Vehicle Functional Safety and Safety Of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF) Research Report, 2026

Description

Multiple Mandatory Standards for Intelligent Vehicles in China Upgrade Functional Safety Requirements from Recommended to Mandatory Access Criteria

In 2026, China has intensively issued and promoted a number of mandatory national standards for intelligent vehicles, comprehensively strengthening the requirements for Functional Safety (FuSa) and Safety of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF), and setting a clear safety baseline for intelligent vehicles.

For example, in September 2025, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the draft for comments on Safety Requirements for Combined Driving Assistance Systems of Intelligent Connected Vehicles, China's first mandatory national standard for L2 driving assistance systems. It specifies that the functional safety and SOTIF requirements for combined driving assistance systems shall comply with the applicable requirements of GB/T 34590 (all parts) and GB/T 43267, and elaborates on such requirements through Appendix C and Appendix D. In accordance with the standard, the combined driving assistance regulations have upgraded functional safety requirements from recommended standards to mandatory access criteria for the first time. Mainstream automakers have generally made ISO 26262 functional safety certification a standard configuration in the development of L2, L2+ and higher-level products to meet current regulatory requirements and future compliance expectations.

Functional Safety and SOTIF Design Strategies for L3 Autonomous Driving Systems

In February 2026, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released the draft for comments on Safety Requirements for Autonomous Driving Systems of Intelligent Connected Vehicles, which will replace GB/T 44721-2024 General Technical Requirements for Autonomous Driving Systems of Intelligent Connected Vehicles to become the first mandatory national standard for L3 and L4 autonomous driving systems. The standard specifies the technical requirements, assurance requirements and type approval criteria for autonomous driving systems of intelligent connected vehicles, and describes the corresponding inspection methods for assurance requirements, safety file inspection and confirmation tests, as well as clearly defining the functional safety goals for hazards related to L3/L4 autonomous driving systems.

In December 2025, China's first batch of L3 conditionally intelligent driving models officially obtained access approval. The ARCFOX Alpha S6 (L3 version) and Changan Deepal SL03 launched road tests in designated areas of Beijing and Chongqing respectively, marking the official implementation of L3 conditionally intelligent driving in China's passenger car market.

Relying on the "Tianshu Intelligent" technology system, Changan Automobile has established a seven-fold redundancy architecture covering braking, steering, power supply, communication, perception, control and interaction based on the ASIL D management and development process in terms of the whole-process guarantee for functional safety and SOTIF of L3 autonomous driving models, with the system safety level reaching the highest ASIL D. In terms of perception, a five-fold perception fusion matrix including high-resolution 4D imaging millimeter-wave radar, vision and ultrasonic sensors is adopted. In the actual test on the inner ring expressway of Chongqing, the recognition distance for stationary obstacles reaches 200 meters, an increase of 40% compared with the L2 system. More crucially, when any sensor fails, the system can activate a backup plan within 0.3 seconds, a response speed six times faster than that of human drivers.

In terms of human-machine interaction safety, a driver takeover early warning mechanism is set up: considering the characteristic that drivers are prone to fatigue under congested working conditions, a progressive early warning strategy is adopted, which is gradually upgraded from mild prompts to strong alarms.

In addition to Changan and BAIC, automakers such as Li Auto, BYD, XPeng, Xiaomi and VOYAH are also actively carrying out road tests of L3 conditionally intelligent driving models and promoting the road test process of their L3 models.

In April 2025, for L3 intelligent driving, Dongfeng VOYAH released Tianyuan Intelligent Architecture, the first L3 intelligent architecture, which integrates two core intelligent technology clusters: the Qingyun L3 intelligent safe driving platform and the Kunpeng L3 high-level intelligent safe driving system. In terms of functional safety design, the architecture meets the requirements of ASIL-D, the highest level of automotive functional safety, and realizes a full-link backup design at the hardware level. Key executive components from sensors, communication channels to computing chips and steer-by-wire chassis all adopt a dual backup design to ensure that the vehicle can maintain basic safe driving capability in the event of a single system failure. In terms of systematic active intelligent safety, the Kunpeng L3 intelligent driving achieves a leap from passive safety to active safety through global integrated intelligent reasoning and autonomous learning.

In addition, in terms of human-machine safety design, a three-level progressive early warning mechanism is created: when the system encounters special circumstances and requires manual takeover, the vehicle will issue a three-level progressive early warning through in-vehicle light flashing, voice and seat vibration. If no one takes over for a long time, the vehicle will automatically park safely; in complex traffic environments with many people, the vehicle will remind people outside the vehicle to pay attention to safety through an external speaker and lights.

