private Limited, Mindcrest, COBRA LEGAL SOLUTIONS, QuisLex, Exigent, WNS (Holdings) Ltd. , Vee Technologies and SunLexis. Mindcrest is part of the DWF group.

Product Code: MRFR/ICT/3153-CR

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 27

2 MARKET INTRODUCTION 30

2.1 DEFINITION 30
2.2 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 30
2.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVE 30
2.4 MARKET STRUCTURE 31
2.5 FUTURE TRENDS IN LPO (LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING) 31

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 34

4 MARKET DYNAMICS 41

4.1 INTRODUCTION 41
4.2 DRIVERS 42
- 4.2.1 NEED FOR COST-EFFICIENT HANDLING OF DIGITAL LEGAL RESOURCES 42
- 4.2.2 EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF E-DISCOVERY RESOURCES 42
4.3 RESTRAINT 43
- 4.3.1 CONFIDENTIALITY RISK 43
4.4 OPPORTUNITY 44
- 4.4.1 NEED FOR IMPROVED AND ELECTRONIC MODE OF LEGAL PROCESSING SERVICES 44
4.5 IMPACT OF COVID-19 44
- 4.5.1 IMPACT ON DEMAND FROM EMERGING ECONOMIES 44
- 4.5.2 IMPACT ON OVERALL MARKET Y-O-Y FROM 2020-2027 45
4.6 ALTERNATIVE LEGAL SERVICES PROVIDER ('ALSP') 45
- 4.6.1 WHEN AND WHY ALSPS ARE USED? 46
- 4.6.2 MARKET COMPETITION AND OPPORTUNITY 47
- 4.6.3 THE BIG 4 THREAT 48
- 4.6.4 KEY RESEARCH FINDINGS 48
- 4.6.5 SERVICE CATEGORY AND USE CASE SCENARIOS FOR ALSPS 49
  - 4.6.5.1 FOR CORPORATE LEGAL DEPARTMENTS 49
  - 4.6.5.2 FOR LAW FIRMS 50
- 4.6.6 DRIVERS AND BARRIERS OF ALSP ADOPTION 51
- 4.6.7 CONCLUSION 52

5 MARKET FACTOR ANALYSIS 53

5.1 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS 53
- 5.1.1 LPO SERVICE PROVIDERS 53
- 5.1.2 END USER 53
5.2 PORTER'S FIVE FORCES MODEL 54
- 5.2.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS 55
- 5.2.2 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS 55
- 5.2.3 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS 55
- 5.2.4 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES 55
- 5.2.5 INTENSITY OF RIVALRY 55

6 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT 56

6.1 OVERVIEW 56
- 6.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 57
6.2 SERVICES 57
- 6.2.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 57
- 6.2.2 LITIGATION SUPPORT OUTSOURCING 57
- 6.2.3 IP TECHNICAL SUPPORT OUTSOURCING 58
- 6.2.4 E-DISCOVERY 58
- 6.2.5 DATA ANALYSIS & MANAGEMENT 58
- 6.2.6 CONTRACT DRAFTING 58
- 6.2.7 PATENT SUPPORT 58
- 6.2.8 COMPLIANCE ASSISTANCE 59
- 6.2.9 LEGAL RESEARCH OUTSOURCING 59
- 6.2.10 BOOKKEEPING & BILLING 59
- 6.2.11 REVIEW & MANAGEMENT 59
6.3 SOFTWARE 59

7 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE 60

7.1 OVERVIEW 60
- 7.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 61
7.2 LARGE ENTERPRISES 61
7.3 SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) 61

8 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION 62

8.1 OVERVIEW 62
- 8.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 63
8.2 ON-SHORE OUTSOURCING 63
8.3 OFFSHORE OUTSOURCING 63

9 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP 64

9.1 OVERVIEW 64
- 9.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 64
9.2 LLC 64
9.3 LLP 64
9.4 PROPRIETORS 64

10 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS 65

10.1 OVERVIEW 65
- 10.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 65
10.2 CAPTIVE UNITS 65
10.3 INDEPENDENT 66

11 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS 67

11.1 OVERVIEW 67
- 11.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 68
11.2 BFSI 68
11.3 GOVERNMENT 68
11.4 HEALTHCARE 69
11.5 AUTOMOTIVE 69
11.6 OTHERS 69

