The Global Industrial Biomanufacturing Market 2026-2036

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• 1.1. Definition and Scope of Industrial Biomanufacturing
• 1.2. Overview of Industrial Biomanufacturing Processes
• 1.3. Key Components of Industrial Biomanufacturing
• 1.4. Importance of Industrial Biomanufacturing in the Global Economy
  • 1.4.1. Role in Healthcare and Pharmaceutical Industries
  • 1.4.2. Impact on Industrial Biotechnology and Sustainability
  • 1.4.3. Food Security
  • 1.4.4. Circular Economy
• 1.5. Colours of Biotechnology
• 1.6. Markets
  • 1.6.1. Biopharmaceuticals
  • 1.6.2. Industrial Enzymes
  • 1.6.3. Biofuels
  • 1.6.4. Biomaterials and Bioplastics
  • 1.6.5. Specialty Chemicals
  • 1.6.6. Food and Beverage
  • 1.6.7. Agriculture and Animal Health
  • 1.6.8. Environmental Biotechnology
• 1.7. AI and Robotics in Biomanufacturing
• 1.8. Other Advanced and Emerging Technologies in Biomanufacturing

2. PRODUCTION

• 2.1. Microbial Fermentation
• 2.2. Mammalian Cell Culture
• 2.3. Plant Cell Culture
• 2.4. Insect Cell Culture
• 2.5. Transgenic Animals
• 2.6. Transgenic Plants
• 2.7. Technologies
  • 2.7.1. Upstream Processing
    • 2.7.1.1. Cell Culture
      • 2.7.1.1.1. Overview
      • 2.7.1.1.2. Types of Cell Culture Systems
      • 2.7.1.1.3. Factors Affecting Cell Culture Performance
      • 2.7.1.1.4. Advances in Cell Culture Technology
        • 2.7.1.1.4.1. Single-use systems
        • 2.7.1.1.4.2. Process analytical technology (PAT)
        • 2.7.1.1.4.3. Cell line development
  • 2.7.2. Fermentation
    • 2.7.2.1. Overview
      • 2.7.2.1.1. Types of Fermentation Processes
      • 2.7.2.1.2. Factors Affecting Fermentation Performance
      • 2.7.2.1.3. Advances in Fermentation Technology
        • 2.7.2.1.3.1. High-cell-density fermentation
        • 2.7.2.1.3.2. Continuous processing
        • 2.7.2.1.3.3. Metabolic engineering
        • 2.7.2.1.3.4. Synthetic biology applications
        • 2.7.2.1.3.5. Cell-free systems
        • 2.7.2.1.3.6. Continuous vs batch biomanufacturing
  • 2.7.3. Downstream Processing
    • 2.7.3.1. Purification
      • 2.7.3.1.1. Overview
      • 2.7.3.1.2. Types of Purification Methods
      • 2.7.3.1.3. Factors Affecting Purification Performance
      • 2.7.3.1.4. Advances in Purification Technology
        • 2.7.3.1.4.1. Affinity chromatography
        • 2.7.3.1.4.2. Membrane chromatography
        • 2.7.3.1.4.3. Continuous chromatography
        • 2.7.3.1.4.4. Downstream processing (DSP) improvements
        • 2.7.3.1.4.5. Tangential flow filtration (TFF) in downstream bioprocessing
  • 2.7.4. Formulation
    • 2.7.4.1. Overview
      • 2.7.4.1.1. Types of Formulation Methods
      • 2.7.4.1.2. Factors Affecting Formulation Performance
      • 2.7.4.1.3. Advances in Formulation Technology
        • 2.7.4.1.3.1. Controlled release
        • 2.7.4.1.3.2. Nanoparticle formulation
        • 2.7.4.1.3.3. 3D printing
  • 2.7.5. Bioprocess Development
    • 2.7.5.1. Scale-up
      • 2.7.5.1.1. Overview
      • 2.7.5.1.2. Factors Affecting Scale-up Performance
      • 2.7.5.1.3. Scale-up Strategies
    • 2.7.5.2. Optimization
      • 2.7.5.2.1. Overview
      • 2.7.5.2.2. Factors Affecting Optimization Performance
      • 2.7.5.2.3. Optimization Strategies
      • 2.7.5.2.4. Machine learning to improve biomanufacturing processes
      • 2.7.5.2.5. Process intensification and high-cell-density fermentation
      • 2.7.5.2.6. Hybrid biotechnological-chemical approaches
  • 2.7.6. Analytical Methods
    • 2.7.6.1. Quality Control
      • 2.7.6.1.1. Overview
      • 2.7.6.1.2. Types of Quality Control Tests
      • 2.7.6.1.3. Factors Affecting Quality Control Performance
    • 2.7.6.2. Characterization
      • 2.7.6.2.1. Overview
      • 2.7.6.2.2. Types of Characterization Methods
      • 2.7.6.2.3. Factors Affecting Characterization Performance
  • 2.7.7. Synthetic Biology Tools and Techniques
    • 2.7.7.1. DNA synthesis
    • 2.7.7.2. CRISPR-Cas9 systems
    • 2.7.7.3. Protein/enzyme engineering
    • 2.7.7.4. Computer-aided design
    • 2.7.7.5. Strain construction and optimization
    • 2.7.7.6. Robotics and automation
    • 2.7.7.7. Artificial intelligence and machine learning
  • 2.7.8. Alternative Feedstocks and Sustainability
    • 2.7.8.1. C1 feedstocks: Metabolic pathways
    • 2.7.8.2. C2 feedstocks
    • 2.7.8.3. Lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks
    • 2.7.8.4. Blue biotechnology feedstocks
    • 2.7.8.5. Routes for carbon capture in biotechnology
• 2.8. Scale of Production
  • 2.8.1. Laboratory Scale
    • 2.8.1.1. Overview
    • 2.8.1.2. Scale and Equipment
    • 2.8.1.3. Advantages
    • 2.8.1.4. Disadvantages
  • 2.8.2. Pilot Scale
    • 2.8.2.1. Overview
    • 2.8.2.2. Scale and Equipment
    • 2.8.2.3. Advantages
    • 2.8.2.4. Disadvantages
  • 2.8.3. Commercial Scale
    • 2.8.3.1. Overview
    • 2.8.3.2. Scale and Equipment
    • 2.8.3.3. Advantages
    • 2.8.3.4. Disadvantages
• 2.9. Mode of Operation
  • 2.9.1. Batch Production
    • 2.9.1.1. Overview
    • 2.9.1.2. Advantages
    • 2.9.1.3. Disadvantages
    • 2.9.1.4. Applications
  • 2.9.2. Fed-batch Production
    • 2.9.2.1. Overview
    • 2.9.2.2. Advantages
    • 2.9.2.3. Disadvantages
    • 2.9.2.4. Applications
  • 2.9.3. Continuous Production
    • 2.9.3.1. Overview
    • 2.9.3.2. Advantages
    • 2.9.3.3. Disadvantages
    • 2.9.3.4. Applications
    • 2.9.3.5. Key fermentation parameter comparison
  • 2.9.4. Cell factories for biomanufacturing
    • 2.9.4.1. Range of organisms
    • 2.9.4.2. Escherichia coli (E.coli)
    • 2.9.4.3. Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum)
    • 2.9.4.4. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis)
    • 2.9.4.5. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)
    • 2.9.4.6. Yarrowia lipolytica (Y. lipolytica)
    • 2.9.4.7. Non-model organisms
  • 2.9.5. Perfusion Culture
    • 2.9.5.1. Overview
    • 2.9.5.2. Advantages
    • 2.9.5.3. Disadvantages
    • 2.9.5.4. Applications
    • 2.9.5.5. Perfusion bioreactors
  • 2.9.6. Other Modes of Operation
    • 2.9.6.1. Immobilized Cell Culture
      • 2.9.6.1.1. Immobilized enzymes
      • 2.9.6.1.2. Immobilized catalysts
    • 2.9.6.2. Two-Stage Production
    • 2.9.6.3. Hybrid Systems
• 2.10. Host Organisms

