PUBLISHER: Fortune Business Insights Pvt. Ltd. | PRODUCT CODE: 1916492
PUBLISHER: Fortune Business Insights Pvt. Ltd. | PRODUCT CODE: 1916492
Folic Acid Market Size, Share, Growth and Global Industry Analysis By Type & Application, Regional Insights and Forecast to 2026-2034
Growth Factors of folic acid Market
The global folic acid market is witnessing steady expansion, driven by increasing awareness of micronutrient deficiencies, rising anemia prevalence, and strong government-backed food fortification initiatives. According to the report year analysis, the folic acid market size was valued at USD 0.77 billion in 2025. The market increased to USD 0.81 billion in 2026 and is projected to reach USD 1.30 billion by 2034, reflecting consistent growth during the forecast period.
Market Overview
Folic acid, also known as Vitamin B9, is an essential water-soluble vitamin required for red blood cell formation, DNA synthesis, and cell growth. As the human body cannot synthesize or store folate efficiently, regular intake through fortified foods or dietary supplements is necessary. Folic acid plays a critical role in preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy, making it a key nutrient for pregnant and lactating women. Natural sources include leafy vegetables, asparagus, Brussels sprouts, bananas, beef, and legumes, while synthetic folic acid is widely used in food fortification and pharmaceutical formulations.
Folic Acid Market Snapshot (Year-wise)
- 2025 Market Size: USD 0.77 billion
- 2026 Market Size: USD 0.81 billion
- 2034 Forecast Market Size: USD 1.30 billion
- North America Market Share (2025): 39.65%
North America dominated the global folic acid market in 2025, supported by high incidences of anemia, established fortification mandates, and strong consumer awareness regarding prenatal nutrition.
Market Dynamics
Market Drivers:
Rising global incidences of anemia are a major driver supporting folic acid consumption. Pregnant women, adolescent girls, and children are among the most affected groups, particularly in developing regions. Government-led fortification programs aimed at improving maternal and infant health have significantly increased demand for Vitamin B9 in staple foods such as wheat flour and cereals. Countries including the U.S., Canada, Malaysia, and parts of Europe have enforced mandatory folic acid fortification, accelerating market growth.
Market Restraints:
Potential side effects associated with excessive intake of Vitamin B9, including gastrointestinal discomfort and long-term health risks, act as a limiting factor. These concerns may discourage overconsumption and restrict adoption in certain consumer segments.
Market Opportunities:
Technological advancements in folic acid production present strong growth opportunities. The adoption of microbial fermentation and biotechnological synthesis methods enhances scalability, sustainability, and cost efficiency. Improved fortification techniques also enable seamless incorporation of folic acid into food and beverages without affecting shelf life or bioavailability.
Market Challenges:
High production costs, particularly for naturally sourced folate, and intense competition from alternative supplements pose challenges for manufacturers. Synthetic folic acid remains more widely used due to affordability and ease of production.
Market Trends
A notable trend shaping the folic acid market is the rising popularity of nutricosmetics. These supplements focus on improving skin, hair, and overall beauty from within and increasingly include Vitamin B9 due to its role in cellular regeneration and protection against oxidative stress. North America, in particular, recorded visible growth in nutricosmetics consumption between 2023 and 2024, reinforcing demand for folic acid in nutraceutical formulations.
Segmentation Analysis
By Source:
The synthetic folic acid segment dominated the market, holding an 88.90% share in 2026, driven by cost-effectiveness and widespread availability. Natural folate sources accounted for a smaller share due to complex extraction processes and higher costs.
By Application:
The food & beverages segment led the market, contributing 45.23% share in 2026, supported by fortification mandates and growing consumer awareness of nutritional deficiencies. Pharmaceuticals emerged as the fastest-growing segment, driven by folic acid usage in anemia treatment and prenatal care. Nutraceuticals also recorded steady adoption due to rising preventive healthcare practices.
Regional Outlook
- North America: Valued at USD 0.30 billion in 2025 and USD 0.32 billion in 2026, led by the U.S. with strong prenatal supplement demand.
- Europe: Reached USD 0.21 billion in 2026, supported by aging populations and health-conscious consumers.
