Beeswax Market Insights, Competitive Landscape, and Market Forecast - 2033

PUBLISHED: January 14, 2026

PAGES: 200 Pages

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Description

The global beeswax market is witnessing significant growth, driven by increasing consumer demand for natural, sustainable, and eco-friendly products. Beeswax, a natural secretion produced by honeybees, has long been valued for its versatility and unique properties. It is widely used across cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food, candles, and industrial applications. The market is expected to expand from an estimated USD 716.3 million in 2026 to USD 1,035.09 million by 2033, registering a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.40% during the forecast period. Growing consumer preference for organic ingredients and sustainable alternatives is creating immense opportunities for manufacturers and suppliers worldwide.

Market Insights

Beeswax serves a diverse set of industries. In the cosmetics and personal care sector, it is a key ingredient in lip balms, moisturizers, hair care products, and lotions due to its moisturizing, emollient, and protective properties. In pharmaceuticals, beeswax acts as a base in ointments, suppositories, and capsules. Its natural preservative qualities also make it a sought-after ingredient in the food and beverage industry, particularly in coatings for fruits, confectionery, and chocolates. Additionally, the candle industry increasingly prefers beeswax for its clean-burning, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly characteristics. Industrial applications, including lubrication, polishing, coatings, and adhesives, further contribute to the market's growth, highlighting beeswax's multifaceted utility.

Drivers of Market Growth

The surge in demand for natural and organic products is a primary driver for the beeswax market. Consumers are increasingly rejecting synthetic alternatives in favor of environmentally sustainable options. Growth in the cosmetics and personal care industry, particularly in emerging economies, is creating additional demand for natural wax-based products. The pharmaceutical and food sectors are also adopting beeswax due to its functional benefits, including biodegradability and safety. Moreover, stringent regulations and government initiatives promoting organic and natural products in regions such as North America and Europe provide strong support for market expansion.

Business Opportunity

The global shift toward sustainability presents numerous opportunities for market participants. Companies can innovate by developing premium organic beeswax variants for personal care, skincare, and hair care products. The growing demand for beeswax candles, specialty food coatings, and natural pharmaceutical formulations offers attractive niche opportunities. Businesses that establish partnerships with local beekeepers or raw material suppliers can secure consistent access to high-quality beeswax, strengthening their market position. Additionally, exporters can tap into regions with increasing demand for natural and eco-friendly ingredients, capitalizing on the global trend toward clean-label and sustainable products.

Regional Analysis

North America accounts for a significant portion of the beeswax market due to high consumer awareness, strong demand for natural and organic products, and supportive regulatory frameworks. The United States, in particular, is a key market, driven by the growth of the personal care, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical sectors. Europe also represents a prominent market, with countries such as Germany, France, and the United Kingdom leading the adoption of sustainable products and eco-friendly packaging. The Asia Pacific region is experiencing rapid market growth, supported by the expanding food and cosmetics industries and rising consumer interest in natural ingredients. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are emerging markets, presenting substantial growth potential due to increasing urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and awareness of natural and sustainable products.

Competitive Landscape

The global beeswax market is characterized by established multinational players as well as niche manufacturers focusing on quality, innovation, and sustainability. Leading market participants include:

Cargill, Incorporated
Strahl & Pitsch, Inc.
Vitasonic Inc.
H. Butler & Co., Ltd.
Manuka Health New Zealand Ltd.
Apis Global Products Inc.
Bee Raw Inc.
Betterbee LLC
K&K Cooperatives
G.S. Dunn Ltd.
Sunbeam Beeswax Products
Zambrowski Honey Co.
Bee Maid Honey Ltd.
Muth Family Bees
Bee Natural Beeswax Products

These companies prioritize product differentiation, sustainability, and organic certification to build consumer trust and gain competitive advantage. Strategic partnerships, mergers, acquisitions, and research & development initiatives are key strategies adopted by leading players to enhance their market presence and expand product portfolios.

Market Segmentation

The global beeswax market can be categorized into the following segments:

By Type

Yellow Beeswax
White Beeswax
Refined Beeswax
Organic Beeswax

By Form

Solid
Liquid

By Application

Cosmetics & Personal Care
Pharmaceuticals
Food & Beverages
Candles
Industrial Applications

By End User

Industrial
Commercial
Household

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales
Distributors & Wholesalers
Online Retail

By Region

North America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Middle East and Africa

1. Executive Summary

1.1. Global Beeswax Market Snapshot
1.2. Future Projections
1.3. Key Market Trends
1.4. Regional Snapshot, by Value, 2026
1.5. Analyst Recommendations