3. BIOPHARMACEUTICALS

• 3.1. Overview
• 3.2. Technology/materials analysis
  • 3.2.1. Monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs)
  • 3.2.2. Recombinant Proteins
  • 3.2.3. Vaccines
  • 3.2.4. Cell and Gene Therapies
  • 3.2.5. Blood Factors
  • 3.2.6. Tissue Engineering Products
  • 3.2.7. Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
  • 3.2.8. Peptide Therapeutics
  • 3.2.9. Biosimilars and Biobetters
  • 3.2.10. Nanobodies and Antibody Fragments
  • 3.2.11. Synthetic biology
    • 3.2.11.1. Metabolic engineering
      • 3.2.11.1.1. DNA synthesis
      • 3.2.11.1.2. CRISPR
        • 3.2.11.1.2.1. CRISPR/Cas9-modified biosynthetic pathways
    • 3.2.11.2. Protein/Enzyme Engineering
    • 3.2.11.3. Strain construction and optimization
    • 3.2.11.4. Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering
    • 3.2.11.5. Smart bioprocessing
    • 3.2.11.6. Cell-free systems
    • 3.2.11.7. Chassis organisms
    • 3.2.11.8. Biomimetics
    • 3.2.11.9. Sustainable materials
    • 3.2.11.10. Robotics and automation
      • 3.2.11.10.1. Robotic cloud laboratories
      • 3.2.11.10.2. Automating organism design
      • 3.2.11.10.3. Artificial intelligence and machine learning
    • 3.2.11.11. Fermentation Processes
  • 3.2.12. Generative Biology
    • 3.2.12.1. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs)
      • 3.2.12.1.1. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)
      • 3.2.12.1.2. Normalizing Flows
      • 3.2.12.1.3. Autoregressive Models
      • 3.2.12.1.4. Evolutionary Generative Models
    • 3.2.12.2. Design Optimization
      • 3.2.12.2.1. Evolutionary Algorithms (e.g., Genetic Algorithms, Evolutionary Strategies)
        • 3.2.12.2.1.1. Genetic Algorithms (GAs)
        • 3.2.12.2.1.2. Evolutionary Strategies (ES)
      • 3.2.12.2.2. Reinforcement Learning
      • 3.2.12.2.3. Multi-Objective Optimization
      • 3.2.12.2.4. Bayesian Optimization
    • 3.2.12.3. Computational Biology
      • 3.2.12.3.1. Molecular Dynamics Simulations
      • 3.2.12.3.2. Quantum Mechanical Calculations
      • 3.2.12.3.3. Systems Biology Modeling
      • 3.2.12.3.4. Metabolic Engineering Modeling
    • 3.2.12.4. Data-Driven Approaches
      • 3.2.12.4.1. Machine Learning
      • 3.2.12.4.2. Graph Neural Networks
      • 3.2.12.4.3. Unsupervised Learning
      • 3.2.12.4.4. Active Learning and Bayesian Optimization
    • 3.2.12.5. Agent-Based Modeling
    • 3.2.12.6. Hybrid Approaches
• 3.3. Market analysis
  • 3.3.1. Key players and competitive landscape
  • 3.3.2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends
  • 3.3.3. Regulations
  • 3.3.4. Value chain
  • 3.3.5. Future outlook
  • 3.3.6. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
  • 3.3.7. Addressable Market Size
  • 3.3.8. Risks and Opportunities
  • 3.3.9. Global revenues
    • 3.3.9.1. By application market
    • 3.3.9.2. By regional market
• 3.4. Company profiles (131 company profiles)

4. INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES (BIOCATALYSTS)

• 4.1. Overview
  • 4.1.1. Bio-manufactured enzymes
• 4.2. Technology/materials analysis
  • 4.2.1. Detergent Enzymes
  • 4.2.2. Food Processing Enzymes
  • 4.2.3. Textile Processing Enzymes
  • 4.2.4. Paper and Pulp Processing Enzymes
  • 4.2.5. Leather Processing Enzymes
  • 4.2.6. Biofuel Production Enzymes
    • 4.2.6.1. Enzymes for lignocellulosic derived bioethanol
    • 4.2.6.2. Cellulases for lignocellulosic bioethanol
    • 4.2.6.3. Hemicellulases and synergistic enzyme cocktails
    • 4.2.6.4. Thermostable and extremophilic enzymes
    • 4.2.6.5. Cost-performance metrics for thermostable enzymes
  • 4.2.7. Animal Feed Enzymes
  • 4.2.8. Pharmaceutical and Diagnostic Enzymes
  • 4.2.9. Waste Management and Bioremediation Enzymes
    • 4.2.9.1. Enzymes for plastics recycling
    • 4.2.9.2. Enzymatic depolymerization
    • 4.2.9.3. Challenges in enzymatic depolymerization
  • 4.2.10. Agriculture and Crop Improvement Enzymes
  • 4.2.11. Enzymes for Decarbonization and CO2 Utilization
    • 4.2.11.1. Carbonic anhydrase in CO2 capture technologies
    • 4.2.11.2. Formate dehydrogenase and CO2-to-chemicals pathways
    • 4.2.11.3. Selected enzymatic approaches to CO2 capture and conversion
• 4.3. Market analysis
  • 4.3.1. Key players and competitive landscape
  • 4.3.2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends
  • 4.3.3. Technology challenges and opportunities for industrial enzymes
  • 4.3.4. Economic competitiveness of enzymatic processing
  • 4.3.5. Regulations
  • 4.3.6. Value chain
  • 4.3.7. Future outlook
  • 4.3.8. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
  • 4.3.9. Addressable Market Size
  • 4.3.10. Risks and Opportunities
  • 4.3.11. Global revenues
    • 4.3.11.1. By application market
    • 4.3.11.2. By regional market
• 4.4. Company profiles (63 company profiles)