Functional Safety Design Strategy for Steer-by-Wire (SBW) Systems

China's new mandatory national standard Basic Requirements for Vehicle Steering Systems will be implemented on July 1, 2026, fully replacing the current GB17675-2021 standard. To address new special technologies such as steer-by-wire (SBW) and Electric Power Steering (EPS), the new standard deletes the mandatory requirements for relevant mechanical connections, shifting the focus from mechanical structure to functional safety. For the functional safety of SBW systems, the new standard emphasizes the following:

Mandatorily require the steering electronic control system to comply with international functional safety standards such as GB/T34590 (all parts) (ISO 26262) and reach the corresponding ASIL level (usually a high level such as D).

Strengthen redundancy capability: clearly require the steering system to have redundancy backup capability after failure to ensure the vehicle can enter a safe state.

Refine failure response: for the full power steering system, detail the safety strategies, degradation processes and alarm mechanisms under various failure scenarios such as power source failure, control signal transmission failure and insufficient energy storage.

The core focus of achieving functional safety compliance for SBW systems is to ensure that the system can still maintain controllable steering function or safe parking in the event of any single or even multiple reasonably foreseeable faults through heterogeneous, fully redundant hardware and software design, coupled with millisecond-level fault diagnosis and processing mechanisms, and extremely stringent fault injection and redundancy switch verification under the framework of the mandatory ASIL D level. As one of the hot technologies for the development of future intelligent vehicles, major suppliers and automakers are actively deploying compliant SBW system products.

The steering system in ZF's Intelligent Chassis 2.0 completely cancels the steering column, and realizes the full electrical signal transmission of steering commands through the coordinated operation of the steering wheel actuator, redundant front axle steering actuator and self-developed vehicle motion control software cubiX. In terms of safety, the fully redundant design meets the ASIL D safety standard, and with the space advantage brought by the canceled universal joint intermediate shaft, it can effectively reduce the risk of leg injury in the event of a collision. At the same time, the system contains two sets of heterogeneous software and hardware as redundancy. When one set of the system fails accidentally, the other set automatically connects seamlessly, and the vehicle can still achieve complete steering function.

The intelligent chassis pre-research technology released by Xiaomi Auto features a Xiaomi 48V SBW system with no mechanical connection between the steering wheel and the wheels. The steering ratio can be steplessly adjusted between 5:1 and 15:1, balancing the flexibility of low-speed turning and the stability of high-speed lane changing, and enabling a steering-wheel-free cockpit layout. It uses a "wire" connection to realize human-machine decoupling and natively supports fully autonomous driving, with its design meeting the industry's highest functional safety level standard of ASIL D.

Exploration of AI Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions Empowered by Automotive AI Safety Standards

With the wide application of AI large models and AI Agents in the automotive field and the gradual popularization of functions such as autonomous driving and intelligent cockpits, the safety of automotive AI systems has become a key focus. Problems such as the unexplainability of AI systems, data dependence and potential systematic failures have prompted the urgent need to address the safety of AI systems applied in automobiles.

In January 2025, ISO launched ISO/PAS 8800:2024, a unified safety standard for AI systems, aiming to regulate the application of AI technology in the automotive field, ensure its safety, reliability and compatibility, and jointly promote the development of AI system safety with ISO 26262 automotive functional safety, ISO 21448 and information security.

In 2025, based on in-depth interpretation of standards and engineering practice, HiRain Technologies built a 3-in-1 AI safety solution of "safety process, safety framework and safety platform", providing a full-chain technical support for the safe development of intelligent vehicles. In response to the characteristics of AI electrical architecture such as application-driven, hierarchical decoupling, safety integration and innovative expansion, HiRain Technologies proposed a unified safety framework definition solution, abstracting the software functional safety implementation of AI systems into four key technologies: secure communication, secure isolation, secure monitoring and secure actuation. Through platform-based functional safety middleware and security component technologies, the implementation difficulty is significantly reduced.

In August 2025, to address challenges such as the AI model safety of highly autonomous driving (L3-L5) systems, exida Shanghai, together with Swsvac, proposed an innovative Distributed Weight Twin (DWT) technology solution to solve the problem of AI redundancy development for autonomous driving. The DWT technology can crop a single E2E model into "twin models" operating in coordination, realize safety redundancy through core technologies such as Weight Mirroring Replication (WMR) asymmetric hardware deployment and neural bridging technology, and achieve 40% cost reduction and 99.99%+ fault coverage through DWT.

