Smart Metering in Europe - 18th Edition

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

List of Figures

Executive Summary

1. Electricity, Gas and District Heating Markets in Europe

• 1.1. Energy industry players
• 1.2. Electricity market
• 1.3. Gas market
• 1.4. District heating market

2. Smart Metering Solutions

• 2.1. Introduction to smart grids
• 2.2. Smart metering
  • 2.2.1. Smart metering applications
  • 2.2.2. Smart metering infrastructure
  • 2.2.3. Benefits of smart metering
• 2.3. Project strategies
  • 2.3.1. System design and sourcing
  • 2.3.2. Rollout and integration
  • 2.3.3. Implementation and operation
  • 2.3.4. Communicating with customers
• 2.4. Regulatory issues
  • 2.4.1. Models for the introduction of smart meters
  • 2.4.2. Standards and guidelines
  • 2.4.3. Individual rights issues

3. IoT Networks and Communications Technologies

• 3.1. IoT network technologies
  • 3.1.1. Network architecture
  • 3.1.2. Unlicensed and licensed frequency bands
• 3.2. PLC technology and standards
  • 3.2.1. International standards organisations
  • 3.2.2. G3-PLC
  • 3.2.3. PRIME
  • 3.2.4. Meters & More
  • 3.2.5. OSGP
• 3.3. 3GPP cellular and LPWA technologies
  • 3.3.1. 2G/3G/4G/5G cellular technologies and IoT
  • 3.3.2. NB-IoT and LTE-M
  • 3.3.3. The role of cellular networks in smart meter communications
  • 3.3.4. LoRa and LoRaWAN
  • 3.3.5. Sigfox
• 3.4. Other RF technologies and standards
  • 3.4.1. IEEE 802.15.4
  • 3.4.2. Wi-SUN
  • 3.4.3. Proprietary IPv6 connectivity stacks based on 802.15.4
  • 3.4.4. EN 13757

4. Smart Metering Industry Players

• 4.1. Meter vendors
  • 4.1.1. Itron
  • 4.1.2. Landis+Gyr
  • 4.1.3. Aclara (Hubbell)
  • 4.1.4. ADD Grup
  • 4.1.5. AEM
  • 4.1.6. Aidon (Gridspertise)
  • 4.1.7. Apator
  • 4.1.8. Circutor
  • 4.1.9. Diehl Metering
  • 4.1.10. EDMI (Osaki Electric)
  • 4.1.11. EFR
  • 4.1.12. Elgama Elektronika (Linyang Energy)
  • 4.1.13. EMH Metering
  • 4.1.14. Flonidan
  • 4.1.15. Gridspertise (Enel)
  • 4.1.16. Hexing Electrical
  • 4.1.17. Honeywell
  • 4.1.18. Holley Technology
  • 4.1.19. Iskraemeco
  • 4.1.20. Kaifa Technology
  • 4.1.21. Kamstrup
  • 4.1.22. Meter&Control
  • 4.1.23. MeteRSIT
  • 4.1.24. Networked Energy Services
  • 4.1.25. NIK
  • 4.1.26. Pietro Fiorentini
  • 4.1.27. Sagemcom
  • 4.1.28. Sanxing Electric
  • 4.1.29. Wasion
  • 4.1.30. ZIV
  • 4.1.31. ZPA Smart Energy (El Sewedy Electrometer)
  • 4.1.32. ZTE Corporation
• 4.2. Communications solution providers
  • 4.2.1. APKAPPA
  • 4.2.2. Corinex
  • 4.2.3. CyanConnode
  • 4.2.4. Devolo
  • 4.2.5. NuriFlex
  • 4.2.6. Ormazabal
  • 4.2.7. Power Plus Communications
  • 4.2.8. Sensus (Xylem)
  • 4.2.9. Theben Smart Energy
  • 4.2.10. Toshiba
  • 4.2.11. Trilliant
  • 4.2.12. Xemex
• 4.3. Software solution providers
  • 4.3.1. Avance Metering
  • 4.3.2. Atlantica Digital
  • 4.3.3. Cuculus
  • 4.3.4. Embriq
  • 4.3.5. Hansen Technologies
  • 4.3.6. Ferranti
  • 4.3.7. Kisters
  • 4.3.8. Oracle
  • 4.3.9. Robotron Datenbank-Software
  • 4.3.10. SAP
  • 4.3.11. Siemens
  • 4.3.12. Telecontrol STM
  • 4.3.13. Terranova Software
  • 4.3.14. VIVAVIS
• 4.4. System integrators and communications service providers
  • 4.4.1. A1 Telekom Austria
  • 4.4.2. Arqiva
  • 4.4.3. Atos
  • 4.4.4. Capgemini
  • 4.4.5. CGI
  • 4.4.6. Com4
  • 4.4.7. Greenbird Integration Technology (GE Vernova)
  • 4.4.8. IBM
  • 4.4.9. Telecom Italia
  • 4.4.10. Telefónica
  • 4.4.11. Telenor
  • 4.4.12. Telia Company
  • 4.4.13. Utility Connect
  • 4.4.14. Vodafone