5. BIOFUELS

• 5.1. Overview
• 5.2. Technology/materials analysis
  • 5.2.1. Role in the circular economy
  • 5.2.2. The global biofuels market
  • 5.2.3. Feedstocks
    • 5.2.3.1. First-generation (1-G)
    • 5.2.3.2. Second-generation (2-G)
      • 5.2.3.2.1. Lignocellulosic wastes and residues
      • 5.2.3.2.2. Biorefinery lignin
    • 5.2.3.3. Third-generation (3-G)
      • 5.2.3.3.1. Algal biofuels
        • 5.2.3.3.1.1. Properties
        • 5.2.3.3.1.2. Advantages
    • 5.2.3.4. Fourth-generation (4-G)
    • 5.2.3.5. Advantages and disadvantages, by generation
  • 5.2.4. Bioethanol
    • 5.2.4.1. First-generation bioethanol (from sugars and starches)
    • 5.2.4.2. Second-generation bioethanol (from lignocellulosic biomass)
    • 5.2.4.3. Third-generation bioethanol (from algae)
  • 5.2.5. Biodiesel
    • 5.2.5.1. Biodiesel by generation
    • 5.2.5.2. SWOT analysis
    • 5.2.5.3. Production of biodiesel and other biofuels
      • 5.2.5.3.1. Pyrolysis of biomass
      • 5.2.5.3.2. Vegetable oil transesterification
      • 5.2.5.3.3. Vegetable oil hydrogenation (HVO)
        • 5.2.5.3.3.1. Production process
      • 5.2.5.3.4. Biodiesel from tall oil
      • 5.2.5.3.5. Fischer-Tropsch BioDiesel
      • 5.2.5.3.6. Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass
      • 5.2.5.3.7. CO2 capture and Fischer-Tropsch (FT)
      • 5.2.5.3.8. Dymethyl ether (DME)
    • 5.2.5.4. Prices
    • 5.2.5.5. Global production and consumption
  • 5.2.6. Biogas
    • 5.2.6.1. Feedstocks
    • 5.2.6.2. Biomethane
      • 5.2.6.2.1. Production pathways
        • 5.2.6.2.1.1. Landfill gas recovery
        • 5.2.6.2.1.2. Anaerobic digestion
        • 5.2.6.2.1.3. Thermal gasification
    • 5.2.6.3. SWOT analysis
    • 5.2.6.4. Global production
    • 5.2.6.5. Prices
      • 5.2.6.5.1. Raw Biogas
      • 5.2.6.5.2. Upgraded Biomethane
    • 5.2.6.6. Bio-LNG
      • 5.2.6.6.1. Markets
        • 5.2.6.6.1.1. Trucks
        • 5.2.6.6.1.2. Marine
      • 5.2.6.6.2. Production
      • 5.2.6.6.3. Plants
    • 5.2.6.7. bio-CNG (compressed natural gas derived from biogas)
    • 5.2.6.8. Carbon capture from biogas
    • 5.2.6.9. Biosyngas
      • 5.2.6.9.1. Production
      • 5.2.6.9.2. Prices
  • 5.2.7. Biobutanol
    • 5.2.7.1. Production
    • 5.2.7.2. Prices
  • 5.2.8. Biohydrogen
    • 5.2.8.1. Description
      • 5.2.8.1.1. Dark fermentation
      • 5.2.8.1.2. Photofermentation
      • 5.2.8.1.3. Biophotolysis (direct and indirect)
        • 5.2.8.1.3.1. Direct Biophotolysis:
        • 5.2.8.1.3.2. Indirect Biophotolysis:
    • 5.2.8.2. SWOT analysis
    • 5.2.8.3. Production of biohydrogen from biomass
      • 5.2.8.3.1. Biological Conversion Routes
        • 5.2.8.3.1.1. Bio-photochemical Reaction
        • 5.2.8.3.1.2. Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion
      • 5.2.8.3.2. Thermochemical conversion routes
        • 5.2.8.3.2.1. Biomass Gasification
        • 5.2.8.3.2.2. Biomass Pyrolysis
        • 5.2.8.3.2.3. Biomethane Reforming
    • 5.2.8.4. Applications
    • 5.2.8.5. Prices
  • 5.2.9. Biomethanol
    • 5.2.9.1. Gasification-based biomethanol
    • 5.2.9.2. Biosynthesis-based biomethanol
    • 5.2.9.3. SWOT analysis
    • 5.2.9.4. Methanol-to gasoline technology
      • 5.2.9.4.1. Production processes
        • 5.2.9.4.1.1. Anaerobic digestion
        • 5.2.9.4.1.2. Biomass gasification
        • 5.2.9.4.1.3. Power to Methane
  • 5.2.10. Bio-oil and Biochar
    • 5.2.10.1. Pyrolysis-based bio-oil
    • 5.2.10.2. Hydrothermal liquefaction-based bio-oil
    • 5.2.10.3. Biochar from pyrolysis and gasification processes
    • 5.2.10.4. Advantages of bio-oils
    • 5.2.10.5. Production
      • 5.2.10.5.1. Fast Pyrolysis
      • 5.2.10.5.2. Costs of production
      • 5.2.10.5.3. Upgrading
    • 5.2.10.6. SWOT analysis
    • 5.2.10.7. Applications
    • 5.2.10.8. Bio-oil producers
    • 5.2.10.9. Prices
  • 5.2.11. Renewable Diesel and Jet Fuel
    • 5.2.11.1. Renewable diesel
      • 5.2.11.1.1. Production
      • 5.2.11.1.2. SWOT analysis
      • 5.2.11.1.3. Global consumption
      • 5.2.11.1.4. Prices
    • 5.2.11.2. Bio-aviation fuel (bio-jet fuel, sustainable aviation fuel, renewable jet fuel or aviation biofuel)
      • 5.2.11.2.1. Description
      • 5.2.11.2.2. SWOT analysis
      • 5.2.11.2.3. Global production and consumption
      • 5.2.11.2.4. Production pathways
      • 5.2.11.2.5. Prices
      • 5.2.11.2.6. Bio-aviation fuel production capacities
      • 5.2.11.2.7. Challenges
      • 5.2.11.2.8. Global consumption
  • 5.2.12. Algal biofuels
    • 5.2.12.1. Conversion pathways
    • 5.2.12.2. SWOT analysis
    • 5.2.12.3. Production
    • 5.2.12.4. Market challenges
    • 5.2.12.5. Prices
    • 5.2.12.6. Producers
• 5.3. Market analysis
  • 5.3.1. Key players and competitive landscape
  • 5.3.2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends
  • 5.3.3. Regulations
  • 5.3.4. Value chain
  • 5.3.5. Future outlook
  • 5.3.6. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
  • 5.3.7. Addressable Market Size
  • 5.3.8. Risks and Opportunities
  • 5.3.9. Global revenues
    • 5.3.9.1. By biofuel type
    • 5.3.9.2. Applications Market
    • 5.3.9.3. By regional market
• 5.4. Company profiles (233 company profiles)