Product Code: CYH129

1 Definition and Development of Standards & Policies for Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF

1.1 Definition and Development History of Vehicle Functional Safety
Definition of Vehicle Functional Safety
Reasons for the Demand for Vehicle Functional Safety
Main Characteristics of Vehicle Functional Safety
Development History of Vehicle Functional Safety (1)-(2)
Purpose of Vehicle Functional Safety: Reducing Risks to an Acceptable Level
Basic Principles of Vehicle Functional Safety Design
General Workflow of Vehicle Functional Safety
Example of SEooC Software Development Process
Main Cost Components of Vehicle Functional Safety
Classification of Vehicle Functional Safety Software Tools
Design and Verification Methods for Vehicle Functional Safety
Basic Analysis Methods for Vehicle Functional Safety
Basic Definitions Related to Vehicle Functional Safety
1.2 Definition of Vehicle Safety of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF)
Definition of Vehicle SOTIF
Reasons for Proposing Vehicle SOTIF
Scenario Analysis of Vehicle SOTIF
Purpose of Vehicle SOTIF
SOTIF Methodology
System Analysis Methods for Vehicle SOTIF
1.3 Progress of Standards and Policies for Vehicle Functional Safety
Current Global Functional Safety Standards for Road Vehicles
Development Trends of Global Functional Safety Standards for Road Vehicles
Changes in Core Technical Requirements of Global Functional Safety Standards for Road Vehicles
Global Functional Safety Standards for Road Vehicles: (1)-(4)
China's Functional Safety Standards for Road Vehicles: (1)-(6)
Latest China's Functional Safety Standards for Road Vehicles: GB/Z 42285-2022 Method for Determining ASIL Level
1.4 Progress of Regulations and Standards for Vehicle SOTIF
Summary of Current Global/China Regulations on SOTIF for Road Vehicles
Global Development Trends of SOTIF for Road Vehicles
Changes in Core Technical Requirements of Global SOTIF for Road Vehicles
International SOTIF Standards for Road Vehicles (1)-(5)
China's SOTIF Standards for Road Vehicles: List of Relevant Standards
China's SOTIF Standards for Road Vehicles: China's SOTIF Standards
Major China's Vehicle Standards Related to SOTIF
Construction of China's Vehicle Standards Related to SOTIF
1.5 Functional Safety Requirements for Major Automotive Components
Fields Involved in Vehicle Functional Safety
ASIL Requirements for Functional Safety of Major Automotive Component Products
Functional Safety Requirements for the Basic Software Layer of Automotive Domain Controllers
ASIL Levels Corresponding to Different Functional Hardware of Global Autonomous Driving Vehicles
Enterprises in the Automotive Industry Required to Meet ISO 26262 Requirements

2 Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions for Various Vehicle Systems

2.1 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Autonomous Driving Systems
Global Autonomous Driving Classification Functions and Popularization Timeline
Functional Safety and SOTIF Requirements for Different Levels of Autonomous Driving Systems
Relevant Functional Safety Requirements for Autonomous Driving Systems

2.1.1 Functional Safety Design Solutions for L2 Combined Driving Assistance Systems

China's L2 Driving Assistance - Mandatory National Standards: (1)-(3)
Relevant Functional Safety Measures for China's L2 Combined Driving Assistance Systems
Solutions and Functional Safety & SOTIF Design Strategies of Major OEMs for L2 Combined Driving Assistance Systems
Functional Safety Product Certification Status of Major Suppliers of Driving Assistance System-Related Products
Functional Safety Solution for L2 Combined Driving Assistance Systems: (1)-(5)

2.1.2 Functional Safety Design for Vehicle L3 Autonomous Driving Systems

China's L3 Autonomous Driving - Mandatory National Standards: (1)-(5)
Functional Safety Requirements of L3 Autonomous Driving Systems for Actuators
Typical Functional Safety Design of L3 Autonomous Driving Systems: (1)-(3)
Typical Cases of L3 SOTIF Design
China's L3 Autonomous Driving Models Approved for Mass Production and Road Operation
China's L3 Autonomous Driving - Autonomous Driving Plans of Chinese OEMs
Intelligent Driving Solutions and Functional Safety/SOTIF Strategies of China's Passenger Car L3 Conditionally Autonomous Driving Models
Functional Safety Design Solution for L3 Autonomous Driving Systems: (1)-(4)

2.1.3 Functional Safety Design for L4 and Above Autonomous Driving Systems

Development and Evolution Trends of China's L4 Autonomous Driving
China's L4 Autonomous Driving - Mandatory National Standards: Functional Safety Requirements
Typical Functional Safety Design of L4 Autonomous Driving Systems: Fail-Operational Architecture and Backup Systems
Typical Functional Safety Design Architecture of L4 Autonomous Driving Systems: Functional Safety Architecture and Redundancy Design
Typical Functional Safety Design of L4 Autonomous Driving Systems
Solutions and Functional Safety & SOTIF Design Strategies of Major OEMs for L4 Autonomous Driving Systems
Solutions and Functional Safety & SOTIF Design Strategies of Major Suppliers for L4 Autonomous Driving Systems
Functional Safety Design Solution for L4 Autonomous Driving Systems: (1)-(4)

2.1.4 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Intelligent Driving Domain Control Systems