5. Market Profiles

• 5.1. Regional summary
  • 5.1.1. EU energy strategy
  • 5.1.2. EU policies related to smart metering
  • 5.1.3. Smart metering policies on the national level
  • 5.1.4. Top smart metering projects in EU27+3 countries
• 5.2. Austria
  • 5.2.1. Electricity and gas distribution structure
  • 5.2.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.2.3. Smart metering market developments
• 5.3. Belgium
  • 5.3.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.3.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.4. Bulgaria
  • 5.4.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.4.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.5. Croatia
  • 5.5.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.5.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.6. Cyprus
  • 5.6.1. Electricity distribution industry structure
  • 5.6.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.7. Czech Republic
  • 5.7.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.7.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.7.3. Smart metering market developments
• 5.8. Denmark
  • 5.8.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.8.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.8.3. Smart metering market developments
• 5.9. Estonia
  • 5.9.1. Electricity distribution industry structure
  • 5.9.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.10. Finland
  • 5.10.1. Electricity distribution industry structure
  • 5.10.2. First wave of smart metering 2004-2013
  • 5.10.3. Second-wave rollout preparations
• 5.11. France
  • 5.11.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.11.2. Nationwide program for smart electricity metering
  • 5.11.3. Nationwide program for smart gas metering
• 5.12. Germany
  • 5.12.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.12.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.12.3. Technical standardization of smart meters
  • 5.12.4. Smart metering market developments
• 5.13. Greece
  • 5.13.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.13.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart meter market developments
• 5.14. Hungary
  • 5.14.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.14.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.15. Ireland
  • 5.15.1. Electricity and gas distribution structure
  • 5.15.2. Nationwide program for deployment of smart meters
• 5.16. Italy
  • 5.16.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.16.2. First stage of smart metering adoption 2001-2013
  • 5.16.3. Second stage of smart metering adoption 2014-2024
• 5.17. Latvia
  • 5.17.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.17.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.18. Lithuania
  • 5.18.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.18.2. Smart metering market developments
• 5.19. Luxembourg
  • 5.19.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.19.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering rollout plans
• 5.20. Malta
  • 5.20.1. Utility industry structure
  • 5.20.2. National smart grid project
• 5.21. Netherlands
  • 5.21.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.21.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.21.3. Smart metering market developments
• 5.22. Norway
  • 5.22.1. Electricity distribution industry structure
  • 5.22.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.22.3. Smart metering market developments and tender results
• 5.23. Poland
  • 5.23.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.23.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.23.3. Smart metering projects
• 5.24. Portugal
  • 5.24.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.24.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart metering market developments
• 5.25. Romania
  • 5.25.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.25.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart meter market developments
• 5.26. Slovakia
  • 5.26.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.26.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart meter market developments
• 5.27. Slovenia
  • 5.27.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.27.2. Smart metering market developments
• 5.28. Spain
  • 5.28.1. Electricity and gas distribution industry structure
  • 5.28.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.28.3. Smart metering market developments
• 5.29. Sweden
  • 5.29.1. Electricity distribution industry structure
  • 5.29.2. First wave of smart metering 2003-2009
  • 5.29.3. Second wave of smart metering 2018-2024
• 5.30. Switzerland
  • 5.30.1. Electricity distribution industry structure
  • 5.30.2. Metering regulatory environment and smart meter market developments
• 5.31. United Kingdom
  • 5.31.1. Electricity and gas industry structure
  • 5.31.2. Metering regulatory environment
  • 5.31.3. Great Britain's planned nationwide smart metering system
  • 5.31.4. Smart meter criticism and regulatory framework revision
  • 5.31.5. Smart meter rollout
  • 5.31.6. Smart metering in Northern Ireland, the Channel Islands and Gibraltar