6. BIOPLASTICS

• 6.1. Overview
• 6.2. Technology/materials analysis
  • 6.2.1. Polylactic acid (PLA)
  • 6.2.2. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
    • 6.2.2.1. Types
    • 6.2.2.2. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)
    • 6.2.2.3. Polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV)
  • 6.2.3. Bio-based polyethylene (PE)
  • 6.2.4. Bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
  • 6.2.5. Bio-based polyurethanes (PUs)
  • 6.2.6. Starch-based plastics
  • 6.2.7. Cellulose-based plastics
• 6.3. Market analysis
  • 6.3.1. Key players and competitive landscape
  • 6.3.2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends
  • 6.3.3. Regulations
  • 6.3.4. Value chain
  • 6.3.5. Future outlook
  • 6.3.6. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
  • 6.3.7. Addressable Market Size
  • 6.3.8. Risks and Opportunities
  • 6.3.9. Global revenues
    • 6.3.9.1. By type
    • 6.3.9.2. By application market
    • 6.3.9.3. By regional market
• 6.4. Company profiles (581 company profiles)

7. BIOCHEMICALS

• 7.1. Overview
• 7.2. Technology/materials analysis
  • 7.2.1. Organic acids
    • 7.2.1.1. Lactic acid
      • 7.2.1.1.1. D-lactic acid
      • 7.2.1.1.2. L-lactic acid
    • 7.2.1.2. Succinic acid
    • 7.2.1.3. Itaconic acid
    • 7.2.1.4. Citric acid
    • 7.2.1.5. Acetic acid
  • 7.2.2. Amino acids
    • 7.2.2.1. Glutamic acid
    • 7.2.2.2. Lysine
    • 7.2.2.3. Threonine
    • 7.2.2.4. Methionine
    • 7.2.2.5. Vitamins produced using biotechnology
      • 7.2.2.5.1. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
      • 7.2.2.5.2. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
      • 7.2.2.5.3. Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
      • 7.2.2.5.4. Vitamin B7 (Biotin)
      • 7.2.2.5.5. Vitamin B3 (Niacin / Nicotinic Acid)
      • 7.2.2.5.6. Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid / Folate)
  • 7.2.3. Alcohols
    • 7.2.3.1. Ethanol
    • 7.2.3.2. Butanol
    • 7.2.3.3. Isobutanol
    • 7.2.3.4. Propanediol
  • 7.2.4. Surfactants
    • 7.2.4.1. Biosurfactants (e.g., rhamnolipids, sophorolipids)
      • 7.2.4.1.1. Rhamnolipids
      • 7.2.4.1.2. Sophorolipids
      • 7.2.4.1.3. Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs)
      • 7.2.4.1.4. Cellobiose lipids
      • 7.2.4.1.5. Designer glycolipids and lipopeptides via synthetic biology
    • 7.2.4.2. Alkyl polyglucosides (APGs)
  • 7.2.5. Solvents
    • 7.2.5.1. Ethyl lactate
    • 7.2.5.2. Dimethyl carbonate
    • 7.2.5.3. Glycerol
  • 7.2.6. Flavours and fragrances
    • 7.2.6.1. Vanillin
    • 7.2.6.2. Nootkatone
    • 7.2.6.3. Limonene
    • 7.2.6.4. Bio-manufactured fragrances and aromatics
    • 7.2.6.5. Biotech-derived fragrance precursors
    • 7.2.6.6. Ambroxan
    • 7.2.6.7. Flavour enhancers
    • 7.2.6.8. Disodium Inosinate (IMP)
    • 7.2.6.9. Disodium Guanylate (GMP)
    • 7.2.6.10. Monatin
  • 7.2.7. Bio-based monomers and intermediates
    • 7.2.7.1. Succinic acid
    • 7.2.7.2. 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)
    • 7.2.7.3. Isoprene
    • 7.2.7.4. Ethylene
    • 7.2.7.5. Propylene
    • 7.2.7.6. Adipic acid
    • 7.2.7.7. Acrylic acid
    • 7.2.7.8. Sebacic acid
  • 7.2.8. Bio-based polymers
    • 7.2.8.1. Polybutylene succinate (PBS)
    • 7.2.8.2. Polyamides (nylons)
    • 7.2.8.3. Polyethylene furanoate (PEF)
    • 7.2.8.4. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT)
    • 7.2.8.5. Polyethylene isosorbide terephthalate (PEIT)
  • 7.2.9. Bio-based composites and blends
    • 7.2.9.1. Wood-plastic composites (WPCs)
    • 7.2.9.2. Biofiller-reinforced plastics
    • 7.2.9.3. Biofiber-reinforced plastics
    • 7.2.9.4. Polymer blends with bio-based components
  • 7.2.10. Beauty and Personal Care Chemicals
    • 7.2.10.1. Hyaluronic acid production
    • 7.2.10.2. Squalene and Squalane alternatives
    • 7.2.10.3. Collagen
    • 7.2.10.4. Bio-based UV filters and photoprotective compounds
    • 7.2.10.5. Melanin
    • 7.2.10.6. Emollients
  • 7.2.11. Waste
    • 7.2.11.1. Food waste
    • 7.2.11.2. Agricultural waste
    • 7.2.11.3. Forestry waste
    • 7.2.11.4. Aquaculture/fishing waste
    • 7.2.11.5. Municipal solid waste
    • 7.2.11.6. Industrial waste
    • 7.2.11.7. Waste oils
  • 7.2.12. Microbial and mineral sources
    • 7.2.12.1. Microalgae
    • 7.2.12.2. Macroalgae
    • 7.2.12.3. Cyanobacteria
    • 7.2.12.4. Mineral sources
  • 7.2.13. Other Bio-manufactured Products
    • 7.2.13.1. Cement alternatives from biomanufacturing
    • 7.2.13.2. Precision fermentation products
• 7.3. Market analysis
  • 7.3.1. Key players and competitive landscape
    • 7.3.1.1. Company landscape in specialty chemicals biotechnology
    • 7.3.1.2. Bio-manufactured beauty ingredient production capacities
  • 7.3.2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends
    • 7.3.2.1. Trends and drivers in biotechnology
    • 7.3.2.2. Government support of biotechnology
    • 7.3.2.3. Carbon taxes
  • 7.3.3. Regulations
  • 7.3.4. Value chain
    • 7.3.4.1. Economic viability factors
    • 7.3.4.2. Effect of feedstock prices
    • 7.3.4.3. Scale-up effects on cost
  • 7.3.5. Future outlook
  • 7.3.6. Technology Readiness Level (TRL)
  • 7.3.7. Addressable Market Size
  • 7.3.8. Risks and Opportunities
  • 7.3.9. Major market challenges
  • 7.3.10. Technical challenges
  • 7.3.11. Global revenues
    • 7.3.11.1. By type
    • 7.3.11.2. By application market
    • 7.3.11.3. By regional market
• 7.4. Company profiles (138 company profiles)