Evolution Trends of Computing Platforms Such as Intelligent Driving Domain Controllers
Functional Safety of On-Board Intelligent Computing Platforms
Discussion on Cross-Domain Functional Safety Requirements of Intelligent Driving Computing Platforms
Functional Safety Design Requirements for Intelligent Driving Controller Systems
Functional Safety Evaluation of Automotive Computing Basic Platforms
Functional Safety Design of High-Level Autonomous Driving Domain Controllers (1)-(6)
Functional Safety Certification Status of Computing Platform Products Such as Intelligent Driving Domain Controllers
Functional Safety & SOTIF Design Solutions of Major Suppliers for Intelligent Driving Domain Control (1)-(2)
Functional Safety & SOTIF Design Solutions of Major OEMs for Intelligent Driving Domain Control (1)-(2)
Functional Safety Design Solution for Intelligent Driving Domain: (1)-(8)
2.2 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Intelligent Chassis Systems
Development and Evolution Trends of Vehicle Chassis Systems
Functional Safety Requirements for Vehicle Intelligent Chassis Systems
Summary of Solutions and Functional Safety Design Strategies of OEMs for Intelligent Chassis Systems (1)-(3)
Functional Safety Product Certification Status of Major Enterprises in Power, Braking, Steering and Chassis Systems
Functional Safety Status of MCU Chips Used in Power and Chassis Domains
Functional Safety Design Solution for Vehicle Intelligent Chassis Systems: (1)-(2)
Functional Safety Design Solution for Vehicle Intelligent Chassis Systems: CATL CIIC Integrated Medium-Sized Platform Obtains ASIL D Certification (1)-(2)

2.2.1 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Brake-by-Wire Systems

Development and Evolution Trends of Vehicle Braking Systems
Functional Safety Requirements for Vehicle Brake-by-Wire Systems: Requiring ETBS to Meet ASIL D Design Goals
Functional Safety Requirements of Braking Systems for L0-L5 Autonomous Driving at All Levels
Functional Safety Measures for Brake-by-Wire Systems
Functional Safety Design Strategies for Brake-by-Wire Systems
Functional Safety Design Strategies of Major Suppliers for Electronic Hydraulic Brake (EHB) Systems
Functional Safety Design Strategies of Major Suppliers for Electronic Mechanical Brake (EMB) Systems
Functional Safety Design Solution for EMB Systems: Functional Safety Design of Chenzhi Technology EMB Control Module
Functional Safety Design Solution for Brake-by-Wire Systems: Chenzhi Technology Integrated Brake Control Module IBCU Obtains ASIL D Product Certification
Functional Safety Design Solution for EHB Systems: (1)-(2)
Functional Safety Design Solution for Brake-by-Wire Systems: Two-box Solution, Bosch iBooster+ESP

2.2.2 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Steer-by-Wire (SBW) Systems

Development and Evolution Trends of China's Passenger Car Steering Systems: The Advent of the SBW Era
China's Passenger Car Steering Systems - Mandatory Standards - Functional Safety Requirements (1)
China's Passenger Car Steering Systems - Mandatory Standards - Newly Added SBW Safety Requirements
China's Passenger Car Steering Systems Mandatory Standards: (1)-(2)
China's Passenger Car Steering Systems - Mandatory Standards - Functional Safety Measures
SOTIF Solutions for SBW Systems
Solutions and Functional Safety-Related Strategies of Major Suppliers for SBW Systems
Solutions and Functional Safety-Related Strategies of Major OEMs for SBW Systems
SBW Functional Safety Solution: (1)-(4)

2.2.3 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Fully Active Suspension Systems