12 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY REGION 70

12.1 OVERVIEW 70
- 12.1.1 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY REGION, 2022 VS 2027 (USD BILLION) 71
- 12.1.2 GLOBAL LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY REGION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 71
12.2 NORTH AMERICA 72
- 12.2.1 NORTH AMERICA: LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 73
- 12.2.2 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 74
- 12.2.3 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 74
- 12.2.4 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 75
- 12.2.5 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 75
- 12.2.6 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 76
- 12.2.7 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 76
- 12.2.8 NORTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 77
- 12.2.9 US 77
  - 12.2.9.1 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 77
  - 12.2.9.2 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 77
  - 12.2.9.3 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 78
  - 12.2.9.4 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 78
- 12.2.10 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 78
- 12.2.11 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 78
  - 12.2.11.1 US LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 79
- 12.2.12 CANADA 79
  - 12.2.12.1 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 79
  - 12.2.12.2 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 79
  - 12.2.12.3 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 80
  - 12.2.12.4 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 80
- 12.2.13 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 80
- 12.2.14 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 80
  - 12.2.14.1 CANADA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 81
- 12.2.15 MEXICO 81
  - 12.2.15.1 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 81
  - 12.2.15.2 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 81
  - 12.2.15.3 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 82
  - 12.2.15.4 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 82
- 12.2.16 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 82
- 12.2.17 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 82
  - 12.2.17.1 MEXICO LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 83
12.3 EUROPE 84
- 12.3.1 EUROPE: LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 85
- 12.3.2 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 85
- 12.3.3 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 86
- 12.3.4 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 87
- 12.3.5 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 87
- 12.3.6 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 88
- 12.3.7 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 88
- 12.3.8 EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 89
- 12.3.9 UK 89
  - 12.3.9.1 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 89
  - 12.3.9.2 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 89
  - 12.3.9.3 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 90
  - 12.3.9.4 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 90
- 12.3.10 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 90
- 12.3.11 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 90
  - 12.3.11.1 UK LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 91
- 12.3.12 GERMANY 91
  - 12.3.12.1 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 91
  - 12.3.12.2 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 91
  - 12.3.12.3 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 92
  - 12.3.12.4 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 92
- 12.3.13 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 92
- 12.3.14 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 92
  - 12.3.14.1 GERMANY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 93
- 12.3.15 FRANCE 93
  - 12.3.15.1 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 93
  - 12.3.15.2 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 93
  - 12.3.15.3 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 94
  - 12.3.15.4 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 94
- 12.3.16 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 94
- 12.3.17 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 94
  - 12.3.17.1 FRANCE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 95
- 12.3.18 ITALY 95
  - 12.3.18.1 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 95
  - 12.3.18.2 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 95
  - 12.3.18.3 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 96
  - 12.3.18.4 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 96
- 12.3.19 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 96
- 12.3.20 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 96
  - 12.3.20.1 ITALY LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 97
- 12.3.21 SPAIN 97
  - 12.3.21.1 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 97
  - 12.3.21.2 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 97
  - 12.3.21.3 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 98
  - 12.3.21.4 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 98
- 12.3.22 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 98
- 12.3.23 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 98
  - 12.3.23.1 SPAIN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 99
- 12.3.24 RUSSIA 99
  - 12.3.24.1 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 99
  - 12.3.24.2 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 99
  - 12.3.24.3 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 100
  - 12.3.24.4 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 100
- 12.3.25 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 100
- 12.3.26 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 100
  - 12.3.26.1 RUSSIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 101
- 12.3.27 REST OF EUROPE 101
  - 12.3.27.1 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 101
  - 12.3.27.2 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 101
  - 12.3.27.3 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 102
  - 12.3.27.4 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 102
- 12.3.28 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 102
- 12.3.29 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 102
  - 12.3.29.1 REST OF EUROPE LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 103
12.4 ASIA-PACIFIC 104
- 12.4.1 ASIA-PACIFIC: LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 105
- 12.4.2 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 106
- 12.4.3 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 106
- 12.4.4 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 107
- 12.4.5 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 107
- 12.4.6 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 108
- 12.4.7 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 108
- 12.4.8 ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 109
- 12.4.9 INDIA 109
  - 12.4.9.1 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 109
  - 12.4.9.2 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 109
  - 12.4.9.3 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 110
  - 12.4.9.4 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 110
- 12.4.10 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 110
- 12.4.11 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 110
  - 12.4.11.1 INDIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 111
- 12.4.12 CHINA 111
  - 12.4.12.1 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 111
  - 12.4.12.2 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 111
  - 12.4.12.3 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 112
  - 12.4.12.4 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 112
- 12.4.13 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 112
- 12.4.14 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 112
  - 12.4.14.1 CHINA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 113
- 12.4.15 JAPAN 113
  - 12.4.15.1 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 113
  - 12.4.15.2 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 113
  - 12.4.15.3 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 114
  - 12.4.15.4 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 114
- 12.4.16 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 114
- 12.4.17 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 114
  - 12.4.17.1 JAPAN LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 115
- 12.4.18 SOUTH KOREA 115
  - 12.4.18.1 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 115
  - 12.4.18.2 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 115
  - 12.4.18.3 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 116
  - 12.4.18.4 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 116
- 12.4.19 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 116
- 12.4.20 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 116
  - 12.4.20.1 SOUTH KOREA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 117
- 12.4.21 SOUTHEAST ASIA 117
  - 12.4.21.1 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 117
  - 12.4.21.2 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 117
  - 12.4.21.3 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 118
  - 12.4.21.4 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 118
- 12.4.22 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 118
- 12.4.23 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 118
  - 12.4.23.1 SOUTHEAST ASIA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 119
- 12.4.24 ANZ 119
  - 12.4.24.1 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 119
  - 12.4.24.2 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 119
  - 12.4.24.3 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 120
  - 12.4.24.4 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 120
- 12.4.25 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 120
- 12.4.26 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 120
  - 12.4.26.1 ANZ LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 121
- 12.4.27 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC 121
  - 12.4.27.1 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 121
  - 12.4.27.2 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 121
  - 12.4.27.3 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 122
  - 12.4.27.4 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 122
- 12.4.28 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 122
- 12.4.29 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 122
  - 12.4.29.1 REST OF ASIA-PACIFIC LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 123
12.5 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA 124
- 12.5.1 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 124
- 12.5.2 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 125
- 12.5.3 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 125
- 12.5.4 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 126
- 12.5.5 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 126
- 12.5.6 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 127
- 12.5.7 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 127
12.6 SOUTH AMERICA 128
- 12.6.1 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY COMPONENT, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 128
- 12.6.2 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICES, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 129
- 12.6.3 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY ORGANIZATION SIZE, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 130
- 12.6.4 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY SERVICE LOCATION, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 130
- 12.6.5 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 131
- 12.6.6 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY OPERATIONS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 131
- 12.6.7 SOUTH AMERICA LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING MARKET, BY END USERS, 2018-2027 (USD BILLION) 132