6. Case Studies: Smart Metering Projects in Europe

• 6.1. Enel
  • 6.1.1. Enel Open Meter and the second-generation rollout in Italy
  • 6.1.2. Endesa's smart metering project in Spain
  • 6.1.3. Smart meter rollout in Romania
• 6.2. Enedis
  • 6.2.1. The Linky Programme
  • 6.2.2. System development and large-scale pilot
  • 6.2.3. Full-scale rollout
• 6.3. Current smart meter projects in four European countries
  • 6.3.1. Austria - Wiener Netze
  • 6.3.2. Belgium - Fluvius
  • 6.3.3. Ireland - ESB Networks
  • 6.3.4. Lithuania - ESO
• 6.4. Pioneering next-generation smart meter rollouts
  • 6.4.1. E.ON Sweden
  • 6.4.2. Elenia
• 6.5. Smart gas meter rollouts in France and Italy
  • 6.5.1. GRDF
  • 6.5.2. 2i Rete
• 6.6. Smart meter communications platforms in Germany and the UK
  • 6.6.1. Germany
  • 6.6.2. United Kingdom
• 6.7. Smart metering in Eastern Europe and the Balkans

7. Market Forecasts and Trends

• 7.1. Market trends
  • 7.1.1. Second-wave rollouts to account for a substantial share of shipments
  • 7.1.2. Growth increasingly driven by CEE and Southeast European projects
  • 7.1.3. Adoption of NB-IoT and LTE-M connectivity picking up speed
  • 7.1.4. Making smart metering systems secure by design
  • 7.1.5. Rethinking the smart metering offering to respond to emerging utility needs
  • 7.1.6. Europe gearing up for hydrogen supply operations
• 7.2. Smart electricity metering market forecast
  • 7.2.1. Capital expenditure forecast
  • 7.2.2. Communications technology market shares
• 7.3. Smart gas metering market forecast
• List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