Evolution Trends of Suspension Systems for Electric Vehicle Intelligent Chassis
Functional Safety Requirements for Vehicle Fully Active Suspensions
Functional Safety Design Strategies of Major OEMs for Intelligent Suspension Systems
Functional Safety Design Solution for Vehicle Suspensions: Intelligent Suspension Controller
Redundancy Design Solution for Intelligent Suspension Systems: NIO Sky Ride Fully Active Suspension System
SBW Functional Safety Solution: ZF's SBW Technology for Intelligent Chassis 2.0
Functional Safety Design Solution for Vehicle Suspensions: G-Pulse Fully Active Suspension Controller
2.3 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Electric Drive Systems
Functional Safety Design Requirements for Electric Vehicle Drive Systems
Functional Safety Verification System for Electric Vehicle Drive Systems: (1)-(2)
Safety Protection Design for Electric Vehicle Drive Systems
Realization Methods of Functional Safety for Electric Vehicle Drive Systems
Functional Safety Strategies for Electric Vehicle Distributed Drive Systems: Drive System Fault-Tolerant Control Strategies (1)-(2)
Evolution Trends of Electric Vehicle Drive Systems
Distributed Drive System Evolution: Multi-Motor Drive Architecture to Evolve towards "All-Wheel Independent Drive"
Functional Safety of Electric Vehicle Distributed Drive Systems: (1)-(2)
Solutions and Functional Safety Strategies of Major OEMs for Distributed Electric Drive Systems (Three-Motor Four-Wheel Drive) (1)-(2)
Functional Safety Analysis of Electric Vehicle Distributed Drive Systems: Four-Motor Independent Drive Systems
Solutions and Functional Safety Strategies of Major OEMs for Drive-by-Wire Systems (Four-Motor Independent Drive) (1)-(2)
Functional Safety Product Certification Status of Major Enterprises in Electric Drive Systems (1)-(2)
Functional Safety Solution for Electric Vehicle Distributed Drive Systems: Xiaomi Auto Three-Motor Drive System
Functional Safety Solution for Electric Vehicle Electric Drive Systems: Functional Safety Design of Geely 11-in-1 Electric Drive System
Functional Safety Solution for Electric Vehicle Distributed Drive Systems: (1)-(3)
Functional Safety Solution for Electric Vehicle Drive Systems: (1)-(2)
2.4 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Low-Voltage Power Supply Systems
Performance Requirements of Power Supply Systems Driven by the Evolution of Electric Vehicle E/E Architecture
Development Trends of Low-Voltage Power Supply Systems Driven by the Evolution of Electric Vehicle E/E Architecture
Functional Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Systems
Functional Safety Design Requirements for Vehicle Power Supply Networks
Functional Safety Design of Vehicle Power Supply Systems: Vehicle Power Supply System Faults
Functional Safety Design Analysis of Vehicle Power Supply Systems: Functional Safety Concept Requirements
Functional Safety Design of Vehicle Power Supply Systems
Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Power Supply Systems
Power Supply Functional Safety Design Solution for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Systems: Functional Safety Design of Tesla Level 1 Power Supply Solution
Power Distribution Functional Safety Design Solution for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Systems: G-Pulse Electronic Intelligent Power Distribution with ASIL D Functional Safety Design
Power Distribution Functional Safety Design Solution for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Systems: 48V Power Supply System Power Distribution
Functional Safety Requirements of Three Electric Systems for L3 Autonomous Driving
Power Supply System Functional Safety Design Solution for L3 Autonomous Driving: Multi-Channel Redundant Power Supply Solution
Power Supply System Functional Safety Design for High-Level Autonomous Driving: (1)-(3)
2.5 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Battery Management Systems (BMS)
Safety Design Requirements for Vehicle BMS (1)
Functional Safety Design Requirements for Vehicle BMS (2)
SOTIF Design Requirements for Vehicle BMS
Development Trends of Vehicle BMS Safety Design
Functional Safety Product Certification Status of Major Enterprises in BMS, Batteries and Other Fields
BMS Solutions and Functional Safety Design Strategies of Major OEMs
Functional Safety Design Solution for Vehicle BMS: (1)-(10)
2.6 Functional Safety Design Solutions for Vehicle Central Integrated EEA Architecture
Challenges in the Development and Design of Functional Safety for Central Integrated EEA
Functional Safety Development Process of Central Integrated Electronic and Electrical Architecture
Functional Safety Development Requirements for Central Integrated Electronic and Electrical Architecture
Key Factors to Be Considered in the Development and Design of Central Integrated EEA Functional Safety
Redundancy Design for Central Integrated EEA Functional Safety Development
Practical Case of Central Integrated EEA Functional Safety Development: IM Motors
Challenges and Countermeasures in Hardware Functional Safety under the Central + Zonal (CCU+ZONAL) Architecture
Functional Safety Solution for Central + Zonal EEA Architecture: (1)-(4)