- Asia Pacific: Valued at USD 0.17 billion in 2026, driven by government fortification mandates in China, India, and Malaysia.
- South America: Reached USD 66.19 million in 2025, supported by developing supplement and feed industries.
- Middle East & Africa: Emerging growth, with the UAE valued at USD 7.57 million in 2025.
Competitive Landscape
The folic acid market is moderately competitive, with key players such as DSM-Firmenich, Parchem, Jiangxi Tianxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Nantong Changhai Food Additive focusing on product launches, fortified food solutions, and prenatal nutrition offerings. Strategic collaborations and regulatory-driven fortification initiatives continue to shape the competitive environment.
Overall, from USD 0.77 billion in 2025 to USD 1.30 billion by 2034, the folic acid market is expected to grow steadily, supported by public health initiatives, technological innovation, and rising global awareness of micronutrient deficiencies across diverse populations.
Conclusion
The global folic acid market is set to maintain steady and sustainable growth, underpinned by rising awareness of micronutrient deficiencies, increasing anemia prevalence, and expanding government-led food fortification programs worldwide. With a market value of USD 0.77 billion in 2025, rising to USD 0.81 billion in 2026 and projected to reach USD 1.30 billion by 2034, folic acid continues to strengthen its role as an essential nutrient across food & beverages, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical applications. North America's leadership reflects strong regulatory frameworks and prenatal nutrition awareness, while Asia Pacific and Europe are emerging as key growth regions due to mandatory fortification policies and improving health consciousness. The dominance of synthetic folic acid highlights cost efficiency and scalability, whereas innovation in production technologies and expanding applications such as nutricosmetics are creating new growth avenues. Despite challenges related to pricing, competition, and overconsumption concerns, continued public health initiatives, technological advancements, and rising global focus on preventive healthcare are expected to support the folic acid market's positive outlook through 2034.
Segmentation By Source
- Natural
- Synthetic
By Application
- Food & Beverages
- Pharmaceuticals
- Nutraceuticals
- Others
By Region
- North America (By Source, Application, and Country)
- U.S. (Source)
- Canada (Source)
- Mexico (Source)
- Europe (By Source, Application, and Country)
- Germany (Source)
- France (Source)
- Italy (Source)
- Spain (Source)
- U.K. (Source)
- Rest of Europe (Source)
- Asia Pacific (By Source, Application, and Country)
- China (Source)
- India (Source)
- Japan (Source)
- Australia (Source)
- Rest of Asia Pacific (Source)
- South America (By Source, Application, and Country)
- Brazil (Source)
- Argentina (Source)
- Rest of South America (source)
- Middle East & Africa (By Source, Application, and Country)
- UAE (Source)
- South Africa (Source)
- Rest of the Middle East & Africa (Source)
Table of Content
1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
2. Executive Summary
3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Market Drivers
- 3.2. Market Restraints
- 3.3. Market Opportunities
- 3.4. Market Trends
4. Key Insights
- 4.1. Market Overview of Related/Parent Market
- 4.2. Supply Chain Landscape
- 4.3. Regulatory Analysis
- 4.4. Industry SWOT Analysis
- 4.5. Recent Industry Developments - Policies, Mergers & Acquisitions, and New Product Launches
- 4.6. Impact of COVID-19 on the Market
5. Global Folic Acid Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2021-2034
- 5.1. Key Findings / Summary
- 5.2. Market Size Estimates and Forecast
- 5.2.1. By Source (Value)
- 5.2.1.1. Natural
- 5.2.1.2. Synthetic
- 5.2.2. By Application(Value)
- 5.2.2.1. Food & Beverages
- 5.2.2.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 5.2.2.3. Nutraceuticals
- 5.2.2.4. Others
- 5.2.3. By Region (Value)
- 5.2.3.1. North America
- 5.2.3.2. Europe
- 5.2.3.3. Asia Pacific
- 5.2.3.4. South America
- 5.2.3.5. Middle East and Africa
- 5.2.1. By Source (Value)
6. North America Folic Acid Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2021-2034
- 6.1. Key Findings / Summary
- 6.2. Market Size Estimates and Forecast
- 6.2.1. By Source (Value)
- 6.2.1.1. Natural
- 6.2.1.2. Synthetic
- 6.2.2. By Application(Value)
- 6.2.2.1. Food & Beverages
- 6.2.2.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 6.2.2.3. Nutraceuticals
- 6.2.2.4. Others
- 6.2.3. By Country
- 6.2.3.1. U.S.
