Global MedTech Healthcare IT Industry Competitive Landscape

Description

List of Tables

This report provides an overview of the global market landscape for medical technology (MedTech) healthcare IT industry. It includes the medical device industry, in vitro diagnostics (IVD) and the healthcare IT industry. The report covers key players, competitive intelligence, advanced technologies and company profiles. The analysis includes recent developments and product portfolios of major players, as well as market share analysis and ranking.

Report Scope

This research report analyzes the global market for medical technology (MedTech) healthcare IT industry. It covers leading MedTech and healthcare IT companies, their product portfolios, innovative technologies and recent developments, providing a discussion of the competitive landscape and a market share analysis. The report provides an update on the U.S., European, and Japanese regulatory landscapes. The industry scope includes the medical device industry, in vitro diagnostics (IVD) and the healthcare IT industry.

Medtech can be defined as technologies used to treat, diagnose and improve a person's health and well-being. It also consists of low- and high-risk medical devices, such as surgical gloves, medical thermometers, insulin pumps, pacemakers and in vitro diagnostics.

Healthcare IT includes using technology to manage and share patient information, improve healthcare operations and enhance patient care. It also consists of electronic health records (EHRs), personal health records and software systems used by healthcare providers and patients.

Report Includes

179 tables
An updated assessment of the global market for MedTech healthcare IT industry
Analysis of current and future demand in the global MedTech industry, along with a detailed analysis of the competitive environment, market regulations, and reimbursement practices
Review of patents granted on medical technology by each major category and emerging developments in the global MedTech market
Identification of the companies best positioned to meet the increasing demand for the medical device industry, IVD diagnostics, and the Healthcare IT industry due to their proprietary technologies, M&A deals, new developments and other growth strategies
In-depth information on increasing investments in R&D activities, key technology issues, industry-specific challenges, and macroeconomic factors analysis
Market share analysis of the key market participants in the MedTech industry, along with their research priorities, product portfolios, global rankings, and company competitive landscape
Profiles of the leading companies, including Medtronic, Abbott, Johnson & Johnson Services Inc., Siemens Healthineers AG, Oracle Health and Optum (UnitedHealth Group)

Product Code: MDS068B

Chapter 1 Executive Summary

Market Outlook
Scope of Report

Chapter 2 Market Overview

Overview and Market Definition
Future Perspectives
Analysis of Macroeconomic Factors
Population Demographics and Aging Population
Global Economic Growth
Impact of the U.S. Tariffs on the Global Medtech Healthcare IT Industry Market
Impact of Ukraine-Russia War on MedTech, Healthcare IT Industry

Chapter 3 Regulatory Landscape

Regulatory Framework
United States
EU
Japan
Rest of Asia
Regulations for Healthcare IT

Chapter 4 Emerging Technologies and Developments

Emerging Technologies
Blockchain for Data Security
Nanotechnology
Biocompatible Materials
Patent Analysis
Patents, by Year
Patents, by Jurisdiction
Patents, by Inventor
Takeaways

Chapter 5 Sustainability in the MedTech Healthcare IT Industry: ESG Perspective

Introduction to ESG
Understanding the ESG Data
ESG Performance Analysis
Environmental Performance
Social Performance
Governance Performance
Concluding Remarks from BCC