3 Development Trends of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF

3.1 Trend 1: Integrated Layout Trend of Full-Stack Safety Including Functional Safety, SOTIF, AI Safety, etc.
Integrated Development of Comprehensive Safety Layout such as Functional Safety + SOTIF + Cyber Information + AI Safety
Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout Trends: Summary of Comprehensive Safety Layout of Major OEMs
Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout Trends: Construction of BAIC Group's "One Core and Three Loops" Safety System
Type 1 of Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout: Integrated Construction of AI Safety + Functional Safety + SOTIF + Information Security + ASPICE, etc.
Type 2 of Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout: Integrated Development of Functional Safety + SOTIF + Cyber Security
Type 3 of Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout: Integration of ASPICE and Functional Safety
Type 4 of Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout: ASPICE Integrated Functional Safety and Cyber Security Integrated System Development
Type 5 of Vehicle Integrated Safety Layout: (1)-(3)
Case: Development Process Based on Functional Safety Integration by Zhicong Technology
3.2 Trend 2: Development Trends of Vehicle AI and Software System Functional Safety
Development Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF for Intelligent Vehicle Software
Development and Construction of Automotive AI Safety-Related Standards: Relevance between AI Safety Standards and Functional Safety Standards
Development and Construction of Automotive AI Safety-Related Standards: ISO/PAS 8800
Development and Construction of Automotive AI Safety-Related Standards: ISO 26262 Version 3 Fully Covers AI
Challenges of Vehicle AI System Functional Safety: (1)-(3)
Exploration of Intelligent Vehicle Software Functional Safety in the Era of AI Large Models
Exploration of Intelligent Vehicle Software SOTIF in the Era of AI Large Models
Vehicle AI System Functional Safety Strategies: Process Level
Vehicle AI System Functional Safety Strategies: Technical Level
Functional Safety Response Strategies for AI Large Models
Exploration of Functional Safety Solutions for Automotive AI Systems by Major Suppliers
Automotive AI System Functional Safety Solution: (1)-(3)
3.3 Trend 3: Evolution from Fail-Safe to Fail-Operational and Beyond
Difficulties in the Mass Production and Implementation of Vehicle Functional Safety
Steps in the Evolution of Vehicle Functional Safety
Evolution Trends of Vehicle Functional Safety
Evolution of Vehicle Functional Safety: Fail-Operational
Fail-Operational Case: Isolation and Restart of SoCs
3.4 Trend 4: AI Empowers Functional Safety and SOTIF
Development Trends of AI Empowering Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF
AI Empowering Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF: Risk Identification
Four Practical Paths for AI to Empower Functional Safety: From Assistance to Enhancement
Solution Products for AI Empowering Vehicle Functional Safety
Solution for AI Empowering Vehicle Functional Safety: HIRAIN FuSa AI Agent
Solution for AI Empowering Vehicle Functional Safety: Bosch Machine Learning Development V-Model Process (1)-(5)

Chapter 4 Layout of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF by OEMs