- 6.2.3.2. Canada
- 6.2.3.3. Mexico
- 6.2.1. By Source (Value)
7. Europe Folic Acid Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2021-2034
- 7.1. Key Findings / Summary
- 7.2. Market Size Estimates and Forecast
- 7.2.1. By Source (Value)
- 7.2.1.1. Natural
- 7.2.1.2. Synthetic
- 7.2.2. By Application(Value)
- 7.2.2.1. Food & Beverages
- 7.2.2.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 7.2.2.3. Nutraceuticals
- 7.2.2.4. Others
- 7.2.3. By Country
- 7.2.3.1. Germany
- 7.2.3.2. France
- 7.2.3.3. Spain
- 7.2.3.4. Italy
- 7.2.3.5. U.K.
- 7.2.3.6. Rest of Europe
- 7.2.1. By Source (Value)
8. Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2021-2034
- 8.1. Key Findings / Summary
- 8.1.1. By Source (Value)
- 8.1.1.1. Natural
- 8.1.1.2. Synthetic
- 8.1.2. By Application(Value)
- 8.1.2.1. Food & Beverages
- 8.1.2.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 8.1.2.3. Nutraceuticals
- 8.1.2.4. Others
- 8.1.3. By Country
- 8.1.3.1. China
- 8.1.3.2. India
- 8.1.3.3. Japan
- 8.1.3.4. Australia
- 8.1.3.5. Rest of Asia Pacific
- 8.1.1. By Source (Value)
9. South America Folic Acid Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2021-2034
- 9.1. Key Findings / Summary
- 9.1.1. By Source (Value)
- 9.1.1.1. Natural
- 9.1.1.2. Synthetic
- 9.1.2. By Application(Value)
- 9.1.2.1. Food & Beverages
- 9.1.2.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 9.1.2.3. Nutraceuticals
- 9.1.2.4. Others
- 9.1.3. By Country
- 9.1.3.1. Brazil
- 9.1.3.2. Argentina
- 9.1.3.3. Rest of South America
- 9.1.1. By Source (Value)
10. Middle East and Africa Folic Acid Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2021-2034
- 10.1. Key Findings / Summary
- 10.1.1. By Source (Value)
- 10.1.1.1. Natural
- 10.1.1.2. Synthetic
- 10.1.2. By Application(Value)
- 10.1.2.1. Food & Beverages
- 10.1.2.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 10.1.2.3. Nutraceuticals
- 10.1.2.4. Others
- 10.1.3. By Country
- 10.1.3.1. South Africa
- 10.1.3.2. UAE
- 10.1.3.3. Rest of MEA
- 10.1.1. By Source (Value)
11. Competitive Matrix
- 11.1. Business Strategies Adopted by Leading Players
- 11.2. Global Folic Acid Market Revenue Share/Ranking Analysis, By Key Manufacturer, 2025
12. Company Profiles
- 12.1. DSM - Firmenich
- 12.1.1. Overview
- 12.1.2. Description
- 12.1.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.1.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2. Jiangxi Tianxin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 12.2.1. Overview
- 12.2.2. Description
- 12.2.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.2.4. Recent Developments
- 12.3. Parchem
- 12.3.1. Overview
- 12.3.2. Description
- 12.3.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.3.4. Recent Developments
- 12.4. Nantong Changhai Food Additive
- 12.4.1. Overview
- 12.4.2. Description
- 12.4.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.4.4. Recent Developments
- 12.5. Xinfa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 12.5.1. Overview
- 12.5.2. Description
- 12.5.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.5.4. Recent Developments
- 12.6. Foodchem International Corporation
- 12.6.1. Overview
- 12.6.2. Description
- 12.6.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.6.4. Recent Developments
- 12.7. Heibei Jiheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 12.7.1. Overview
- 12.7.2. Description
- 12.7.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.7.4. Recent Developments
- 12.8. Fengchen Group Co., Ltd.