Chapter 6 Competitive Intelligence

Industry Structure
Strategic Analysis

Chapter 7 Appendix

Methodology
Abbreviations
Sources
Company Profiles
ABBOTT
ALCON INC.
ALIGN TECHNOLOGY INC.
BAXTER
BD
BIO-RAD LABORATORIES INC.
BIOTRONIK
B. BRAUN SE
BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP.
CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORP.
CARDINAL HEALTH
COGNIZANT
CONNECTEDHEALTH
DANAHER CORP.
DEBIOTECH SA
DEXCOM INC.
EDWARDS LIFESCIENCES CORP.
F. HOFFMANN-LA ROCHE LTD.
FUJIFILM HOLDINGS CORP.
GE HEALTHCARE
HOLOGIC INC.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO. LTD.
IBM CORP.
INSULET CORP.
JOHNSON & JOHNSON SERVICES INC.
KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS N.V.
LIVANOVA PLC
MEDTRONIC
MICROSOFT
MCKESSON CORP.
OLYMPUS CORP.
OMRON CORP.
ORACLE
QUALCOMM TECHNOLOGIES INC.
RESMED
SIEMENS HEALTHINEERS AG
STRYKER
SMITH+NEPHEW
TANDEM DIABETES CARE INC.
TERUMO CORP.
UNITEDHEALTH GROUP
YPSOMED
ZIMMER BIOMET
Emerging Companies in the Market