4.1 Changan Automobile
Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification Status
Functional Safety Layout
Functional Safety Organization Team
Functional Safety Business Philosophy
Software Quality Management: System Construction
Software Quality Management: Organizational Setup
Software Quality Management: Functional Safety/SOTIF
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
L3 Autonomous Driving Full-Lifecycle Closed-Loop Safety System Capabilities
AVATR Central Zonal Electronic and Electrical Architecture Functional Safety Strategy
Intelligent Driving Domain Control Functional Safety Design Strategy: SOC and MCU Monitor Each Other to Achieve Safety Redundancy
Intelligent Driving Domain Control Functional Safety Design Strategy: Case Studies
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: Tianshu Intelligent Chassis
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Drive, Battery and Power Supply Systems, etc.
Powertrain System Functional Safety Design Strategy: Smart New Blue Whale 3.0 (Power + Chassis + Intelligent Cockpit + Cloud)
Powertrain System Functional Safety Design Strategy: IEM3.0 Smart Power Control System
4.2 GAC Group
Functional Safety Certification Status
GA3.5 Architecture X-soul Safety Protection System
GA3.0 Architecture Functional Safety Design
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
Functional Safety Design of ADiGO GSD Intelligent Driving System
Functional Safety Design of ADiGO PILOT Intelligent Driving System
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Hyptec Smart Digital Chassis Functional Safety
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Drive Systems
Functional Safety of Quark Electric Drive Multi-In-One Powertrain Domain Control System
4.3 Great Wall Motor
Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification Status
Guiyuan Platform T-Safety Comprehensive Safety Design
Safety Technology IP
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
GEEP 4.0 Architecture Functional Safety
Functional Safety Design of the New Generation Intelligent Driving System Coffee Pilot Master
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment
Intelligent Chassis Functional Safety Design: Coffee Intelligence Fully Redundant Steering System
Intelligent Chassis Functional Safety Design: Coffee Intelligence Fully Redundant Power Supply and Braking
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Power Drive Systems
Full-Lifecycle Safety Protection for Power Batteries
4.4 Geely Auto
Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification Status
Global Safety 2.0
Global AI 2.0 Functional Safety Strategy
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Strategy: Qianli Haohan G-ASD
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Strategy: L3 Intelligent Driving Functional Safety
GEEA3.0 Functional Safety Design
Introduction of S-SDLC into the Software Safety Development Process
3.0 ZCU Platform Functional Safety Strategy
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment
Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(9)
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Drive and Battery Systems, etc.
Powertrain System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(2)
4.5 IM Motors
Summary of SAIC Motor's Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification Status
Evolution Trends of Vehicle Safety Technology
Challenges in the Development and Design of Functional Safety for Central Integrated EEA
Functional Safety Development Process of Central Integrated EEA
Functional Safety Development Requirements for Central Integrated EEA
Redundancy Design for Central Integrated EEA Functional Safety Development
Practical Case of Central Integrated EEA Functional Safety Development
Status Quo and Trends of SAIC's Functional Safety and SOTIF Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
SAIC's Intelligent Driving System Functional Safety Design: L3/L4 Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Strategy
SAIC's Intelligent Driving System Functional Safety Design: APA Parking System ECU Safety Architecture Design
Status Quo and Trends of SAIC's Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Digital Chassis Functional Safety Design: Digital Chassis Evolution
Chassis Redundancy Design: IM Motors Steer-by-Wire Digital Chassis Functional Safety Design
Digital Chassis Functional Safety Design: (1)-(4)
Status Quo and Trends of SAIC's Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Door, Drive, Battery Systems, etc.
Door Control System Functional Safety Design: IM LS9 Triple Safety Redundancy Door Opening
4.6 BYD
Functional Safety and SOTIF-Related Certification Status
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
Latest Intelligent Driving System Functional Safety Design Strategy: God's Eye 5.0 System
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(2)
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Drive Systems
Powertrain System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(2)
4.7 XPeng Motors
Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Design Strategy: XPeng G7 Intelligent Driving System
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Strategy: Turing AI Chip Obtains ASIL B Functional Safety Certification
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: Tai Chi AI Chassis (1)-(2)
Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: Canghai Base
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Electric Drive Systems
Battery Safety Design Strategy: XPeng 5C Ultra-Fast Charging AI Battery
Electric Drive System Functional Safety Design Strategy: XPeng Kunpeng Super Electric System
4.8 Li Auto
Functional Safety Certification Status
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
Intelligent Driving System SOTIF Strategy: (1)-(3)
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Braking System Functional Safety Strategy: Redundancy Backup Solutions for Braking, Steering, etc.
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Electric Drive Systems, etc.
Battery System Safety Design Strategy
Battery Power Functional Safety Strategy: Li Auto i8 Obtains NESTA Six-Dimensional Electrical Safety Certificate
Door Functional Safety Design Strategy: Four-Door Unlocking Functional Safety Design
Vehicle Power Supply Functional Safety Strategy: Vehicle Power Supply Backup Solution
Communication Functional Safety Design Strategy: VBS On-Board Communication Bus
4.9 NIO
Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment : Intelligent Driving Systems
ET9 Full Vehicle Seven-Fold Safety Redundancy Design Solution
Functional Safety Design of the Vehicle Global Operating System Tianshu SkyOS
NT3.0 New Generation ADAM Central Computing Platform Functional Safety Strategy: Dual Chip Computing Power Redundancy
NT2.0 Platform Supercomputing Platform Functional Safety Strategy: Built-in Independent Redundancy Backup Chip
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
Intelligent Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(3)
Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: Redundancy Design of Chassis Domain Controller ICC
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Electric Drive and Power Supply Systems, etc.
4.10 Xiaomi Auto
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving
Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Design Strategy: (1)-(3)
Central Computing Platform Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(2)
Intelligent Driving System Functional Safety Strategy: Hardware and Perception Redundancy of Xiaomi YU7
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Chassis
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Electric Drive Systems
Intelligent Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(2)
Electric Drive System Functional Safety Design Strategy: Xiaomi SU7 Ultra Super Three-Motor System
Next-Generation Intelligent Chassis Pre-Research Technology
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Battery Systems
Battery Functional Safety Design Strategy: Battery System Safety
Battery System Functional Safety Design Strategy: (1)-(4)
4.11 Leapmotor
Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification Status
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Intelligent Driving Systems
D Platform Intelligent Driving System Functional Safety Design Strategy: Qualcomm Snapdragon Dual 8797 Cockpit and Driving Integrated Central Domain Control Platform
B/C Platform Intelligent Driving System Functional Safety Design Strategy: Qualcomm Snapdragon 8295+8650 Cockpit and Driving Integrated Central Domain Control Platform
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Chassis Systems
D Platform Chassis System Functional Safety Strategy: (1)-(4)
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment: Drive, Battery Systems, etc.
D Platform Functional Safety Design Strategy: L-Shaped Front Trunk
4.12 BMW Group
New Four-Domain Architecture for the New Generation Models
Autonomous Driving System Safety Strategy
Functional Safety of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture
Functional Safety Design and Deployment of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture (1)-(3):
L3 Autonomous Driving Functional Safety Design
4.13 Mercedes-Benz Group
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Deployment
Functional Safety
Functional Safety and SOTIF Measures of L3 System Drive Pilot
Functional Safety of Intelligent Driving Systems
Vehicle Electrical Safety Verification and Certification of Battery-Electric CLA Model
Holistic Safety Concept
4.14 Ford
Safety Strategy
Functional Safety Analysis Process
4.15 Volvo
"World of Volvo" Intelligent Safety System
Functional Safety Design for Intelligent Battery Cells
Functional Safety Design of Exhaust Brake System