2. Market Overview

2.1. Market Definitions and Segmentations
2.2. Market Dynamics
- 2.2.1. Drivers
- 2.2.2. Restraints
- 2.2.3. Market Opportunities
2.3. Value Chain Analysis
2.4. COVID-19 Impact Analysis
2.5. Porter's Fiver Forces Analysis
2.6. Impact of Russia-Ukraine Conflict
2.7. PESTLE Analysis
2.8. Regulatory Analysis
2.9. Price Trend Analysis
- 2.9.1. Current Prices and Future Projections, 2025-2033
- 2.9.2. Price Impact Factors

3. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, 2020 - 2033

3.1. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 3.1.1. Yellow Beeswax
- 3.1.2. White Beeswax
- 3.1.3. Refined Beeswax
- 3.1.4. Organic Beeswax
3.2. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 3.2.1. Solid
- 3.2.2. Liquid
3.3. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 3.3.1. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 3.3.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 3.3.3. Food & Beverages
- 3.3.4. Candles
- 3.3.5. Industrial Applications
3.4. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 3.4.1. Industrial
- 3.4.2. Commercial
- 3.4.3. Household
3.5. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 3.5.1. Direct Sales
- 3.5.2. Distributors & Wholesalers
- 3.5.3. Online Retail
3.6. Global Beeswax Market Outlook, by Region, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 3.6.1. North America
- 3.6.2. Europe
- 3.6.3. Asia Pacific
- 3.6.4. Latin America
- 3.6.5. Middle East & Africa

4. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, 2020 - 2033

4.1. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 4.1.1. Yellow Beeswax
- 4.1.2. White Beeswax
- 4.1.3. Refined Beeswax
- 4.1.4. Organic Beeswax
4.2. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 4.2.1. Solid
- 4.2.2. Liquid
4.3. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 4.3.1. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 4.3.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 4.3.3. Food & Beverages
- 4.3.4. Candles
- 4.3.5. Industrial Applications
4.4. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 4.4.1. Industrial
- 4.4.2. Commercial
- 4.4.3. Household
4.5. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 4.5.1. Direct Sales
- 4.5.2. Distributors & Wholesalers
- 4.5.3. Online Retail
4.6. North America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 4.6.1. U.S. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 4.6.2. U.S. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 4.6.3. U.S. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 4.6.4. U.S. Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 4.6.5. U.S. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 4.6.6. Canada Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 4.6.7. Canada Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 4.6.8. Canada Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 4.6.9. Canada Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 4.6.10. Canada Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
4.7. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

5. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, 2020 - 2033

5.1. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 5.1.1. Yellow Beeswax
- 5.1.2. White Beeswax
- 5.1.3. Refined Beeswax
- 5.1.4. Organic Beeswax
5.2. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 5.2.1. Solid
- 5.2.2. Liquid
5.3. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 5.3.1. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 5.3.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 5.3.3. Food & Beverages
- 5.3.4. Candles
- 5.3.5. Industrial Applications
5.4. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 5.4.1. Industrial
- 5.4.2. Commercial
- 5.4.3. Household
5.5. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 5.5.1. Direct Sales
- 5.5.2. Distributors & Wholesalers
- 5.5.3. Online Retail
5.6. Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 5.6.1. Germany Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.2. Germany Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.3. Germany Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.4. Germany Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.5. Germany Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 5.6.6. Italy Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.7. Italy Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.8. Italy Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.9. Italy Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.10. Italy Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 5.6.11. France Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.12. France Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.13. France Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.14. France Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.15. France Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 5.6.16. U.K. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.17. U.K. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.18. U.K. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.19. U.K. Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.20. U.K. Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 5.6.21. Spain Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.22. Spain Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.23. Spain Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.24. Spain Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.25. Spain Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 5.6.26. Russia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.27. Russia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.28. Russia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.29. Russia Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.30. Russia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 5.6.31. Rest of Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 5.6.32. Rest of Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 5.6.33. Rest of Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 5.6.34. Rest of Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 5.6.35. Rest of Europe Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
5.7. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

6. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, 2020 - 2033

6.1. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 6.1.1. Yellow Beeswax
- 6.1.2. White Beeswax
- 6.1.3. Refined Beeswax
- 6.1.4. Organic Beeswax
6.2. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 6.2.1. Solid
- 6.2.2. Liquid
6.3. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 6.3.1. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 6.3.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 6.3.3. Food & Beverages
- 6.3.4. Candles
- 6.3.5. Industrial Applications
6.4. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 6.4.1. Industrial
- 6.4.2. Commercial
- 6.4.3. Household
6.5. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 6.5.1. Direct Sales
- 6.5.2. Distributors & Wholesalers
- 6.5.3. Online Retail
6.6. Asia Pacific Beeswax Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 6.6.1. China Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 6.6.2. China Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 6.6.3. China Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 6.6.4. China Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 6.6.5. China Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 6.6.6. Japan Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 6.6.7. Japan Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 6.6.8. Japan Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 6.6.9. Japan Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 6.6.10. Japan Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 6.6.11. South Korea Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 6.6.12. South Korea Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 6.6.13. South Korea Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 6.6.14. South Korea Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 6.6.15. South Korea Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 6.6.16. India Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 6.6.17. India Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 6.6.18. India Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 6.6.19. India Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 6.6.20. India Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 6.6.21. Southeast Asia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 6.6.22. Southeast Asia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 6.6.23. Southeast Asia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 6.6.24. Southeast Asia Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 6.6.25. Southeast Asia Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 6.6.26. Rest of SAO Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 6.6.27. Rest of SAO Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 6.6.28. Rest of SAO Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 6.6.29. Rest of SAO Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 6.6.30. Rest of SAO Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
6.7. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

7. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, 2020 - 2033

7.1. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 7.1.1. Yellow Beeswax
- 7.1.2. White Beeswax
- 7.1.3. Refined Beeswax
- 7.1.4. Organic Beeswax
7.2. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 7.2.1. Solid
- 7.2.2. Liquid
7.3. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 7.3.1. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 7.3.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 7.3.3. Food & Beverages
- 7.3.4. Candles
- 7.3.5. Industrial Applications
7.4. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 7.4.1. Industrial
- 7.4.2. Commercial
- 7.4.3. Household
7.5. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 7.5.1. Direct Sales
- 7.5.2. Distributors & Wholesalers
- 7.5.3. Online Retail
7.6. Latin America Beeswax Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 7.6.1. Brazil Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 7.6.2. Brazil Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 7.6.3. Brazil Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 7.6.4. Brazil Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 7.6.5. Brazil Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 7.6.6. Mexico Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 7.6.7. Mexico Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 7.6.8. Mexico Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 7.6.9. Mexico Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 7.6.10. Mexico Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 7.6.11. Argentina Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 7.6.12. Argentina Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 7.6.13. Argentina Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 7.6.14. Argentina Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 7.6.15. Argentina Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 7.6.16. Rest of LATAM Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 7.6.17. Rest of LATAM Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 7.6.18. Rest of LATAM Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 7.6.19. Rest of LATAM Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 7.6.20. Rest of LATAM Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
7.7. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

8. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, 2020 - 2033

8.1. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 8.1.1. Yellow Beeswax
- 8.1.2. White Beeswax
- 8.1.3. Refined Beeswax
- 8.1.4. Organic Beeswax
8.2. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 8.2.1. Solid
- 8.2.2. Liquid
8.3. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 8.3.1. Cosmetics & Personal Care
- 8.3.2. Pharmaceuticals
- 8.3.3. Food & Beverages
- 8.3.4. Candles
- 8.3.5. Industrial Applications
8.4. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 8.4.1. Industrial
- 8.4.2. Commercial
- 8.4.3. Household
8.5. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 8.5.1. Direct Sales
- 8.5.2. Distributors & Wholesalers
- 8.5.3. Online Retail
8.6. Middle East & Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Country, Value (US$ Mn), 2020-2033
- 8.6.1. GCC Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 8.6.2. GCC Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 8.6.3. GCC Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 8.6.4. GCC Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 8.6.5. GCC Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 8.6.6. South Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 8.6.7. South Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 8.6.8. South Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 8.6.9. South Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 8.6.10. South Africa Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 8.6.11. Egypt Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 8.6.12. Egypt Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 8.6.13. Egypt Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 8.6.14. Egypt Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 8.6.15. Egypt Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 8.6.16. Nigeria Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 8.6.17. Nigeria Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 8.6.18. Nigeria Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 8.6.19. Nigeria Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 8.6.20. Nigeria Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
- 8.6.21. Rest of Middle East Beeswax Market Outlook, by Type, 2020-2033
- 8.6.22. Rest of Middle East Beeswax Market Outlook, by Form, 2020-2033
- 8.6.23. Rest of Middle East Beeswax Market Outlook, by Application, 2020-2033
- 8.6.24. Rest of Middle East Beeswax Market Outlook, by End User, 2020-2033
- 8.6.25. Rest of Middle East Beeswax Market Outlook, by Distribution Channel, 2020-2033
8.7. BPS Analysis/Market Attractiveness Analysis

9. Competitive Landscape

9.1. Company Vs Segment Heatmap
9.2. Company Market Share Analysis, 2025
9.3. Competitive Dashboard
9.4. Company Profiles
- 9.4.1. Cargill, Incorporated
  - 9.4.1.1. Company Overview
  - 9.4.1.2. Product Portfolio
  - 9.4.1.3. Financial Overview
  - 9.4.1.4. Business Strategies and Developments
- 9.4.2. Strahl & Pitsch, Inc.
- 9.4.3. Vitasonic Inc.
- 9.4.4. H. Butler & Co., Ltd.
- 9.4.5. Manuka Health New Zealand Ltd.
- 9.4.6. Apis Global Products Inc.
- 9.4.7. Bee Raw Inc.
- 9.4.8. Betterbee LLC
- 9.4.9. K&K Cooperatives
- 9.4.10. G.S. Dunn Ltd.