8. BIO-AGRITECH

• 8.1. Overview
• 8.2. Technology/materials analysis
  • 8.2.1. Biopesticides
    • 8.2.1.1. Semiochemical
    • 8.2.1.2. Macrobial Biological Control Agents
    • 8.2.1.3. Microbial pesticides
    • 8.2.1.4. Biochemical pesticides
    • 8.2.1.5. Plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs)
  • 8.2.2. Biofertilizers
  • 8.2.3. Biostimulants
    • 8.2.3.1. Microbial biostimulants
      • 8.2.3.1.1. Nitrogen Fixation
      • 8.2.3.1.2. Formulation Challenges
    • 8.2.3.2. Natural Product Biostimulants
    • 8.2.3.3. Manipulating the Microbiome
    • 8.2.3.4. Synthetic Biology
    • 8.2.3.5. Non-microbial biostimulants
  • 8.2.4. Agricultural Enzymes
    • 8.2.4.1. Types of Agricultural Enzymes
• 8.3. Market analysis
  • 8.3.1. Key players and competitive landscape
  • 8.3.2. Market Growth Drivers and Trends
  • 8.3.3. Regulations
  • 8.3.4. Value chain
  • 8.3.5. Future outlook
  • 8.3.6. Addressable Market Size
  • 8.3.7. Risks and Opportunities
  • 8.3.8. Global revenues
    • 8.3.8.1. By application market
    • 8.3.8.2. By regional market
• 8.4. Company profiles (105 company profiles)

9. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

10. REFERENCES

List of Tables

• Table 1. Biomanufacturing revolutions and representative products
• Table 2. Industrial Biomanufacturing categories
• Table 3. Overview of Biomanufacturing Processes
• Table 4. Continuous vs batch biomanufacturing
• Table 5. Key Components of Industrial Biomanufacturing
• Table 6. Colours of biotechnology
• Table 7. AI and Robotics Applications in Biomanufacturing
• Table 8. Advanced Technologies in Biomanufacturing Applications
• Table 9. Types of Cell Culture Systems
• Table 10. Factors Affecting Cell Culture Performance
• Table 11. Types of Fermentation Processes
• Table 12. Factors Affecting Fermentation Performance
• Table 13. Advances in Fermentation Technology
• Table 14. Continuous vs Batch Biomanufacturing Comparison
• Table 15. Types of Purification Methods in Downstream Processing
• Table 16. Factors Affecting Purification Performance
• Table 17. Advances in Purification Technology
• Table 18. Downstream Processing Technology Improvements
• Table 19. TFF Applications in Downstream Processing
• Table 20. Common formulation methods used in biomanufacturing
• Table 21. Factors Affecting Formulation Performance
• Table 22. Advances in Formulation Technology
• Table 23. Factors Affecting Scale-up Performance in Biomanufacturing
• Table 24. Scale-up Strategies in Biomanufacturing
• Table 25. Factors Affecting Optimization Performance in Biomanufacturing
• Table 26. Optimization Strategies in Biomanufacturing
• Table 27. Machine Learning Applications in Biomanufacturing
• Table 28. High-Cell-Density Fermentation Parameters and Targets
• Table 29. Hybrid Biotechnological-Chemical Process Applications
• Table 30. Types of Quality Control Tests in Biomanufacturing
• Table 31.Factors Affecting Quality Control Performance in Biomanufacturing
• Table 32. Types of Characterization Methods in Biomanufacturing
• Table 33. Factors Affecting Characterization Performance in Biomanufacturing
• Table 34. DNA Synthesis Technologies and Capabilities
• Table 35. CRISPR-Cas9 Applications in Biomanufacturing
• Table 36. Protein Engineering Strategies and Applications
• Table 37. Computer-Aided Design Tools in Biotechnology
• Table 38. Strain Engineering Strategies and Targets
• Table 39. Automation Applications in Biotechnology
• Table 40. AI/ML Applications in Biomanufacturing Systems
• Table 41. C1 Feedstock Utilization Pathways and Characteristics
• Table 42. C2 Feedstock Processing and Applications
• Table 43. Lignocellulosic Biomass Processing Technologies
• Table 44. Blue Biotechnology Feedstock Characteristics and Applications
• Table 45. Carbon Capture and Utilization Pathways in Biotechnology
• Table 46. Key fermentation parameters in batch vs continuous biomanufacturing processes
• Table 47. Key fermentation parameter comparison
• Table 48. Major microbial cell factories used in industrial biomanufacturing
• Table 49. Organism Categories and Production Capabilities
• Table 50. E. coli Characteristics for Biomanufacturing Applications
• Table 51. C. glutamicum Production Capabilities and Characteristics
• Table 52. B. subtilis Production Systems and Applications
• Table 53. S. cerevisiae Capabilities and Industrial Applications
• Table 54. Y. lipolytica Production Capabilities and Process Parameters
• Table 55. Non-Model Organisms and Specialized Applications
• Table 56. Perfusion Bioreactor Technologies and Performance
• Table 57. Enzyme Immobilization Methods and Characteristics
• Table 58. Immobilized Catalyst Systems and Applications
• Table 59. Comparison of Modes of Operation
• Table 60. Host organisms commonly used in biomanufacturing
• Table 61. Types of biopharmaceuticals
• Table 62. Types of Monoclonal Antibodies
• Table 63. Types of Recombinant Proteins
• Table 64. Types of biopharma vaccines
• Table 65. Types of Cell and Gene Therapies
• Table 66. Types of Blood Factors
• Table 67. Types of Tissue Engineering Products
• Table 68. Types of Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
• Table 69. Types of Peptide Therapeutics
• Table 70. Types of Biosimilars and Biobetters
• Table 71. Types of Nanobodies and Antibody Fragments
• Table 72. Types of Synthetic Biology Applications in Biopharmaceuticals
• Table 73. Engineered proteins in industrial applications
• Table 74. Cell-free versus cell-based systems
• Table 75. White biotechnology fermentation processes
• Table 76. Key players in biopharmaceuticals
• Table 77. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Biopharmaceuticals
• Table 78. Biopharmaceuticals Regulations
• Table 79. Value chain: Biopharmaceuticals
• Table 80. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): Biopharmaceuticals
• Table 81. Addressable market size for biopharmaceuticals
• Table 82. Risks and Opportunities in biopharmaceuticals
• Table 83. Global revenues for biopharmaceuticals, by applications market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 84. Global revenues for biopharmaceuticals, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 85. Types of industrial enzymes
• Table 86. Types of Detergent Enzymes
• Table 87.Types of Food Processing Enzymes
• Table 88. Types of Textile Processing Enzymes
• Table 89. Types of Paper and Pulp Processing Enzymes
• Table 90. Types of Leather Processing Enzymes
• Table 91. Types of Biofuel Production Enzymes
• Table 92. Lignocellulosic Enzyme Systems and Performance
• Table 93. Cellulase Component Functions and Characteristics
• Table 94. Hemicellulase Systems and Substrate Specificity
• Table 95. Thermostable Enzyme Sources and Characteristics
• Table 96. Thermostable Enzyme Economic Analysis Framework
• Table 97. Types of Animal Feed Enzymes
• Table 98. Types of Pharmaceutical and Diagnostic Enzymes
• Table 99. Types of Waste Management and Bioremediation Enzymes
• Table 100. Enzymes for Plastics Recycling Applications
• Table 101. Challenges in Enzymatic Depolymerization
• Table 102. Types of Agriculture and Crop Improvement Enzymes
• Table 103. Comparison of enzyme types
• Table 104. Enzymes for Decarbonization and CO2 Utilization
• Table 105. Carbonic Anhydrase Applications in CO2 Capture
• Table 106. Formate Dehydrogenase Systems for CO2 Conversion
• Table 107. Enzymatic CO2 Capture and Conversion Technologies
• Table 108. Key players in industrial enzymes
• Table 109. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in industrial enzymes
• Table 110. Technology Challenges and Opportunities for Industrial Enzymes
• Table 111. Industrial enzymes Regulations
• Table 112. Value chain: Industrial enzymes
• Table 113. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): Biocatalysts
• Table 114. Addressable market size for industrial enzymes
• Table 115. Risks and Opportunities in industrial enzymes
• Table 116. Global revenues for industrial enzymes, by applications market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 117. Global revenues for industrial enzymes, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 118. Types of biofuel, by generation
• Table 119. Comparison of biofuels
• Table 120. Classification of biomass feedstock
• Table 121. Biorefinery feedstocks
• Table 122. Feedstock conversion pathways
• Table 123. First-Generation Feedstocks
• Table 124. Lignocellulosic ethanol plants and capacities
• Table 125. Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins
• Table 126. Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes
• Table 127. Operating and planned lignocellulosic biorefineries and industrial flue gas-to-ethanol
• Table 128. Properties of microalgae and macroalgae
• Table 129. Yield of algae and other biodiesel crops
• Table 130. Advantages and disadvantages of biofuels, by generation
• Table 131. Biodiesel by generation
• Table 132. Biodiesel production techniques
• Table 133. Summary of pyrolysis technique under different operating conditions
• Table 134. Biomass materials and their bio-oil yield
• Table 135. Biofuel production cost from the biomass pyrolysis process
• Table 136. Properties of vegetable oils in comparison to diesel
• Table 137. Main producers of HVO and capacities
• Table 138. Example commercial Development of BtL processes
• Table 139. Pilot or demo projects for biomass to liquid (BtL) processes
• Table 140. Global biodiesel consumption, 2010-2036 (M litres/year)
• Table 141. Biogas feedstocks
• Table 142. Existing and planned bio-LNG production plants
• Table 143. Methods for capturing carbon dioxide from biogas
• Table 144. Comparison of different Bio-H2 production pathways
• Table 145. Markets and applications for biohydrogen
• Table 146. Comparison of biogas, biomethane and natural gas
• Table 147. Summary of applications of biochar in energy
• Table 148. Typical composition and physicochemical properties reported for bio-oils and heavy petroleum-derived oils
• Table 149. Properties and characteristics of pyrolysis liquids derived from biomass versus a fuel oil