5 Suppliers of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions

5.1 HiRain Technologies
Functional Safety Team Profile
Summary of the Company's Layout of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions
Automotive AI Safety Solution (1)-(3)
HIRAIN FuSa AI Agent
Intelligent Connected Vehicle Functional Safety Development Solution
Vehicle-Level Functional Safety Development
Component-Level Vehicle Functional Safety Development
Functional Safety R&D Tool Chain Products
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Solution
Intelligent Driving Safety Product Certification Projects and Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Consulting Services
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Development Platform
Intelligent Connected Vehicle SOTIF Development Solution (1)-(4)
Intelligent Connected Vehicle Functional Safety Test Solution
Intelligent Connected Vehicle Functional Safety/SOTIF Test Solution
5.2 VECTOR
Functional Safety Solutions
SOTIF Solutions
Vehicle Functional Safety Solutions
Functional Safety Solutions: Automotive Functional Consulting Services
PREEvision Design Tool Supports Functional Safety Processes
MICROSAR Safe
MICROSAR Adaptive Safe
Vehicle Functional Safety Test CAST
Functional Safety Testing
Vehicle Functional Safety Analysis Data Quantification Tool Squore
SOTIF Solutions: Consulting Services
5.3 Bosch
Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions
Functional Safety Services
AI Safety Layout
AI System Safety Analysis Solution (1)
AI System Safety Analysis Solution: Four Levels (1)-(5)
SOTIF Development V-Process
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process: Four Levels
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process: ODD as the Starting Point of the Process
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process: V-Model of DDE
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process Solves the Safety Challenges of ML Systems
Autonomous Driving System Redundancy Design Solution
Braking System Functional Safety Strategy: Redundancy Design Solution
Functional Safety Design of Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Mainstream Solutions for Intelligent Cockpit Functional Safety
TARA Engineering
5.4 Continental AG
Vehicle Functional Safety Solutions
Functional Safety Consulting and Development Services
Functional Safety Training Services
5.5 eSOL
Main Functional Safety Tools
Activities in Functional Safety Standards and Related Tool Products
Consulting Services for Functional Safety Standards
Vehicle Functional Safety Related Document Package Products
5.6 Synopsys
Functional Safety Solutions
Native Automotive Solutions
Functional Safety Verification Solutions
Chip Lifecycle Management Functional Safety
VC Functional Safety Management
TestMAX Test Solution
IP for ISO 26262 Vehicle Functional Safety
DesignWare ARC Functional Safety Software
IP for ADAS SoC Compliant with Functional Safety Standards
IP for Connected Vehicle and Infotainment System SoC Compliant with Functional Safety Standards
IP for Gateway SoC Compliant with Functional Safety Standards
DesignWare IP Subsystems
5.7 China Intelligent & Connected Vehicles (Beijing) Research Institute Co., Ltd. (CICV)
Profile
Functional Safety-Related Software Tools
Functional Safety Quality Management Functions and Tool Tree
Functional Safety Software Tool Evaluation
Establishment of SOTIF Working Group
SOTIF Development Process
5.8 Saimo Technology
Profile
SOTIF Analysis Tool Safety Pro (1)-(5)
Deepening Strategic Cooperation with SGS
5.9 Worthy Technology
Profile
Vehicle Functional Safety Consulting Services
Solution for the Implementation of Automotive Electronics Industry Standards
5.10 OMNEX
Functional Safety Solutions
Profile
FMEA & Problem Solver/8D Integrated Software
Functional Safety Software Products
Electric and Autonomous Driving Vehicle Software Platform
OMNEX FuSA Project
5.11 PARASOFT
Functional Safety Solutions
Profile
Solutions to Help Customers Meet Functional Safety Standards
Advantages of Functional Safety Solutions
C/C++test
DTP
Major Automotive Industry Customers
Joint Establishment of Functional Safety Specialist Group (FSG)
Functional Safety Specialist Group (FSG) Provides One-Stop Functional Safety Certification and Other Services
5.12 MUNIK
Functional Safety Solutions
Profile
Functional Safety Technology Service Provider
Scope of Technical Services
Technical Service Methods
Full-Process Technical Services for ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety
Training Services for ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety
Process Consulting Services for ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety
Full-Process Technical Services for ISO 21448 SOTIF
Semiconductor Functional Safety FMEDA Tool
Safety Analysis and Management Software: EnCore SOX
Major Customers
5.13 Hangzhou SafenuX
Profile
Functional Safety-Related Developments
Product Services
Software Code Compliance Services
ASIL B Software Code Compliance Services

6 Certification of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF

6.1 Certification Status of Vehicle Functional Safety
Ove