Product Code: MDS068B

List of Tables

Table 1 : Current Health Expenditures, by Country, 2021-2023
Table 2 : Patents Granted for Medtech, by Inventor, 2023 to May 2025
Table 3 : Patents Granted for Healthcare IT, by Inventor, 2023 to May 2025
Table 4 : ESG Rankings of Medical Device Companies, 2025*
Table 5 : ESG: Environmental Performance in MedTech and Healthcare IT Industry
Table 6 : ESG: Social Performance in the MedTech and Healthcare IT Industry
Table 7 : ESG: Governance Performance in the MedTech and Healthcare IT Industry
Table 8 : Abbreviations Used in this Report
Table 9 : Information Sources Used for this Report
Table 10 : Abbott: Company Snapshot
Table 11 : Abbott: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 12 : Abbott: Product Portfolio
Table 13 : Abbott: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 14 : Alcon Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 15 : Alcon Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 16 : Alcon Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 17 : Alcon Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 18 : Align Technology Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 19 : Align Technology Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 20 : Align Technology Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 21 : Align Technology Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 22 : Baxter: Company Snapshot
Table 23 : Baxter: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 24 : Baxter: Product Portfolio
Table 25 : Baxter: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 26 : BD: Company Snapshot
Table 27 : BD: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 28 : BD: Product Portfolio
Table 29 : BD: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 30 : Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 31 : Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 32 : Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 33 : Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 34 : Biotronik: Company Snapshot
Table 35 : Biotronik: Product Portfolio
Table 36 : Biotronik: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 37 : B. Braun SE: Company Snapshot
Table 38 : B. Braun SE: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 39 : B. Braun SE: Product Portfolio
Table 40 : B. Braun SE: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 41 : Boston Scientific Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 42 : Boston Scientific Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 43 : Boston Scientific Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 44 : Boston Scientific Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 45 : Canon Medical Systems Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 46 : Canon Medical Systems Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 47 : Canon Medical Systems Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 48 : Cardinal Health: Company Snapshot
Table 49 : Cardinal Health: Financial Performance, FY 2022 and 2023
Table 50 : Cardinal Health: Product Portfolio
Table 51 : Cardinal Health: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 52 : Cognizant: Company Snapshot
Table 53 : Cognizant: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 54 : Cognizant: Product Portfolio
Table 55 : Cognizant: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 56 : ConnectedHealth: Company Snapshot
Table 57 : ConnectedHealth: Product Portfolio, 2022
Table 58 : Danaher Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 59 : Danaher Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 60 : Danaher Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 61 : Danaher Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 62 : Debiotech SA: Company Snapshot
Table 63 : Debiotech SA: Product Portfolio
Table 64 : Debiotech SA: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 65 : Dexcom Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 66 : Dexcom Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 67 : Dexcom Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 68 : Dexcom Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 69 : Edwards Lifesciences Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 70 : Edwards Lifesciences Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 71 : Edwards Lifesciences Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 72 : Edwards Lifesciences Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 73 : F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Company Snapshot
Table 74 : F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 75 : F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Product Portfolio
Table 76 : F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 77 : Fujifilm Holdings Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 78 : Fujifilm Holdings Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 79 : Fujifilm Holdings Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 80 : Fujifilm Holdings Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 81 : GE HealthCare: Company Snapshot
Table 82 : GE HealthCare: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 83 : GE HealthCare: Product Portfolio
Table 84 : GE Healthcare: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 85 : Hologic Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 86 : Hologic Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 87 : Hologic Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 88 : Hologic Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 89 : Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.: Company Snapshot
Table 90 : Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 91 : Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.: Product Portfolio
Table 92 : Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.: News/Key Developments, 2024
Table 93 : IBM Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 94 : IBM Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 95 : IBM Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 96 : IBM Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2025
Table 97 : Insulet Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 98 : Insulet Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 99 : Insulet Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 100 : Insulet Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 101 : Johnson & Johnson Services Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 102 : Johnson & Johnson Services Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 103 : Johnson & Johnson Services Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 104 : Johnson & Johnson Services Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 105 : Koninklijke Philips N.V.: Company Snapshot
Table 106 : Koninklijke Philips N.V.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 107 : Koninklijke Philips N.V.: Product Portfolio
Table 108 : Koninklijke Philips N.V.: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 109 : LivaNova PLC: Company Snapshot
Table 110 : LivaNova PLC: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 111 : LivaNova PLC: Product Portfolio
Table 112 : LivaNova PLC: News/Key Developments, 2023-2024
Table 113 : Medtronic: Company Snapshot
Table 114 : Medtronic: Financial Performance, FY 2022 and 2023
Table 115 : Medtronic: Product Portfolio
Table 116 : Medtronic: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 117 : Microsoft: Company Snapshot
Table 118 : Microsoft: Financial Performance, FY 2022 and 2023
Table 119 : Microsoft: Product Portfolio
Table 120 : Microsoft: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 121 : McKesson Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 122 : McKesson Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 123 : McKesson Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 124 : McKesson Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 125 : Olympus Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 126 : Olympus Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 127 : Olympus Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 128 : Olympus Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 129 : Omron Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 130 : Omron Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 131 : Omron Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 132 : Omron Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 133 : Oracle: Company Snapshot
Table 134 : Oracle: Financial Performance, FY 2022 and 2023
Table 135 : Oracle: Product Portfolio
Table 136 : Oracle: News/Key Developments, 2024-2025
Table 137 : Qualcomm Technologies Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 138 : Qualcomm Technologies Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 139 : Qualcomm Technologies Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 140 : Qualcomm Technologies Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2025
Table 141 : ResMed: Company Snapshot
Table 142 : ResMed: Financial Performance, FY 2022 and 2023
Table 143 : ResMed: Product Portfolio
Table 144 : ResMed: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 145 : Siemens Healthineers AG: Company Snapshot
Table 146 : Siemens Healthineers AG: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 147 : Siemens Healthineers AG: Product Portfolio
Table 148 : Siemens Healthineers AG: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 149 : Stryker: Company Snapshot
Table 150 : Stryker: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 151 : Stryker: Product Portfolio
Table 152 : Stryker: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 153 : Smith+Nephew: Company Snapshot
Table 154 : Smith+Nephew: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 155 : Smith+Nephew: Product Portfolio
Table 156 : Smith+Nephew: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 157 : Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.: Company Snapshot
Table 158 : Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 159 : Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.: Product Portfolio
Table 160 : Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 161 : Terumo Corp.: Company Snapshot
Table 162 : Terumo Corp.: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 163 : Terumo Corp.: Product Portfolio
Table 164 : Terumo Corp.: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 165 : UnitedHealth Group: Company Snapshot
Table 166 : UnitedHealth Group: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 167 : UnitedHealth Group: Product Portfolio
Table 168 : UnitedHealth Group: News/Key Developments, 2022
Table 169 : Ypsomed: Company Snapshot
Table 170 : Ypsomed: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 171 : Ypsomed: Product Portfolio
Table 172 : Ypsomed: News/Key Developments, 2022-2025
Table 173 : Zimmer Biomet: Company Snapshot
Table 174 : Zimmer Biomet: Financial Performance, FY 2023 and 2024
Table 175 : Zimmer Biomet: Product Portfolio
Table 176 : Zimmer Biomet: News/Key Developments, 2023-2025
Table 177 : Start-ups in the Global MedTech Market
Table 178 : Start-ups in the Global IVD Market
Table 179 : Start-ups in the Global Healthcare IT Market