13 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 133

13.1 COMPETITIVE OVERVIEW 133
13.2 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING 134
13.3 VENDOR SHARE ANALYSIS 135
13.4 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS 135
- 13.4.1 PARTNERSHIPS/AGREEMENTS/CONTRACTS/COLLABORATIONS 135
- 13.4.2 BUSINESS EXPANSIONS/ACQUISITIONS 137
- 13.4.3 PRODUCT LAUNCHES/DEVELOPMENTS 138
- 13.4.4 COUNTRIES OUTSOURCING LPO WORK TO ENTITIES IN INDIA 139
- 13.4.5 TOP NON-CAPTIVE LPO UNITS IN INDIA 140
- 13.4.6 LIST OF LPO COMPANIES WITH REVENUE MORE THAN USD 20 BILLION 140
- 13.4.7 VALUATION MULTIPLES OF RECENT M&A IN LPO INDUSTRY 146
- 13.4.8 COST COMPARISON FOR LPO SERVICES 147

14 COMPANY PROFILES 148

14.1 UNITEDLEX 148
- 14.1.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 148
- 14.1.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 149
- 14.1.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 149
  - 14.1.3.1 EDISCOVERY 149
  - 14.1.3.2 REVIEW 149
  - 14.1.3.3 PATENT PREPARATION AND PROSECUTION 150
  - 14.1.3.4 PATENT PORTFOLIO DEVELOPMENT 150
  - 14.1.3.5 PATENT MONETIZATION AND LICENSING 150
  - 14.1.3.6 SOURCE CODE REVIEW 150
  - 14.1.3.7 OTHER LEGAL SERVICES 150
- 14.1.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 150
14.2 CLARIVATE 151
- 14.2.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 151
- 14.2.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 152
- 14.2.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 153
  - 14.2.3.1 FEATURES 153
- 14.2.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 153
- 14.2.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 154
- 14.2.6 KEY STRATEGIES 154
14.3 INTEGREON, INC. 155
- 14.3.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 155
- 14.3.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 155
- 14.3.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 156
  - 14.3.3.1 LEGAL ENQUIRIES AND RESEARCH 156
  - 14.3.3.2 LEGAL WORD PROCESSING 156
  - 14.3.3.3 CONTRACT REVIEW 156
  - 14.3.3.4 CONTRACT DRAFTING 156
  - 14.3.3.5 MANAGED DOCUMENT REVIEW SERVICES 156
- 14.3.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 157
14.4 AXIOM LAW 158
- 14.4.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 158
- 14.4.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 158
- 14.4.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 158
- 14.4.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 159
14.5 ELEVATE SERVICES, INC. 160
- 14.5.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 160
- 14.5.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 161
- 14.5.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 161
  - 14.5.3.1 EDISCOVERY 161
  - 14.5.3.2 DOCUMENT REVIEW 161
  - 14.5.3.3 MANAGE BILLING 162
  - 14.5.3.4 ANALYZE DOCUMENTS 162
- 14.5.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 163
14.6 INFOSYS LIMITED 164
- 14.6.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 164
- 14.6.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 166
- 14.6.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 167
  - 14.6.3.1 EDISCOVERY CONSULTING SERVICES 167
  - 14.6.3.2 CONTRACT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT SERVICES 167
  - 14.6.3.3 LEGAL RESEARCH AND DRAFTING 168
- 14.6.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 168
- 14.6.5 SWOT ANALYSIS 168
- 14.6.6 KEY STRATEGIES 168
14.7 LEXPLOSION SOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED 169
- 14.7.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 169
- 14.7.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 170
- 14.7.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 170