• Table 150. Main techniques used to upgrade bio-oil into higher-quality fuels
• Table 151. Markets and applications for bio-oil
• Table 152. Bio-oil producers
• Table 153. Global renewable diesel consumption, 2010-2036 (M litres/year)
• Table 154. Renewable diesel price ranges
• Table 155. Advantages and disadvantages of Bio-aviation fuel
• Table 156. Production pathways for Bio-aviation fuel
• Table 157. Current and announced Bio-aviation fuel facilities and capacities
• Table 158. Global bio-jet fuel consumption 2019-2036 (Million litres/year)
• Table 159. Algae-derived biofuel producers
• Table 160. Key players in biofuels
• Table 161. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in biofuels
• Table 162. Biofuels Regulations
• Table 163. Value chain: Biofuels
• Table 164. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): Biofuels
• Table 165. Addressable market size for biofuels
• Table 166. Risks and Opportunities in biofuels
• Table 167. Global revenues for biofuels, by type (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 168. Global Revenues for Biofuels, by Applications Market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 169. Global revenues for biofuels, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 170. Granbio Nanocellulose Processes
• Table 171. Types of bioplastics:
• Table 172. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications
• Table 173.Types of PHAs and properties
• Table 174. Commercially available PHAs
• Table 175. Markets and applications for PHAs
• Table 176. Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications
• Table 177. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) market analysis- manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications
• Table 178. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) producers and production capacities,
• Table 179. Key players in Bioplastics
• Table 180. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Bioplastics
• Table 181. Bioplastics Regulations
• Table 182. Value chain: Bioplastics
• Table 183. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): Bioplastics
• Table 184. Addressable market size for Bioplastics
• Table 185. Risks and Opportunities in Bioplastics
• Table 186. Global revenues for bioplastics, by type (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 187. Global revenues for bioplastics, by applications market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 188. Global revenues for bioplastics, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 189. Lactips plastic pellets
• Table 190. Oji Holdings CNF products
• Table 191. Types of biochemicals
• Table 192. Plant-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced
• Table 193. Waste-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced
• Table 194. Microbial and mineral-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced
• Table 195. Biobased feedstock sources for Succinic acid
• Table 196. Applications of succinic acid
• Table 197. Biobased feedstock sources for itaconic acid
• Table 198. Applications of bio-based itaconic acid
• Table 199. Feedstock Sources for Citric Acid Production
• Table 200. Applications of Citric Acid
• Table 201. Feedstock Sources for Acetic Acid Production
• Table 202. Applications of Acetic Acid
• Table 203. Feedstock Sources for Acetic Acid Production
• Table 204. Applications of Acetic Acid
• Table 205. Common lysine sources that can be used as feedstocks for producing biochemicals
• Table 206. Applications of lysine as a feedstock for biochemicals
• Table 207. Feedstock Sources for Threonine Production
• Table 208. Applications of Threonine
• Table 209.Feedstock Sources for Methionine Production
• Table 210. Applications of Methionine
• Table 211. Vitamins Produced Using Biotechnology
• Table 212. Biobased feedstock sources for ethanol
• Table 213. Applications of bio-based ethanol
• Table 214. Feedstock Sources for Butanol Production
• Table 215. Applications of Butanol
• Table 216. Biobased feedstock sources for isobutanol
• Table 217. Applications of bio-based isobutanol
• Table 218. Applications of bio-based 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO)
• Table 219. Types of Biosurfactants
• Table 220. Feedstock Sources for Biosurfactant Production
• Table 221. Applications of Biosurfactants
• Table 222. Rhamnolipid Production and Application Characteristics
• Table 223. Sophorolipid Types and Application Properties
• Table 224. Mannosylerythritol Lipid Variants and Properties
• Table 225. Cellobiose Lipid Development and Applications
• Table 226. Designer Biosurfactant Engineering Strategies
• Table 227.Feedstock Sources for APG Production
• Table 228. Applications of Alkyl Polyglucosides (APGs)
• Table 229. Feedstock Sources for Ethyl Lactate Production
• Table 230. Applications of Ethyl Lactate
• Table 231. Feedstock Sources for Dimethyl Carbonate Production
• Table 232. Applications of Dimethyl Carbonate
• Table 233. Markets and applications for bio-based glycerol
• Table 234. Bio-manufactured Fragrances and Aromatics
• Table 235. Biotech-derived Fragrance Precursors
• Table 236. Bio-manufactured Enhancers
• Table 237.Feedstock Sources for Succinic Acid Production
• Table 238. Applications of Succinic Acid
• Table 239. Applications of bio-based 1,4-Butanediol (BDO)
• Table 240. Feedstock Sources for Isoprene Production
• Table 241. Applications of Isoprene
• Table 242. Applications of bio-based ethylene
• Table 243. Applications of bio-based propylene
• Table 244. Applications of bio-based adipic acid
• Table 245. Applications of bio-based acrylic acid
• Table 246. Bio-PBS market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications
• Table 247. Leading PBS producers and production capacities
• Table 248. Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications
• Table 249. FDCA and PEF producers
• Table 250. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications
• Table 251. Production capacities of Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), by leading producers
• Table 252. Types of Wood-Plastic Composites (WPCs)
• Table 253. Types of Biofiber-Reinforced Plastics
• Table 254. Types of Polymer Blends with Bio-based Components
• Table 255. Hyaluronic Acid Production Parameters and Applications
• Table 256. Squalene/Squalane Production Methods and Characteristics
• Table 257. Collagen Production Systems and Applications
• Table 258. Bio-based UV Filter Compounds and Characteristics
• Table 259. Melanin Production and Application Parameters
• Table 260. Bio-manufactured Emollient Categories and Properties
• Table 261. Mineral source products and applications
• Table 262. Cement Alternatives from Biomanufacturing
• Table 263. Precision Fermentation Products
• Table 264. Key players in Biochemicals
• Table 265. Bio-manufactured Beauty Ingredient Production Capacities
• Table 266. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Biochemicals
• Table 267. Trends and Drivers in Biotechnology
• Table 268. Government Support of Biotechnology
• Table 269. Biochemicals Regulations
• Table 270. Value chain: Biochemicals
• Table 271. Economic Viability Assessment Framework
• Table 272. Feedstock Price Impact Analysis for Biotechnology Production
• Table 273. Scale-up Cost Impact Analysis
• Table 274. Addressable market size for Biochemicals
• Table 275. Risks and Opportunities in Biochemicals
• Table 276. Market Challenge Assessment and Mitigation Strategies
• Table 277. Technical Challenge Assessment and Solutions
• Table 278. Global revenues for biochemicals, by type (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 279. Global revenues for biochemicals, by applications market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 280. Global revenues for biochemicals, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 281. Bio-agritech categories
• Table 282. Biopesticides: Pros and Cons
• Table 283. Semiochemicals: Advantages and Disadvantages
• Table 284.Biological Pest Control: Advantages and Disadvantages
• Table 285. Global regulations on biopesticides
• Table 286. Main types of microbial pesticides
• Table 287. Main types of biochemical pesticides
• Table 288. Main types of biofertilizers
• Table 289. Types of Microbial Biostimulants
• Table 290. Main types of non-microbial biostimulants
• Table 291. Types of Agricultural Enzymes
• Table 292. Key players in Bio Agritech
• Table 293. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Bio Agritech
• Table 294. Bio Agritech Regulations
• Table 295. Value chain: Bio Agritech
• Table 296. Addressable market size for Bio Agritech
• Table 297. Risks and Opportunities in Bio Agritech
• Table 298. Global revenues for Bio Agritech products, by applications market (2020-2036), billions USD
• Table 299. Global revenues for Bio Agritech products, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD

List of Figures

• Figure 1. CRISPR/Cas9 & Targeted Genome Editing
• Figure 2. Genetic Circuit-Assisted Smart Microbial Engineering
• Figure 3. Cell-free and cell-based protein synthesis systems
• Figure 4. Microbial Chassis Development for Natural Product Biosynthesis
• Figure 5. The design-make-test-learn loop of generative biology
• Figure 6. XtalPi's automated and robot-run workstations
• Figure 7. Light Bio Bioluminescent plants
• Figure 8. Corbion FDCA production process
• Figure 9. Schematic of a biorefinery for production of carriers and chemicals
• Figure 10. Hydrolytic lignin powder
• Figure 11. SWOT analysis for biodiesel
• Figure 12. Flow chart for biodiesel production
• Figure 13. Biodiesel (B20) average prices, current and historical, USD/litre
• Figure 14. Biogas and biomethane pathways
• Figure 15. Overview of biogas utilization
• Figure 16. Biogas and biomethane pathways
• Figure 17. Schematic overview of anaerobic digestion process for biomethane production
• Figure 18. Schematic overview of biomass gasification for biomethane production
• Figure 19. SWOT analysis for biogas
• Figure 20. Total syngas market by product in MM Nm3/h of Syngas, 2024
• Figure 21. Properties of petrol and biobutanol
• Figure 22. Biobutanol production route
• Figure 23. SWOT analysis for biohydrogen
• Figure 24. SWOT analysis biomethanol
• Figure 25. Renewable Methanol Production Processes from Different Feedstocks
• Figure 26. Production of biomethane through anaerobic digestion and upgrading
• Figure 27. Production of biomethane through biomass gasification and methanation
• Figure 28. Production of biomethane through the Power to methane process
• Figure 29. Bio-oil upgrading/fractionation techniques
• Figure 30. SWOT analysis for bio-oils
• Figure 31. SWOT analysis for renewable iesel
• Figure 32. SWOT analysis for Bio-aviation fuel
• Figure 33. Global bio-jet fuel consumption to 2019-2036 (Million litres/year)
• Figure 34. Pathways for algal biomass conversion to biofuels
• Figure 35. SWOT analysis for algae-derived biofuels
• Figure 36. Algal biomass conversion process for biofuel production
• Figure 37. ANDRITZ Lignin Recovery process
• Figure 38. ChemCyclingTM prototypes
• Figure 39. ChemCycling circle by BASF
• Figure 40. FBPO process
• Figure 41. Direct Air Capture Process
• Figure 42. CRI process
• Figure 43. Cassandra Oil process
• Figure 44. Colyser process
• Figure 45. ECFORM electrolysis reactor schematic
• Figure 46. Dioxycle modular electrolyzer
• Figure 47. Domsjo process
• Figure 48. FuelPositive system
• Figure 49. INERATEC unit
• Figure 50. Infinitree swing method
• Figure 51. Audi/Krajete unit
• Figure 52. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process
• Figure 53: Plantrose process
• Figure 54. Sunfire process for Blue Crude production
• Figure 55. Takavator
• Figure 56. O12 Reactor
• Figure 57. Sunglasses with lenses made from CO2-derived materials
• Figure 58. CO2 made car part
• Figure 59. The Velocys process
• Figure 60. Goldilocks process and applications
• Figure 61. The Proesa-R Process
• Figure 62. PHA family
• Figure 63. Pluumo
• Figure 64. ANDRITZ Lignin Recovery process
• Figure 65. Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel
• Figure 66. MEDICELLU(TM)
• Figure 67. Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet
• Figure 68. Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric
• Figure 69. CNF nonwoven fabric
• Figure 70. Roof frame made of natural fiber
• Figure 71. Beyond Leather Materials product
• Figure 72. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA
• Figure 73. Reusable and recyclable foodservice cups, lids, and straws from Joinease Hong Kong Ltd., made with plant-based NuPlastiQ BioPolymer from BioLogiQ, Inc
• Figure 74. Fiber-based screw cap
• Figure 75: Celluforce production process
• Figure 76: NCCTM Process
• Figure 77: CNC produced at Tech Futures' pilot plant; cloudy suspension (1 wt.%), gel-like (10 wt.%), flake-like crystals, and very fine powder. Product advantages include:
• Figure 78. formicobio(TM) technology
• Figure 79. nanoforest-S
• Figure 80. nanoforest-PDP
• Figure 81. nanoforest-MB
• Figure 82. sunliquid-R production process
• Figure 83. CuanSave film
• Figure 84. Celish
• Figure 85. Trunk lid incorporating CNF
• Figure 86. ELLEX products
• Figure 87. CNF-reinforced PP compounds
• Figure 88. Kirekira! toilet wipes
• Figure 89. Color CNF
• Figure 90. Rheocrysta spray
• Figure 91. DKS CNF products
• Figure 92. Domsjo process
• Figure 93. Mushroom leather
• Figure 94. CNF based on citrus peel
• Figure 95. Citrus cellulose nanofiber
• Figure 96. Filler Bank CNC products
• Figure 97. Fibers on kapok tree and after processing
• Figure 98. TMP-Bio Process
• Figure 99. Flow chart of the lignocellulose biorefinery pilot plant in Leuna
• Figure 100. Water-repellent cellulose
• Figure 101. Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE)
• Figure 102. PHA production process
• Figure 103. CNF products from Furukawa Electric
• Figure 104. AVAPTM process
• Figure 105. GreenPower+(TM) process
• Figure 106. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials
• Figure 107. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer)
• Figure 108. CNF gel
• Figure 109. Block nanocellulose material
• Figure 110. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu
• Figure 111. Marine leather products
• Figure 112. Inner Mettle Milk products
• Figure 113. Kami Shoji CNF products
• Figure 114. Dual Graft System
• Figure 115. Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins
• Figure 116. Acrylic resin blended with modified CNF (fluid) and its molded product (transparent film), and image obtained with AFM (CNF 10wt% blended)
• Figure 117. Kel Labs yarn
• Figure 118. 0.3% aqueous dispersion of sulfated esterified CNF and dried transparent film (front side)
• Figure 119. Lignin gel
• Figure 120. BioFlex process
• Figure 121. Nike Algae Ink graphic tee
• Figure 122. LX Process
• Figure 123. Made of Air's HexChar panels
• Figure 124. TransLeather
• Figure 125. Chitin nanofiber product
• Figure 126. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products
• Figure 127. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder
• Figure 128. METNIN(TM) Lignin refining technology
• Figure 129. IPA synthesis method
• Figure 130. MOGU-Wave panels
• Figure 131. CNF slurries
• Figure 132. Range of CNF products
• Figure 133. Reishi
• Figure 134. Compostable water pod
• Figure 135. Leather made from leaves
• Figure 136. Nike shoe with beLEAF(TM)
• Figure 137. CNF clear sheets
• Figure 138. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product
• Figure 139. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process
• Figure 140. Precision Photosynthesis(TM) technology
• Figure 141. Fabric consisting of 70 per cent wool and 30 per cent Qmilk
• Figure 142. XCNF
• Figure 143: Plantrose process
• Figure 144. LOVR hemp leather
• Figure 145. CNF insulation flat plates
• Figure 146. Hansa lignin
• Figure 147. Manufacturing process for STARCEL
• Figure 148. Manufacturing process for STARCEL
• Figure 149. 3D printed cellulose shoe
• Figure 150. Lyocell process
• Figure 151. North Face Spiber Moon Parka
• Figure 152. PANGAIA LAB NXT GEN Hoodie
• Figure 153. Spider silk production
• Figure 154. Stora Enso lignin battery materials
• Figure 155. 2 wt.% CNF suspension
• Figure 156. BiNFi-s Dry Powder
• Figure 157. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet
• Figure 158. Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material
• Figure 159. Sulapac cosmetics containers
• Figure 160. Sulzer equipment for PLA polymerization processing
• Figure 161. Solid Novolac Type lignin modified phenolic resins
• Figure 162. Teijin bioplastic film for door handles
• Figure 163. Corbion FDCA production process
• Figure 164. Comparison of weight reduction effect using CNF
• Figure 165. CNF resin products
• Figure 166. UPM biorefinery process
• Figure 167. Vegea production process
• Figure 168. The Proesa-R Process
• Figure 169. Goldilocks process and applications
• Figure 170. Visolis' Hybrid Bio-Thermocatalytic Process
• Figure 171. HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test
• Figure 172. Worn Again products
• Figure 173. Zelfo Technology GmbH CNF production process
• Figure 174. Schematic of biorefinery processes
• Figure 175. Production capacities of Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) to 2025
• Figure 176. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): Biochemicals
• Figure 177. formicobio(TM) technology
• Figure 178. Domsjo process
• Figure 179. TMP-Bio Process
• Figure 180. Lignin gel
• Figure 181. BioFlex process
• Figure 182. LX Process
• Figure 183. METNIN(TM) Lignin refining technology
• Figure 184. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process
• Figure 185. Precision Photosynthesis(TM) technology
• Figure 186. Fabric consisting of 70 per cent wool and 30 per cent Qmilk
• Figure 187. UPM biorefinery process
• Figure 188. The Proesa-R Process
• Figure 189. Goldilocks process and applications