List of Figures

• Figure 1.1: Top 25 energy companies, by turnover (EU27+3 2022)
• Figure 1.2: Electricity generation and consumption data (EU27 2021)
• Figure 1.3: Electricity market statistics (Europe 2022/2023)
• Figure 1.4: Top 25 electricity DSO groups (EU27+3 2022)
• Figure 1.5: Top 25 electricity DSO groups (Eastern Europe 2022)
• Figure 1.6: Gas market statistics (EU27+3 2022)
• Figure 1.7: Top 25 gas DSO groups (EU27+3 2022)
• Figure 1.8: District heating market overview (EU27+3)
• Figure 2.1: Smart metering infrastructure
• Figure 2.2: Examples of smart electricity meters
• Figure 3.1: Standard model for smart grid communications networks
• Figure 3.2: Alternative model for smart grid communications networks
• Figure 3.3: Unlicensed and reserved radio frequencies available for wireless IoT
• Figure 3.4: Selected members of the G3-PLC Alliance by industry
• Figure 3.5: Selected members of the PRIME Alliance by industry
• Figure 3.6: Selected members of the Meters & More Association by industry
• Figure 3.7: Selected members of the OSGP Alliance by industry
• Figure 3.8: Comparison of LTE-M and NB-IoT specifications
• Figure 3.9: Number of LTE-M and NB-IoT Networks (World 2018-2022)
• Figure 3.10: Public LoRaWAN network operators in Europe (Q4-2023)
• Figure 3.11: Sigfox network partners in Europe (Q4-2023)
• Figure 3.12: Selected members of the Wi-SUN Alliance by industry
• Figure 3.13: Selected members of the OMS Group
• Figure 3.14: Selected members of the Wize Alliance by industry
• Figure 4.1: Major energy meter vendor company data (World/Europe, FY2022)
• Figure 5.1: Regulatory policies for smart meter rollouts, by country (EU27+3 2023)
• Figure 5.2: Top 25 smart electricity metering projects in EU27+3 countries
• Figure 5.3: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Austria
• Figure 5.4: Major SM projects in Austria
• Figure 5.5: Main electricity and gas utilities in Belgium
• Figure 5.6: Electricity DSOs in Bulgaria
• Figure 5.7: Electricity and gas DSOs in the Czech Republic
• Figure 5.8: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Denmark
• Figure 5.9: Top 15 smart metering contracts in Denmark (first-wave rollout)
• Figure 5.10: Smart metering projects in Estonia
• Figure 5.11: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Finland
• Figure 5.12: Smart metering projects in France
• Figure 5.13: Electricity DSOs in Germany by size
• Figure 5.14: Top 30 electricity utilities in Germany
• Figure 5.15: Germany's smart metering rollout plan
• Figure 5.16: Types of electricity meters installed for households (2021)
• Figure 5.17: Top 4 electricity and gas utilities in Hungary
• Figure 5.18: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Italy (2022)
• Figure 5.19: Electricity DSOs in Italy by size
• Figure 5.20: Top gas DSOs in Italy
• Figure 5.21: Natural gas customers in Italy by region (2022)
• Figure 5.22: Electricity and gas DSOs in the Netherlands
• Figure 5.23: Residential and small business smart electricity meters by DSO (2022)
• Figure 5.24: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Norway
• Figure 5.25: Top 10 smart metering contracts in Norway
• Figure 5.26: Main electricity DSOs in Poland
• Figure 5.27: Major smart metering contracts in Poland
• Figure 5.28: Top utilities in Portugal
• Figure 5.29: Top 5 utilities in Romania
• Figure 5.30: Installed base of smart electricity meters by DSO group (2022)
• Figure 5.31: Top 4 utilities in Slovakia
• Figure 5.32: Main electricity and gas DSOs in Spain (2022)
• Figure 5.33: Smart residential electricity meters in Spain (December 2019)
• Figure 5.34: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Sweden
• Figure 5.35: Largest second-wave smart metering contracts in Sweden (2022)
• Figure 5.36: Top 10 electricity DSOs in Switzerland
• Figure 5.37: Electricity DSOs in the United Kingdom
• Figure 5.38: Gas DSOs in the United Kingdom
• Figure 5.39: Residential electricity and gas retail markets in the UK (Q1-2023)
• Figure 5.40: SMETS1 migration phases
• Figure 5.41: Smart energy meters in operation in Great Britain (Q4-2022)
• Figure 5.42: Estimated total installed base of smart meters, major retailers (2022)
• Figure 6.1: Enel Open Meter second-generation smart meter
• Figure 6.2: Conceptual system architecture for Enedis' smart metering system
• Figure 6.3: GRDF's smart gas metering cost-benefit analysis
• Figure 6.4: Smart Meter Gateway (SMGW) network interfaces
• Figure 6.5: Smart Meter Gateway Administrators
• Figure 7.1: CEE and Southeast Europe share of total European shipments
• Figure 7.2: CEE and Southeast Europe share of first-generation shipments
• Figure 7.3: Electricity smart meter shipments and penetration rate (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.4: Electricity smart meter shipments by country (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.5: Electricity smart meter installed base by country (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.6: Electricity smart metering capital expenditure forecast (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.7: Estimated capital cost for some smart metering projects in Europe
• Figure 7.8: Breakdown of costs for electricity smart metering projects in Europe
• Figure 7.9: Smart meter shipments, by communication technology (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.10: Smart gas meter installed base by country (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.11: Smart gas meter shipments by country (EU27+3 2022-2028)
• Figure 7.12: Smart gas meter shipments, by communications technology (2022-2028)