- 14.7.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 172
14.8 MINDCREST 173
- 14.8.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 173
- 14.8.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 174
- 14.8.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 174
  - 14.8.3.1 COMPLIANCE & RISK MANAGEMENT 175
  - 14.8.3.2 LEGAL RESEARCH & ANALYTICS 176
  - 14.8.3.3 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 177
  - 14.8.3.4 LITIGATION & INVESTIGATIONS SUPPORT 178
- 14.8.4 KEY DEVELOPMENT 179
14.9 COBRA LEGAL SOLUTIONS 180
- 14.9.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 180
- 14.9.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 180
- 14.9.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 180
- 14.9.4 DOCUMENT REVIEW 181
- 14.9.5 LEGAL RESEARCH 181
- 14.9.6 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 181
- 14.9.7 EDISCOVERY 181
- 14.9.8 KEY DEVELOPMENT 182
14.10 QUISLEX 183
- 14.10.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 183
- 14.10.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 183
- 14.10.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 183
- 14.10.4 MANAGED DOCUMENT REVIEW 184
- 14.10.5 CONTRACTS 184
- 14.10.6 COMPLIANCE 184
- 14.10.7 LEGAL OPERATIONS 185
- 14.10.8 LEGAL SPEND MANAGEMENT 185
- 14.10.9 M&A CONTRACT DUE DILIGENCE 185
- 14.10.10 KEY DEVELOPMENT 185
14.11 EXIGENT 186
- 14.11.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 186
- 14.11.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 186
- 14.11.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 187
- 14.11.4 INTEGRATED CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 187
- 14.11.5 LEGAL SPEND MANAGEMENT AND E-BILLING 187
- 14.11.6 DUE DILIGENCE, DOCUMENT REVIEW 187
- 14.11.7 EDISCOVERY AND LITIGATION SUPPORT 188
- 14.11.8 KEY DEVELOPMENT 188
14.12 WNS (HOLDINGS) LTD. 189
- 14.12.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 189
- 14.12.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 190
- 14.12.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 191
- 14.12.4 CASE MANAGEMENT 191
- 14.12.5 PERSONAL INJURY LITIGATION SUPPORT 191
- 14.12.6 LEGAL RESEARCH SOLUTIONS 191
- 14.12.7 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 191
- 14.12.8 TRANSCRIPTION AND DOCUMENTATION 191
- 14.12.9 KEY DEVELOPMENT 192
- 14.12.10 SWOT ANALYSIS 192
- 14.12.11 KEY STRATEGIES 192
14.13 VEE TECHNOLOGIES 193
- 14.13.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 193
- 14.13.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 193
- 14.13.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 193
- 14.13.4 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 194
- 14.13.5 LEGAL PROOFREADING 194
- 14.13.6 LEGAL SECRETARIAL SERVICES 194
- 14.13.7 CONTRACT 194
- 14.13.8 LITIGATION SUPPORT 194
- 14.13.9 KEY DEVELOPMENT 195
14.14 SUNLEXIS 196
- 14.14.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 196
- 14.14.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 197
- 14.14.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 197
- 14.14.4 LEGAL RESEARCH & CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 198
- 14.14.5 EDISCOVERY & PARALEGAL 198
- 14.14.6 LEGAL TRANSCRIPTION & DIGITIZATION 199
- 14.14.7 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 199
- 14.14.8 KEY DEVELOPMENT 200
14.15 LITIGATION SERVICES 201
- 14.15.1 COMPANY OVERVIEW 201
- 14.15.2 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 201
- 14.15.3 PRODUCTS OFFERED 201
- 14.15.4 LEGAL DEPOSITION SERVICES 201
- 14.15.5 LEGAL FORENSIC SERVICES 202
- 14.15.6 KEY DEVELOPMENT 202