List of Figures

Figure 1 : Trends and Emerging Technologies in the Industry
Figure 2 : Patents Granted for MedTech, by Year, 2023 to May 2025
Figure 3 : Patents Granted for Healthcare IT, by Year, 2023 to May 2025
Figure 4 : Patents Granted for Medtech, by Jurisdiction, 2023 to May 2025
Figure 5 : Patents Granted for Healthcare IT, by Jurisdiction, 2023 to May 2025
Figure 6 : ESG Metrics of the Medical Device Industry
Figure 7 : Global Market Shares of Medical Device Companies, 2024
Figure 8 : Global Market Shares of In Vitro Diagnostics, by Leading Companies, 2024
Figure 9 : Global Market Shares of Leading Healthcare IT Companies, 2024
Figure 10 : Number of Strategic Actions, by Strategy Type, 2025*
Figure 11 : Strategies Adopted, by Company, 2025*
Figure 12 : Abbott: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 13 : Abbott: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 14 : Alcon Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 15 : Alcon Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 16 : Align Technology Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 17 : Align Technology Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 18 : Baxter: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 19 : Baxter: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 20 : BD: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 21 : BD: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 22 : Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 23 : Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 24 : B. Braun SE: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 25 : B. Braun SE: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 26 : Boston Scientific Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 27 : Boston Scientific Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 28 : Cardinal Health: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2023
Figure 29 : Cardinal Health: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2023
Figure 30 : Cognizant: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 31 : Cognizant: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 32 : Danaher Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 33 : Danaher Corp.: Revenue Share, by Region/Country, FY 2024
Figure 34 : Dexcom Inc.: Revenue Share, by Sales Channel, FY 2024
Figure 35 : Dexcom Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 36 : Edwards Lifesciences Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 37 : Edwards Lifesciences Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 38 : F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 39 : F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 40 : Fujifilm Holdings Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 41 : Fujifilm Holdings Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 42 : GE HealthCare: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 43 : GE HealthCare: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 44 : Hologic Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 45 : Hologic Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 46 : Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 47 : Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 48 : IBM Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 49 : IBM Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 50 : Insulet Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 51 : Insulet Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 52 : Johnson & Johnson Services Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 53 : Johnson & Johnson Services Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 54 : Koninklijke Philips N.V.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 55 : Koninklijke Philips N.V.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 56 : LivaNova PLC: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 57 : LivaNova PLC: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 58 : Medtronic: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2023
Figure 59 : Medtronic: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2023
Figure 60 : Microsoft: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2023
Figure 61 : Microsoft: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2023
Figure 62 : McKesson Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 63 : Olympus Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 64 : Olympus Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 65 : Omron Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 66 : Omron Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 67 : Oracle: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2023
Figure 68 : Oracle: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2023
Figure 69 : Qualcomm Technologies Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 70 : Qualcomm Technologies Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 71 : ResMed: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2023
Figure 72 : ResMed: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2023
Figure 73 : Siemens Healthineers AG: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 74 : Siemens Healthineers AG: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 75 : Stryker: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 76 : Stryker: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 77 : Smith+Nephew: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 78 : Smith+Nephew: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 79 : Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 80 : Tandem Diabetes Care Inc.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 81 : Terumo Corp.: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 82 : Terumo Corp.: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 83 : UnitedHealth Group: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 84 : Ypsomed: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 85 : Ypsomed: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024
Figure 86 : Zimmer Biomet: Revenue Share, by Business Unit, FY 2024
Figure 87 : Zimmer Biomet: Revenue Share, by Country/Region, FY 2024

Global MedTech Healthcare IT Industry Competitive Landscape

Description

Table of Contents

List of Tables

Report Scope

Report Includes

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Executive Summary

Chapter 2 Market Overview

Chapter 3 Regulatory Landscape

Chapter 4 Emerging Technologies and Developments

Chapter 5 Sustainability in the MedTech Healthcare IT Industry: ESG Perspective

Chapter 6 Competitive Intelligence

Chapter 7 Appendix

List of Tables

List of Figures