- 12.8.1. Overview
- 12.8.2. Description
- 12.8.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.8.4. Recent Developments
- 12.9. Vivion
- 12.9.1. Overview
- 12.9.2. Description
- 12.9.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.9.4. Recent Developments
- 12.10. Superior Supplement Manufacturing
- 12.10.1. Overview
- 12.10.2. Description
- 12.10.3. Financials (Data as available in public domain and/or on paid databases)
- 12.10.4. Recent Developments
13. Strategic Recommendations
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 2: Global Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034
- Table 3: Global Folic Acid Market (USD Mn) Forecast, By Region, 2021-2034
- Table 4: North America Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 5: North America Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034
- Table 6: North America Folic Acid Market (USD Mn) Forecast, By Country, 2021-2034
- Table 7: U.S. Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 8: Canada Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 9: Mexico Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 10: Europe Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 11: Europe Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034
- Table 12: Europe Folic Acid Market (USD Mn) Forecast, By Country, 2021-2034
- Table 13: Germany Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 14: U.K. Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 15: France Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 16: Spain Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 17: Italy Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 18: Rest of Europe Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 19: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 20: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034
- Table 21: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market (USD Mn) Forecast, By Country, 2021-2034
- Table 22: China Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 23: India Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 24: Japan Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 25: Australia Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 26: Rest of APAC Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 27: South America Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 28: South America Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034
- Table 29: South America Folic Acid Market (USD Mn) Forecast, By Country, 2021-2034
- Table 30: Brazil Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 31: Argentina Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 32: Rest of South America Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 33: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 34: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034
- Table 35: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market (USD Mn) Forecast, By Country, 2021-2034
- Table 36: South Africa Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 37: UAE Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
- Table 38: Rest of MEA Folic Acid Market, (USD Mn) Forecast, By Source, 2021-2034
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global Folic Acid Market Revenue Breakdown (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 2: Global Folic Acid Market Revenue Breakdown (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 3: Global Folic Acid Market Revenue Breakdown (USD Mn) By Application, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 4: Global Folic Acid Market Revenue Breakdown (%) By Application, 2025
- Figure 5: Global Folic Acid Market Revenue Breakdown (USD Mn) By Region, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 6: Global Folic Acid Market Share (%) By Region, 2025
- Figure 7: North America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 8: North America Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 9: North America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Application, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 10: North America Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Application, 2025
- Figure 11: North America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Country, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 12: North America Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Country, 2025
- Figure 13: U.S. Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 14: U.S. Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 15: Canada Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 16: Canada Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 17: Mexico Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 18: Mexico Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 19: Europe Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 20: Europe Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 21: Europe Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Application, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 22: Europe Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Application, 2025
- Figure 23: Europe Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Country, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 24: Europe Folic Acid Value Share (%) By Country, 2025
- Figure 25: Germany Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 26: Germany Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 27: U.K. Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 28: U.K. Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 29: France Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 30: France Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 31: Italy Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 32: Italy Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 33: Spain Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 34: Spain Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 35: Rest of Europe Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 36: Rest of Europe Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 37: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 38: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 39: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Application, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 40: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Value Share (%) By Application, 2025
- Figure 41: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Country, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 42: Asia Pacific Folic Acid Value Share (%) By Country, 2025
- Figure 43: China Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 44: China Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 45: India Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 46: India Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 47: Japan Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 48: Japan Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 49: Australia Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 50: Australia Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 51: Rest of APAC Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 52: Rest of APAC Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 53: South America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 54: South America Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 55: South America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Application, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 56: South America Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Application, 2025
- Figure 57: South America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Country, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 58: South America Folic Acid Value Share (%) By Country 2025
- Figure 59: Brazil Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 60: Brazil Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 61: Argentina Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 62: Argentina Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 63: Rest of South America Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 64: Rest of South America Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 65: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 66: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 67: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn), By Application, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 68: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market Value Share (%), By Application, 2025
- Figure 69: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Country, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 70: Middle East & Africa Folic Acid Value Share (%) By Country, 2025
- Figure 71: South Africa Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 72: South Africa Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 73: UAE Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 74: UAE Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 75: Rest of MEA Folic Acid Market Value (USD Mn) By Source, 2025 & 2034
- Figure 76: Rest of MEA Folic Acid Market Value Share (%) By Source, 2025
- Figure 77: Global Folic Acid Market Ranking Analysis (%), By Key Players, 2025