15 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS 203

15.1 MINDCREST (DWF GROUP) 203
- 15.1.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 203
- 15.1.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 204
  - 15.1.2.1 COMPLIANCE & RISK MANAGEMENT 204
  - 15.1.2.2 LEGAL RESEARCH & ANALYTICS 205
  - 15.1.2.3 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 206
  - 15.1.2.4 LITIGATION & INVESTIGATIONS SUPPORT 208
15.2 WNS (HOLDINGS) LTD. 209
- 15.2.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 209
- 15.2.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 210
- 15.2.3 CASE MANAGEMENT 210
- 15.2.4 PERSONAL INJURY LITIGATION SUPPORT 210
- 15.2.5 LEGAL RESEARCH SOLUTIONS 210
- 15.2.6 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 210
- 15.2.7 TRANSCRIPTION AND DOCUMENTATION 210
15.3 CLARIVATE 211
- 15.3.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 211
- 15.3.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 212
  - 15.3.2.1 FEATURES 212
15.4 UNITEDLEX CORPORATION 213
- 15.4.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 213
- 15.4.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 213
  - 15.4.2.1 EDISCOVERY 214
  - 15.4.2.2 REVIEW 214
  - 15.4.2.3 PATENT PREPARATION AND PROSECUTION 214
  - 15.4.2.4 PATENT PORTFOLIO DEVELOPMENT 214
  - 15.4.2.5 PATENT MONETIZATION AND LICENSING 214
  - 15.4.2.6 SOURCE CODE REVIEW 214
15.5 INTEGREON MANAGED SOLUTIONS 215
- 15.5.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 215
- 15.5.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 215
  - 15.5.2.1 LEGAL ENQUIRIES AND RESEARCH 216
  - 15.5.2.2 LEGAL WORD PROCESSING 216
  - 15.5.2.3 CONTRACT REVIEW 216
  - 15.5.2.4 CONTRACT DRAFTING 216
  - 15.5.2.5 MANAGED DOCUMENT REVIEW SERVICES 216
15.6 SUNLEXIS (SUNTEC WEB SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED) 216
- 15.6.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 216
- 15.6.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 217
- 15.6.3 LEGAL RESEARCH & CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 217
- 15.6.4 EDISCOVERY & PARALEGAL 218
- 15.6.5 LEGAL TRANSCRIPTION & DIGITIZATION 218
- 15.6.6 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 219
15.7 QUISLEX LEGAL SERVICES PRIVATE LIMITED 220
- 15.7.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 220
- 15.7.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 220
- 15.7.3 MANAGED DOCUMENT REVIEW 221
- 15.7.4 CONTRACTS 221
- 15.7.5 COMPLIANCE 221
- 15.7.6 LEGAL OPERATIONS 222
- 15.7.7 LEGAL SPEND MANAGEMENT 222
- 15.7.8 M&A CONTRACT DUE DILIGENCE 222
15.8 COBRA LEGAL SOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED 223
- 15.8.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 223
- 15.8.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 223
- 15.8.3 DOCUMENT REVIEW 224
- 15.8.4 LEGAL RESEARCH 224
- 15.8.5 CONTRACT MANAGEMENT 224
- 15.8.6 EDISCOVERY 224
15.9 LEXPLOSION SOLUTIONS PRIVATE LIMITED 225
- 15.9.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 225
- 15.9.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 225
15.10 PANGEA3 (E&Y) 227
- 15.10.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 227
- 15.10.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 227
15.11 INFOSYS LIMITED 228
- 15.11.1 FINANCIAL OVERVIEW 228
- 15.11.2 PRODUCTS OFFERED 228
  - 15.11.2.1 EDISCOVERY CONSULTING SERVICES 228
  - 15.11.2.2 CONTRACT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT SERVICES 229
  - 15.11.2.3 LEGAL RESEARCH AND DRAFTING 229
15.12 CONVERSION RATES 229